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Secure Identity Based Authentication for Emergency Communications
The Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) offers secure data transmission between vehicles with the support of reliable authorities and RSUs. RSUs are fully damaged in emergency scenarios like natural catastrophes and are unable to provide the needed services. Vehicles in this scenario must communicate safely without RSUs. Hence, this study suggests a secure and reliable identity-based authentication technique for emergency scenarios. To provide secure vehicle-to-vehicle communication without RSUs, ECC-based IBS is utilized. Additionally, it offers security features like message integrity, privacy protection, and authentication. It is also resistant to attacks depending on authentication and privacy. The proposed technique performs efficiently with less communication and computing cost when its performance is compared with recent schemes. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Identity-based message authentication scheme using proxy vehicles for vehicular ad hoc networks
Message authentication verifies the identity of the sender vehicle, ensuring it in between vehicles and Road Side Units (RSU) is an essential part of Vehicular Adhoc Networks. Signature verification in RSUs will be troublesome if a large number of vehicles enters in its region at the same time. In such cases the efficiency of the RSUs will be affected due to high computational overhead. To address this issue, proxy vehicle based message authentication scheme (ID-MAP) is proposed by Asaar et al. (ITVT 67: 5409, 2018). It uses proxy vehicles to reduce the overheads of the RSU by verifying multiple messages at the same time. Even though it deals with the efficiency issues of RSU, the computational cost of signature generation is high. Since the ability of a vehicle to act as a proxy vehicle is based on the number of signed messages, it has a major impact. It also cannot guarantee privacy preservation and hence it is insecure against attacks based on privacy preservation. It also has other drawbacks like storage issues and high overheads. Hence, a new identity based message authentication using proxy vehicles is proposed in this paper. Elliptic Curve Cryptography based scheme is used without pairings for message authentication. Proxy vehicles will verify multiple messages from vehicles through batch verification and send the result to the RSU. The identity of multiple proxy vehicles will be verified by RSU, it can also cross check the correctness of the received result. Thereby RSUs can verify a large number of messages at the same time with the help of proxy vehicles. Security analysis shows that if each proxy vehicle verifies 300 messages of its neighbor vehicles, then with the help of proxy vehicles an RSU can verify 226,244 messages per second which is 40% less than that of ID-MAP scheme. It also shows that the computational cost to generate a signature in the proposed scheme is 50% less than that of ID-MAP scheme. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Antiferromagnetism of CoO-NiO bilayers studied by XMLD spectroscopy
CoO-NiO epitaxial bilayer system grown on MgO(001) substrate is investigated using x-ray magnetic linear dichroism (XMLD) spectroscopy with varying CoO overlayer thickness. An analysis of the Ni L 2 edge XMLD spectra using anisotropic XMLD formulation within a two-domain model reveals that the Ni moments undergo a spin reorientation with increasing CoO thickness. Such a spin reorientation is attributed to the competing magnetic interactions at both the NiO film interfaces, suggesting the existence of a sharp horizontal domain wall separating the in-plane and out-of-plane NiO domains. Our study also demonstrates a possible way to investigate the spin-structure along the thickness within the same chemical structure using a model-based approach, in a noninvasive manner. 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd. -
Magnetic coupling across the antiferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic interface
We investigate the magnetic coupling across the antiferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic (AFM-AFM) interface for the prototypical CoO-NiO bilayer system where the bulk Nl temperature (T N ) of NiO is higher than that of CoO. Using the temperature-dependent exchange-scattered electron intensities from the surface AFM lattice, the surface T N of CoO was estimated as a function of the CoO/NiO film thicknesses. Our results show that the surface T N of CoO layers is enhanced significantly from its bulk T N value and approaching the T N of the NiO layers, as the thickness of the CoO layers is reduced to the monolayer limit. Thus, thinner CoO layers are found to have higher T N than thicker layers on NiO, contrasting with the expected finite-size behavior. In addition to the short-range magnetic exchange coupling at the CoO-NiO interface, we observe the existence of a longer-range magnetic coupling across the interface, mediated by the magnetic correlations. Thus, the magnetic proximity effect is attributed to a combination of a short-range and a weaker long-range magnetic coupling, explaining the long AFM order propagation length in AFM-AFM superlattices and bilayers. Further, our results indicate a new approach to tune the AFM Nl temperature by varying the individual layer thickness of the bilayer system through the magnetic proximity effect. 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd. -
THE STUDY OF THE ONSET OF RAYLEIGH B??NARD CONVECTION IN A COUPLE-STRESS DIELECTRIC LIQUID
The linear analysis of Rayleigh-Benard convection in dielectric couple stress fluid are studied using the Galerkin technique. The effects of six basic non-uniform temperature gradients on the onset of convection are analsysied. The eigenvalue is obtained for free - free velocity boundary combinations with isothermal and adiabatic boundaries. A linear stability analysis is performed. The influence of various parameters on the onset of convection has been analyzed. Six different non-uniform temperature profiles are considered and their comparative influence on onset is discussed. The problem suggests an elegant method of external control of internal convection. -
Significance of Critical Thinking in the Artificial Intelligence- Driven Academicscape: A Discourse on Transforming Academic Cognition and Lifestyle
This chapter explores the redefined role of critical thinking in the AI-powered Academicscapes. It highlights how employing analytical skills through prompting and effective human oversight of AI outputs can augment learning without replacing human cognition in AI-driven academia. It proposes strategies to craft effective prompts to enhance the quality of the AI outputs and to develop the critical thinking skills required to assess the same. These strategies focus on analysing arguments, evaluating evidence, and metacognition while using AI tools for knowledge consumption and creation. These micro-skills are crucial to evaluating the content's authenticity, algorithmic biases and ethical concerns. Furthermore, this discourse includes the broader implications of integrating critical thinking with the learner's lifestyle in academic success and well-being. Finally, the authors suggest a collective effort from the learners, teachers, and policymakers to transform classrooms into progressive learning centres that promote critical inquiry to realise ethical and empowering education. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Healing beyond Beliefs: A Posthumanist Reading of IoMT Advancements
Healthcare procedures powered by the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) blur the boundaries between human and non-human entities, contesting the naturalness of human beings. It aligns with posthumanist philosophy, which challenges narratives of human identities by emphasizing technologys role in human existence and progress. Contextually, the exemplary technological advancements in healthcare services have challenged popular belief systems nurtured by religious perspectives. It has shifted the focus of healing prayers from seeking miraculous healing to praying for reception and efficiency of treatments, thus encouraging people to embrace scientific remedies unconsciously. This chapter explores the uses of IoT sensors, devices, and procedures from a sociocultural posthumanist lens that includes Donna Haraways Cyborg Manifesto, " Katherine Hayles How We Became Posthuman, " and Bruno Latours Actor-Network Theory. It also examines the initial religious resistance to IoMT applications and their eventual success against the pastoral power fostered by religious narratives. In addition, the chapter contests the normalization of pseudoscientific faith healing as opposed to embracing scientific solutions, which can be hazardous to public health and lead to the exploitation of the ignorant masses. The chapter advocates for normalizing a progressive scientific temper that endorses and employs effective, ethical, equitable, and democratized access to scientific healthcare solutions. 2026 selection and editorial matter, Balakrishnan C, Jayapriya J, Vinay M, Sanjeev Kumar Singh, Nadarajah Manivannan individual chapters, the contributors. -
Influence of Planting Methods on Growth, Yield and Storage of Onion (Allium cepa L.) var. Bhima Shakti
Background: Successful crop production in any crop depends on the good agronomic practices. Being a commercial crop, onion needs good attention during the crop growth stages, most of the times, in onion cultivation farmers follow broadcasting method which leads to the wastage of seeds, seedling mortality and poor germination and it will affect the total yield and productivity. Methods: To identify the best planting method an investigation on performance of seed drill versus transplanted onion was conducted at University of Agricultural Sciences, Main Agriculture Research Station, Dharwad. Result: Results indicated that, T3- (Transplanting) performed superior for all the vegetative and yield parameters studied. Plant height 55.57 cm, leaf number (7.86, 8.29 and 8.08 in pooled), Leaf width (1.03 cm, 0.99 cm pooled 1.01 cm). Total yield: (21.97 t/ha, 22.05 t/ha and 22.01 t/ha), marketable yield (20.74 t/ha 20.95 t/ha and 20.85 t/ha), bulb weight (64.00 g, 53.00 g and 53.90 g in pooled, analysis). From this, it can be concluded that transplanting of onion was better compared to other methods. (2024), (Agricultural Research Communication Centre). All rights reserved. -
Broadband near infrared emission in Cr3+: Cs2AgBiCl6 double perovskite halides
Near Infra-red phosphors with broad emission band, high thermal stability and excellent efficiency are required in various bioimaging applications. In this study, we report the design and chemical reflux synthesis of a new family of Cr3+: Cs2AgBiCl6 double perovskites. In detail this article focuses on the impact of Cr3+ doping on the crystal structure, optical and vibrational properties of Cs2AgBiCl6 double perovskites. Different concentrations of Cr3+ doped Cs2AgBiCl6 double perovskites were analyzed using UVVisible, Raman, Photoluminescence (PL), PL excitation, time resolved PL, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Morphological analyses were carried out using scanning and transmission electron microscopies. XRD spectra reveals that the cubic symmetry remains unaltered upon Cr3+ doping. Raman and Rietveld analysis show that the BiCl bond decreases upon Cr3+ incorporation. Optical absorption studies reveal a decrease in bandgap from 2.76 to 2.66 eV upon Cr3+ doping. PL spectroscopy of Cr 3+:Cs2AgBiCl6 exhibits a broad near infrared (NIR) emission band at 973 nm with an FWHM of 186 nm at 355 nm excitation. This demonstrates the promising prospects for NIR light emitting diode and bioimaging applications of Cr3+:Cs2AgBiCl6 double perovskites. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Extrinsic electronic states to tune the luminescence and bonding nature of Cs2NaInCl6 double perovskite
Halide double perovskites have been extensively investigated in recent years as more stable and environmentally friendly materials with significant optoelectronic properties. Herein, we introduce Mn2+ ions in the Cs2NaInCl6 lattice to impart new electronic pathways to the otherwise weak optically active double perovskite for tuning its luminescent behaviour. X-ray diffraction, Raman, UVvisible, Photoluminescence (PL), and timeresolved PL (TRPL) spectroscopy are used to investigate the effect of Mn 2+ feed ratio on structural, vibrational, and optical properties. The chemical environment and surface morphology of the Mn2+ ions doped Cs2NaInCl6 double perovskite were investigated using X-ray photoelectron (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) spectroscopies, and scanning electron microscopy. Results of the Rietveld refinement and Raman spectra divulge a decrease in In-Cl and Na-Cl bond length upon Mn2+ incorporation. The microstructure of the Cs2NaInCl6 double perovskite system was also studied using HRTEM analysis. UVvisible studies demonstrated a tremendous increase in absorption and a slight increase in band gap upon Mn2+ doping. PL and TRPL measurements of Mn2+: Cs2NaInCl6 discloses its red luminescence at 614 nm corresponding to the d-d atomic transition of Mn2+ with a long lifetime of 2.1 ms. Electron density investigations using maximum entropy method (MEM) demonstrate clear evolution of In-Cl and Na-Cl bonds from a highly ionic nature in pure Cs2NaInCl6 to strong covalent nature in Mn2+: Cs2NaInCl6 double perovskites. This affirms the simultaneous replacement of In, Na ions by Mn2+ to maintain charge neutrality in the compound and tune the electronic states of the Cs2NaInCl6 system. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Effectiveness of market development assistance scheme in handloom and gems and jewellery sectors in India /
Scholedge International Journal Of Management And Development, Vol.2, Issue 8, pp.37-50, ISSN No: 2394-3378. -
The dark side of technology-enabled teaching: Impact of technostress on student performance
This study validates an instrument used to measure technostress creators, technostress support mechanisms, and their negative impact on students' satisfaction and performance. A research model is developed based on the stimulus, organism, and response model to analyse the mediating effect of technostress creators and understand how technostress inhibitors influence students' satisfaction and their performance. A group of 206 students from India pursuing higher education were selected as a sample to validate this model. Technostress creators act as a mediator between technostress inhibitors and students' satisfaction and their performance, while technostress inhibitors positively influence student satisfaction and performance indirectly. Insights from this study will enable higher education institutions to identify the students who are finding technology-based education problematic and help preserve their wellbeing by following supportive strategies to reduce stress and enhance the students' active participation in technology-based education. Copyright 2021, IGI Global. -
Degree of Children Influence on Parents Buying Decision Process
European Journal of Business Management Vol. 4, No. 14, pp 49-57, ISSN No. 2222-2839 -
SHRINKAGE ESTIMATION OF THE TTT OF THE LOMAX DISTRIBUTION UNDER PROGRESSIVE TYPE II CENSORING
Shrinkage estimation is a robust procedure that integrates an unbiased estimate with the current estimate using a weighted factor. Several weighted factors dynamically adjust the shrinkage factor based on the sample size and censoring proportion, ensuring that the method tailors the shrinkage to the available data rather than applying a constant factor. Despite certain real-world application limitations, the Lomax distribution exhibits flexibility as a tail-behaviour modelling technique, making it particularly suitable for reliability and survival analysis. The present study focuses on estimating the shape parameter of the Lomax distribution using PTII censored sampling within the framework of the shrinkage estimator method. Shrinkage estimators are derived based on constant and shrinkage weight factors under different weight functions. These depend on the base estimates sample size, bias, and variance to shrink the current estimate. The performance of these estimators is rigorously evaluated through a Monte Carlo simulation study. 2026 Pushpa Publishing House, Prayagraj, India. -
SHRINKAGE BASED ESTIMATION FOR STRESS STRENGTH RELIABILITY P[Y < X < Z] FOR THE EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION
Estimating stress-strength reliability of the form P(Y < X < Z) is a pivotal concern in reliability analysis, particularly when systems are subjected to both lower and upper stress limits. This paper investigates the reliability measure under the assumption that the stress variables Y and Z, as well as the strength variable X, follow exponential distributions. The analysis is conducted using both complete samples and right-censored samples to reflect realistic data collection scenarios. To improve estimation efficiency, we propose several shrinkage estimators based on distinct strategies: a constant shrinkage weight factor, a modified Thompson-type shrinkage weight, and the formulation introduced by Mehta and Srinivasan (1971). The performance of these estimators is evaluated via extensive Monte Carlo simulations and compared against the conventional maximum likelihood estimator, demonstrating the relative merits and limitations of each approach. ARF India, Gurgaon, India. -
Robust Estimation for P[Y
Reliability analysis is critical in measuring the effectiveness and detecting the weakness or mode of failure of other systems in various sectors such as engineering, healthcare, and social science. Stress-strength reliability is the measure of the reliability of a component; that is, the likelihood of a given strength being more significant than the applied stress so that the component will perform the intended function satisfactorily. In the present paper, we are concerned with the estimation of stress-strength reliability R=P[Y -
Long-term adaptation study of bacterial isolates of plant growth-promoting bacteria in heat-stressed conditions
In many bacterial species, there is still a lack of comprehensive research and characterization of the basic mechanisms behind bacterial adaptation. Furthermore, it's still unclear if prokaryotes can learn by association and adaptation. Since Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) are essential to the preservation of plant physiology and growth across a range of stress scenarios, PGPB can be utilized to analyze this adaptation of bacteria under stress. This study examines the initial findings on adaptive flexibility in PGPB under conditions of heat stress. The performance of the isolated PGPB receiving both periodic and non-periodic heat stress was compared to that of the control group. Characteristics such as ammonia and siderophore production, phosphate utilization, and amount of indole-3-acetic acid produced, as well as antioxidant activities like DPPH activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity were analysed. Following heat stress treatment, it was clear from the isolated PGPB that those under periodic stress were able to outperform the PGPB exposed to non-periodic stress in comparison to the control. When compared to the other isolates in our investigation, the two novel strains of Paenibacillus alvei SJ6 and Paenibacillus alvei SJ8, among the four isolated PGPB have demonstrated the greatest capacity to respond to sporadic heat stress. Therefore, preliminary evidence for the existence of history-dependent adaptation has been examined in this work. (2026), (University of Food Technologies Plovdiv). All rights reserved. -
Changing trend in the programming pattern happening in Malayalam television channels due to FDI /
Malayalam television industry is unique in its own way and stand out for its unique elements from the other television industries in India. The researcher has tried to analyze the changing trend in the programing happening in Malayalam television channels due to the foreign direct investment happening in the industry. -
A Systematic Survey of Happiness from an Analytical Perspective
The paper is a survey paper that talks about studies around happiness. We have surveyed papers about the scales of measuring happiness, in which the scales are proposed, demonstrated and examined. Happiness is affected by various factors, which can be called indicators of happiness. Some of the papers we reviewed validate the significance of such indicators with applications. The indicators include inflation, unemployment, health, loneliness, and sports. Modern technology helps researchers estimate and forecast happiness and effectively find the relation between factors affecting happiness. Researchers use different methodologies to study happiness. The data used in the papers were retrieved from surveys and existing Happiness Report, designed surveys appropriate for the study. Models were proposed for forecasting happiness using Machine Learning and Neural Networks. From the reviews, we identify research gaps in the area for future work. This paper gives an overview of the studies around the area of happiness from an analytical approach. 2022 IEEE. -
AI-driven decision-making and optimization in modern agriculture sectors
AI-driven decision-making tools have emerged as a novel technology poised to replace traditional agricultural practices. In this chapter, AI's pivotal role in steering the agricultural sector towards sustainability is highlighted, primarily through the utilization of AI techniques such as robotics, deep learning, the internet of things, image processing, and more. This chapter offers insights into the application of AI techniques in various functional areas of agriculture, including weed management, crop management, and soil management. Additionally, it underlines both the challenges and advantages presented by AIdriven applications in agriculture. In conclusion, the potential of AI in agriculture is vast, but it faces various impediments that, when properly identified and addressed, can expand its scope. This chapter serves as a valuable resource for government authorities, policymakers, and scientists seeking to explore the untapped potential of AI's significance in agriculture. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved.