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Some properties of star-perfect graphs
For a finite simple graph G = (V, E), ?s(G) denotes the minimum number of induced stars contained in G such that the union of their vertex sets is V (G), and ?s(G) denotes the maximum number of vertices in G such that no two are contained in the same induced star of G. We call the graph G star-perfect if ?s(H) = ?s(H), for every induced subgraph H of G. We prove here that no cycle in a star-perfect graph has crossing chords and star-perfect graphs are planar. Also we present a few properties of star perfect graphs. 2026 Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. -
Health and Habitat: Rights of Sundarbans Tribals in Flood Risk Context
The Sundarbans region is home to diverse tribal communities facing significant health challenges exacerbated by flood hazards and wetland dynamics. Bridging health and habitat, this study explores the right to health for Sundarbans tribals through geostatistical insights. The correlation between environmental factors and health outcomes is critical, as these communities rely on wetlands for their livelihoods. Flooding not only disrupts access to essential resources but also increases vulnerability to waterborne diseases. By employing geostatistical methods, researchers can map flood- prone areas and wetland changes, facilitating proactive health interventions. This holistic approach underscores the need for policies that integrate environmental sustainability with healthcare access, ensuring that tribal populations can secure their right to health amidst changing climate conditions. Addressing these intertwined issues is vital for enhancing resilience and improving overall well- being in the Sundarbans. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Ecological contexts to environmental challenges: An overview of foundations and applications
Ecological contexts provide a critical framework for understanding the intricate relationships between living organisms and their environments. This encompasses a variety of foundational principles, from biodiversity and ecosystems to the dynamics of biogeochemical cycles. Understanding these contexts is essential to address pressing environmental challenges such as climate change, habitat loss, and pollution. By applying ecological concepts, researchers can analyze how species interactions, energy flow, and nutrient cycling contribute to ecosystem health and resilience. Moreover, ecological contexts offer valuable insights into sustainable practices and conservation strategies. Integrated approaches combining ecological knowledge with technological advancements can mitigate the effects of anthropogenic pressures. Therefore, an understanding of ecological contexts is vital for addressing contemporary environmental issues, fostering a balanced relationship between human activities and natural systems. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Legal protection and rights of tribals of Sundarbans: Addressing health impacts and climate change resilience
The Sundarbans are home to diverse tribal communities whose rights and health are increasingly threatened by climate change and environmental degradation. Legal protection for these communities is essential to safeguard their rights, culture, and access to resources. The recognition of their land rights is crucial, as displacement due to rising sea levels and extreme weather events disrupts their traditional livelihoods. Legal frameworks must incorporate indigenous knowledge and practices to enhance resilience against climate impacts. Health services need to be tailored to reflect the environmental realities faced by Sundarbans tribals, including increased incidence of waterborne diseases and mental health issues linked to climate anxiety. Strengthening community involvement in decision-making processes, along with access to legal recourse, can empower tribals to advocate for their needs. Collaborative efforts between local governments, NGOs, and tribal leaders can foster sustainable development while preserving the unique cultural heritage of the Sundarbans. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Safeguarding tribal rights in the Sundarbans: Navigating health challenges, indigenous wisdom, and paths to sustainable development
The Sundarbans is home to diverse indigenous communities whose rights and well-being are increasingly threatened by health challenges and climate change. Traditional practices of health and agriculture, passed down through generations, offer invaluable insights into maintaining ecological balance and combating emerging health issues. Indigenous communities possess extensive knowledge about local flora and fauna, which can enhance nutritional security and disease resistance. It is crucial to involve tribal leaders and members in discussions to ensure their rights are prioritized. Furthermore, integration of modern healthcare services with indigenous healing practices can create a more robust health framework. Collaborative efforts between governmental and non-governmental organizations can facilitate awareness campaigns. By navigating these challenges together, it is possible to create sustainable paths forward that honor the wisdom of the indigenous peoples of the Sundarbans while fostering their health and development. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Role of AI in revolutionizing clinical care
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is significantly reshaping clinical care, driving advancements in diagnostics, treatment, and patient management. With its ability to analyze vast amounts of data rapidly, AI is transforming how healthcare professionals approach patient care, thereby improving outcomes and operational efficiency. One of the primary roles of AI in clinical care is enhancing diagnostic precision. Furthermore, AI-driven chatbots and virtual health assistants are revolutionizing patient engagement and support. These tools provide instant responses to health inquiries, manage appointment scheduling, and offer reminders for medication, which fosters adherence and ensures that patients remain informed about their health journey. Lastly, AI's role in streamlining administrative processes cannot be overstated. Automating routine tasks such as billing and data entry allows healthcare professionals to focus more on patient care rather than administrative burdens. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Legitimacy and Public Perception of Private Higher Education Institutions
This chapter examines how legitimacy shapes the status, credibility, and societal value of private higher education institutions (PEIs) across Asia. Despite significant growth, PEIs often face entrenched stigma linked to colonial hierarchies, media narratives, and regulatory frameworks that privilege public universities. Drawing on institutional legitimacy theory, the chapter analyses how regulatory, normative, pragmatic, and symbolic forms of legitimacy influence public trust, student choice, and policy treatment. Case studies from Singapore, Malaysia, India, and Vietnam illustrate diverse strategies used by PEIs to strengthen legitimacy, including employer engagement, branding, alumni visibility, accreditation, and mission-led identity work. The chapter argues that legitimacy must be reclaimed through purpose, inclusion, transparency, and demonstrable educational value, rather than mimicry of public sector norms. Copyright 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global Scientific Publishing is prohibited. Use of this chapter to train generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is expressly prohibited. The publisher reserves all rights to license its use for generative AI training and machine learning model development. -
Embracing change: Understanding climate changes and diversity challenges
Embracing change in the context of climate change and diversity challenges is crucial for fostering resilience and promoting sustainability. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and sea-level rise are not just environmental issues; they amplify social inequities and economic disparities, disproportionately affecting marginalized communities. Addressing these challenges requires a commitment to environmental sustainability and the integration of diverse perspectives. Additionally, fostering cultural diversity enhances our collective knowledge and adaptive capacity, allowing for innovative solutions rooted in varied experiences and traditions. Governments and organizations must collaborate to create adaptive policies that prioritize resilience, equity, and inclusivity. Embracing change means recognizing the interconnectedness of climate issues and social dynamics, ultimately fostering a holistic approach to create a sustainable and equitable future for all. By understanding these challenges, we can navigate the complexities of change and emerge stronger together. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
The impact of remote experimentation on student engagement
The transition to remote experimentation, accelerated by global challenges such as the COVID- 19 pandemic, has significantly reshaped the landscape of education, particularly in science and engineering disciplines. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of interactive elements in online environments, which can enhance engagement levels by fostering collaborative learning and active participation. The results reveal a nuanced relationship between remote experimentation and student engagement, with implications for instructional design. By identifying best practices for integrating remote experimentation into curricula, this research provides valuable insights for educators aiming to optimize student learning outcomes in an increasingly digital educational landscape. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the need for a balanced approach that combines the benefits of remote experimentation with strategies to maintain the essential hands- on elements of traditional laboratory experiences. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
The Importance of Digital Literacy in Early Childhood Education
Digital literacy in early childhood education equips children with essential skills for learning, communication, and problem solving in a connected world. From tablets to interactive whiteboards, guided experiences help young learners navigate digital tools safely and ethically. Early exposure supports literacy development by offering multimedia stories, phonics apps, and collaborative games that reinforce memory and attention. Importantly, teachers integrate digital literacy with social-emotional learning, teaching young children how to share, take turns, and manage screen time. Families engaged in this work create consistent routines that bridge home and school, reinforcing concepts like searching for information, evaluating sources, and respecting others online. By embedding digital literacy in play and inquiry, schools prepare students for future classrooms, careers, and civic participation, while safeguarding well-being and creativity. This foundation supports lifelong learning, adaptability, and responsible innovation. Copyright 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global Scientific Publishing is prohibited. Use of this chapter to train generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is expressly prohibited. The publisher reserves all rights to license its use for generative AI training and machine learning model development. -
Foundations of Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks for Inclusive Higher Education
Foundations for inclusive higher education rest on integrating theories of equity, social justice, and universal design for learning. Theoretical frames illuminate how power, identity, and access shape student experiences, while conceptual models translate these insights into practice. Critical pedagogy emphasizes learner agency and emancipatory aims, challenging deficit narratives that constrain participation. Inclusive frameworks also draw on social constructivism, recognizing knowledge as co- constructed in diverse communities. Intersectionality illuminates how multiple identities interact to influence barriers, supports, and outcomes. Accessibility and accommodation converge to create adaptable curricula, assessments, and environments that reduce exclusion. Empirical and normative strands guide policy development, institutional change, and accountability measures. Ethical considerations center on respect for autonomy, privacy, and the dignity of every learner. Implementation requires leadership, collaborative governance, professional development, and datainformed adjustment. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
The Importance of Oceans in Achieving Global Sustainability
Oceans regulate climate, support fisheries, and drive trade, yet they face pressures from pollution, warming, and overexploitation. Their vast ecosystems absorb carbon, stabilize weather, and provide habitats for countless species. Healthy seas underpin food security by supporting billions of people who rely on seafood for protein and livelihoods. Coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrasses buffer coastlines, protecting communities from storms and erosion while sustaining tourism and recreation. Ocean governance, science- based management, and regional cooperation are essential to curb illegal harvesting, reduce bycatch, and improve marine protected areas. Transitioning to sustainable fisheries, clean energy, and circular waste systems can relieve stress on marine habitats. Restoring coastal habitats enhances biodiversity, supports nutrient cycles, and sequesters carbon. Public awareness, equitable access to resources, and inclusive decision- making turn scientific insight into practical, long- term benefits for all nations. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Digital Transformation in Response to Health Crises
Digital transformation has emerged as a pivotal force in healthcare, particularly during health crises like the COVID- 19 pandemic. As traditional systems faced unprecedented challenges, the rapid adoption of digital solutions became essential for ensuring patient care continuity and safety. Telemedicine surged, enabling remote consultations and reducing the burden on healthcare facilities. Electronic health records (EHRs) were optimized for better data sharing, facilitating coordinated responses among care teams. Wearable health technology gained traction, empowering individuals to monitor their health in real- time. Furthermore, data analytics and AI played crucial roles in predicting outbreaks and personalizing treatment plans. The shift towards a more digital- first approach not only addressed immediate needs but also laid the groundwork for a more resilient healthcare system. Stakeholders now recognize that embracing technology is critical for future- proofing healthcare against potential crises, enhancing overall healthcare delivery, and improving patient outcomes. Copyright 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
AI-Driven Policy Frameworks and Decision Support Systems for Invasive Species Management and Biodiversity Conservation
Invasive species pose significant threats to biodiversity and ecosystem health. AI-driven policy frameworks and decision support systems can enhance invasive species management and biodiversity conservation efforts. By integrating machine learning algorithms and big data analysis, these systems provide real-time insights, enabling stakeholders to make informed decisions quickly. AI can identify patterns in species distribution, predict invasion potential, and assess ecological impacts. Additionally, these tools facilitate collaboration among policymakers, scientists, and conservationists, ensuring that strategies are evidence-based and tailored to local contexts. Effective implementation requires considering socio-economic factors and stakeholder engagement. As climate change continues to alter ecosystems, AI-driven systems can adapt to new challenges, promoting resilience. By harnessing technology, we can develop proactive strategies that balance human interests with ecological health, ultimately leading to sustainable environmental management. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Fostering Growth and Prosperity Through Sustainable Resource Management and Environmental Conservation: Co-Creating Economic Transformation via Enterprise, Narratives, and Systematic Design
Sustainable resource management and environmental conservation are essential for fostering economic growth and long-term prosperity. By adopting eco-friendly practices, businesses can minimize ecological impacts while maximizing resource efficiency. This approach not only ensures a healthier planet but also drives innovation and opens new markets. Collaborating with local communities and stakeholders promotes shared narratives that highlight the importance of sustainability, creating a collective vision for the future. Systematic design principles can guide enterprises in implementing sustainable solutions, enhancing their competitive edge. As organizations co-create impactful strategies, they contribute to an economic transformation that aligns profit with purpose. Ultimately, by embracing sustainability, we can nurture ecosystems, empower communities, and create resilient economies that thrive. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Investigating Funding Inequities, Resource Allocation, and Institutional Biases Impacting Marginalized K- 12 Students
Investigating funding inequities in K- 12 education reveals how resource allocation and institutional biases disproportionately affect marginalized students. Many schools serving low- income and minority populations often receive significantly fewer financial resources than their wealthier counterparts. This stark disparity not only imcts the quality of education but also limits access to essential programs and support services. Additionally, institutional biases, both implicit and explicit, can further exacerbate these inequities, influencing decisions related to student discipline, curricular offerings, and support services. It is crucial to analyze how these systemic issues perpetuate cycles of disadvantage, affecting student achievement and overall well- being. Efforts focused on reforming funding formulas, enhancing community engagement, and promoting equitable practices within schools must be foundational to ensuring all students have the opportunity to thrive academically.. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Enhancing Well- Being in the Digital Age in the VUCA and BANI World
In today's VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, Ambiguous) and BANI (Brittle, Anxious, Nonlinear, Incomprehensible) reality, enhancing well-being in the digital age is crucial. Digital technology can both support and hinder mental health, making it essential to cultivate a balanced approach. Encouraging digital detoxes and mindfulness practices can reduce stress and promote emotional resilience. Leveraging online communities for support fosters connection, but awareness of the potential for digital addiction remains essential. Tools like mental health apps can provide resources, yet they should complement real-life interactions to ensure authenticity. Emphasizing digital literacy empowers individuals to navigate information critically, enhancing decision-making regarding their mental and emotional health. Finally, organizations must prioritize employee well-being by implementing flexible work arrangements, promoting open communication, and providing mental health resources. By consciously shaping our digital environments, we can enhance well-being and thrive in this complex world. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
The Impact of 6G Technology on Environmental Ecosystems and Human Life
The advent of 6G technology promises significant advancements that could reshape environmental ecosystems and human life. By providing ultra-low latency and immense bandwidth, 6G will enhance smart cities, supporting efficient energy management and reducing carbon footprints. The integration of AI-driven solutions may optimize resource use, facilitating sustainable practices across industries. Moreover, 6G will enable remote monitoring of ecosystems, allowing for real-time data collection on biodiversity and environmental health. This connectivity can drive conservation efforts, enabling swift responses to ecological threats. However, the increased energy consumption associated with 6G infrastructure raises concerns about sustainability. Balancing technological advancement with ecological stewardship will be essential, as society navigates the complexities of pervasive connectivity. Ultimately, the responsible development and deployment of 6G can foster a harmonious coexistence between technology, nature, and humanity. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without written permission from the publisher. -
AI and Data Science: Transforming the Education Landscape
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Data Science are revolutionizing the education landscape by providing innovative solutions for personalized learning, assessment, and administration. AI algorithms analyze vast amounts of educational data to identify student learning patterns, enabling tailored learning experiences that cater to individual needs. With predictive analytics, educators can identify at-risk students early, allowing for timely intervention and support. Moreover, AI-powered tools help streamline administrative tasks, freeing up teachers to focus more on instruction and less on paperwork. Data science also enables institutions to assess curricular effectiveness, ensuring continuous improvement of programs. As AI technologies evolve, they hold the potential to create a more engaging, adaptive, and efficient learning environment for all students, regardless of their backgrounds. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
An introduction to design-based research
Design-Based Research (DBR) is an innovative methodology aimed at bridging the gap between theory and practice in educational settings. It emphasizes the iterative design and testing of interventions or educational innovations in real-world contexts, allowing researchers to collaboratively address complex problems in teaching and learning. Unlike traditional research methods that often focus solely on experimental or statistical analyses, DBR fosters a collaborative environment where educators, researchers, and stakeholders jointly engage in the design process. One of the core principles of DBR is its focus on understanding and enhancing learning processes, rather than merely measuring outcomes. By prioritizing collaboration and context, DBR offers valuable insights that can lead to scalable and impactful educational practices. Ultimately,Design-Based Research serves as a powerful tool for educators and researchers looking to innovate within the complex landscape of education, fostering a deeper understanding of how design can enhance learning experiences. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing.