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QSPR Analysis On Octane Isomers Using Degree-Based Topological Indices?
Octane isomers are structures with the chemical formula C8H18. Despite having the same formula, they have variations in the way their atoms are arranged, leading to differences in their chemical and physical properties. In this paper, we conduct a QSPR analysis on various isomers of octane, focusing on specific degree-based topological indices. In QSPR studies, these measures, known as topological indices, are helpful in understanding and quantifying the biological effects of chemical compounds. We specifically look at how certain properties of octane, such as complexity, acentric factor, standard enthalpy of vaporization, entropy, and enthalpy of vaporization, are connected to these topological indices. Our research provides valuable insights into how these indices can predict the behavior of octane isomers, contributing to a better overall understanding of their properties. 2024, Tsing Hua University. All rights reserved. -
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QSRP Studies of Chemical Compunds Using Topological Indices
In this study, we explore the intersection of graph theory and chemistry, focusing on how graph theory s principles can model molecular structures and predict their physiochemical properties. Specifcally, it applies topological indices (mathematical descriptors) derived from the graph-theoretic representation of molecules to establish quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR) for octane isomers and polychlorobiphenyls. The investigation encompasses 30 topological indices, including the Harary, Wiener, Zagreb, and connectivity indices, and assesses their correlation with key physiochemical properties. Through rigorous analysis, the study successfully develops QSPR models capable of predicting properties like BP, HVAP, DHVAP, HFORM, AcenFac, TSA, and RRT signifcantly advancing newlinethe predictive accuracy of chemical properties. The study of inverse problems about topological indices and QSPR is a testament to the interdisciplinary nature of modern scientifc research, bridging gaps between mathematics, chemistry, and computer science. Inverse problems in graph theory newlinehold a special place due to their capacity to address fundamental questions about the structure and behavior of graphs based on given properties. They are often more complex and challenging than direct problems. The study of inverse problems in our research contributes to the theoretical foundations of chemical graph theory by characterizing trees and unicyclic graphs with specifc topological indices and oand#64256;ering novel insights into the inverse problem for Zagreb indices. The newlineinclusion of Python programs for calculating various topological indices further bridges theoretical chemistry with practical application, highlighting the thesis s newlineaim to enhance both the efciency and accuracy of predicting chemical compound properties. This work not only demonstrates the profound impact of graph theory on chemical informatics but also opens new avenues for research in the feld. -
Quad-band SIW antenna with micro-pocket enabled frequency-agile design for 5G/6G IoT applications
A single polarized substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity supported self-quadruplexing antenna, designed for 5G/6G IoT applications is proposed and prototyped. The model is backed by a rectangular substrate integrated waveguide (RSIW) cavity and features four resonating patches excited separately through four different 50? feed lines. The antenna center frequencies are obtained at 3.29GHz, 4.47GHz, 5.85GHz, and 7.07GHz. Additionally, the cavity is engineered with four sets of micro pockets beneath the patches which can be filled with different materials to offer frequency-agile response. The operating frequencies can be tuned over a wide range between 3.29GHz and 8.4GHz as per the required targets. The layout of the model is chosen meticulously to ensure all ports are co-polarized and isolation between any two is better than 32 dB. The proposed antenna design exhibits competitive performances with a compact size of 0.09 ?g, Front-To-Back-Ratio (FTBR) above 17.83 dB and peak gain of 7.6 dBi. Importantly, all ports are single polarized for the first time in their class. The performance is validated by an equivalent circuit model and prototype characterization. The proposed antenna specifications and configurations well suit for future high-end applications like IoT/5G/6G/satellite communications. The Author(s) 2026. -
Quadratic convection on the radiative flow of ternary nanofluid Gr-Ag-TiO2-H2O subjected to velocity slip and temperature jump
This paper deals with the analysis of the flow and heat transfer performance of ternary nanofluid flowing past a stretching sheet under the influence of quadratic convection. The ternary nanofluid is formed by suspending three dierent nanoparticles, namely, titanium dioxide (TiO2), silver (Ag) and graphene (Gr) in the base fluid water (H2O). Thus, the ternary nanofluid obtained is Gr-Ag-TiO2/H2O where the hybrid nanofluid Ag-TiO2/H2O forms the base fluid for the resulting ternary nanofluid. The addition of TiO2 nanoparticles enhances the photocatalytic nature of the base fluid and makes it useful in various applications concerning the medicinal field. The presence of Gr helps in intensifying the thermal conductivity of water while the suspension of silver nanoparticles ensures chemical stability. Meanwhile, the thermophysical properties of the ternary nanofluid are mathematically defined and the system of equations that describe the flow of a ternary nanofluid past a stretching sheet is framed using dierential equations. The outcomes of this study are interpreted through graphs for velocity and temperature profiles of the ternary nanofluid. It was mainly observed that the thermal conductance of ternary nanofluid was higher than the monophase and hybrid nanofluid. Also, the presence of quadratic convection had a prominent impact on the ternary nanofluid flow. The Nusselt number was found to be greater for spherical nanoparticles and it was found to be least for blade-shaped nanoparticles. 2024 World Scientific. All rights reserved. -
Quadratic convective flow of radiated nano-Jeffrey liquid subject to multiple convective conditions and Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion
A nonlinear flow of Jeffrey liquid with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux is investigated in the presence of nanoparticles. The features of thermophoretic and Brownian movement are retained. The effects of nonlinear radiation, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), and convective conditions are accounted. The conversion of governing equations into ordinary differential equations is prepared via stretching transformations. The consequent equations are solved using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) method. Impacts of physical constraints on the liquid velocity, the temperature, and the nanoparticle volume fraction are analyzed through graphical illustrations. It is established that the velocity of the liquid and its associated boundary layer width increase with the mixed convection parameter and the Deborah number. 2018, Shanghai University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. -
Quadratic convective transport of Cu-Al2O3 hybrid nanoliquid with Hall current, variable suction, and exponential heat source
The time-dependent slip flow and heat transport of the Cu-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid through a vertical permeable plate with Hall current and variable suction is investigated. An exponential heat source and quadratic convection effects are considered. The dimensionless governing equations are solved analytically using the regular perturbation method. The graph of variation of the different flow fields with respect to the distance from the plate is drawn for the analysis. It is established that the exponential heat source aspect increased the temperature profile while the quadratic convection aspect decreased the temperature profile. The applied magnetic field and nonlinear convection aspects reduce the axial velocity field. The quadratic convection and exponential space-dependent heat source phenomena are favorable to friction factors. Furthermore, the global heat transfer is increased in the presence of an exponential space dependent heat source and hybrid nanoparticles. 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. -
Quadratic convective transport of dusty Casson and dusty Carreau fluids past a stretched surface with nonlinear thermal radiation, convective condition and non-uniform heat source/sink
Here, the nonlinear convective transport of non-Newtonian fluids embedded with dust particles over a stretched surface is investigated. The silent features of non-Newtonian fluid are considered by Casson and Carreau fluid models. The heat transfer mechanism involves the influences of a magnetic dipole, nonlinear radiative heat and non-uniform heat source/sink. The convective condition is also retained at the boundary. The non-linear partial differential equations that model the transport phenomenon was transformed, non-dimensionalized and parameterized. The subsequent boundary value problems were computed numerically for distinct pertinent parameters using RungeKutta based shooting techniques. The present results are validated with the existing literature by direct comparison. The heat transfer rate in Casson/Carreau fluid phase is significantly higher than that of dust phase. 2019 Elsevier B.V. -
Qualitative and quantitative test of digital micromirror device for next generation UV multi-object spectroscopy
The coming decade in astronomy focuses on large wide field imaging and spectroscopic surveys. No wide field imaging facility extends to the UV region, which represents an important window into a wide variety of astrophysical problems. Also, spectroscopy would be essential to understand the physical and chemical properties of several stars, star forming regions and galaxies. Multi object spectroscopy (MOS) would be an efficient way to obtain these parameters for a large number of objects at a much shorter timescale. Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) acts as a programmable slit mask and can be used to achieve this goal in an MOS. This paper discusses different ground tests conducted on DMD to be used for the above said application. Numerical simulations for the diffraction effects on DMD is also carried out and the results are shared in this paper. 2020 SPIE -
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Quality and Security Assurance Workload Scheduling in Heterogeneous Cloud Environment
The adoption of cloud computing has transformed how businesses manage their workloads, offering flexibility and efficiency. This study introduces a novel model that leverages trust mechanisms to ensure secure workload execution within heterogeneous cloud environments. The primary objective of this research was to enhance efficiency by reducing both time and energy consumption associated with executing workloads. The proposed model's efficacy was assessed through the examination of Montage and Inspiral workloads. The evaluation encompassed two smaller tasks from both Montage and Inspiral workloads, in addition to one larger task. To gauge performance, a comparative analysis was conducted between the proposed model and established models such as Energy Minimized Scheduling (EMS), Efficient Replanning (ERP), and Evolutionary Computing Workload Scheduling (EC-WSC). The findings reveal that the proposed model outperforms the existing models in terms of mitigating both time and energy expenditure for the considered workloads. 2023 IEEE. -
Quality assurance in big data analytics: An IoT perspective
Emergence of IoT as one of the key data contributors in a big data application has presented new data quality challenges and has necessitated for an IoT inclusive data validation ecosystem. Standardized data quality approaches and frameworks are available for data obtained for a variety of sources like data warehouses, webblogs, social media, etc. in a big data application. Since IoT data differs significantly from other data, challenges in ensuring the quality of this data are also different and thus a specially designed IoT data testing layer paves its way in. In this paper, we present a detailed review of existing data quality assurance practices used in big data applications. We highlight the requirement for IoT data quality assurance in the existing framework and propose an additional data testing layer for IoT. The data quality aspects and possible implementation models for quality assurance contained in the proposed layer can be used to construct a concrete set of guidelines for IoT data quality assurance. 2019 Telecommunications Society and Academic Mind. -
Quality Education for All in Asia-Pacific Countries: Research Insights, Reflections and Initiatives on SDG-4
Providing a comprehensive overview and analysis of the implementation status of Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG-4) in Asia-Pacific countries, Quality Education for All in Asia-Pacific Countries provides a timely update on steps taken to achieve the 2030 goal of inclusive and equitable quality education for all. The targeted regions for analysis include notable countries such as India, South Korea, Japan, Australia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. Chapter authors from each region delve into the period from 2015 to 2023 and present a thorough examination of policy initiatives designed to enhance the quality of education. Beyond the regional boundaries, each chapter sheds light on the global scenario of SDG-4 implementation, especially in the global south. This global awareness will contribute to international efforts and collaborations in achieving the UN-SDGs, and assist developing and developed countries in understanding the specific actions taken by these nations to improve the quality of education. In addition to reporting the current status of SDG-4 in Asia Pacific countries, chapters include awareness modules to highlight key aspects, lists of best practices adopted by these countries, attention to challenges faced by Asia-Pacific nations in implementing SDG-4 and forward-looking strategies for continued progress. 2026 G S Prakasha, Miki Sugimura, John Joseph Puthenkalam, and Joseph Chacko Chennattuserry. -
Quality Efficacy Issues in Mangoes: Decoding Retailers Supply Chain
This research article tries to uncover the elements and compelling reasons causing supply chain inefficacy concerning low quality at the retailer level of the mangoes supply chain in Karnataka. The descriptive research approach was used in work. The research was conducted in the biggest mango-producing areas of Karnataka. Factors were discovered by factor analysis. A systematic questionnaire was used to determine how much the mango sector may improve supply chain efficacy. Contingent on the factor analysis, four variables for low quality were identified: functional difficulties, knowledge, Manpower, and resources. It was also discovered that the functional component is the compelling factor causing supply chain inefficacy. The study is confined to the retailer level of the Mango supply chain, focusing on four Mango-producing districts in Karnataka. Furthermore, the measures for the key causes under each aspect causing hindrances in supply chain efficiency in terms of quality have been discovered. There is a scarcity of materials to enhance the supply chain efficiency of merchants in Indias mango business. This research attempted to address a literature gap and help practitioners improve the mango supply chain in underdeveloped nations. This paper also serves the 2nd goal, Zero Hunger, End starvation, improve food security and nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture of sustainable development. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. 2024. -
Quality enhanced framework through integration of blockchain with supply chain management
Recently, there has been significant growth in the consumption of the most widely diversified Internet of Things (IoT) technological knowledge, and devices, which has resulted in an impact on not only electrical items and the agricultural and food industries (Agri-Food) supply chain networks. This has sparked intense curiosity about the development of information sharing that is reliable, traceable, and transparent, and also increased significant research and advancement efforts. Existing IoT-based trace & authenticity methods for agri-food distribution networks are constructed on top of centralized architectures, which creates the potential for significant issues such as data security, manipulation, and standard points of weakness. A creative and scraping methodological approach to implementing decentralized trust-free networks is represented by blockchain technologies, the decentralized blockchain technologies that underpin cryptocurrencies. The fault tolerance, data integrity, visibility, and complete tracing of saved transactional data, along with cohesive digital information of property resources and independent transactions implementations, are in fact features built into this digitalization. This study introduces Agri-BlockIoT, a completely decentralized blockchain-based traceable platform for managing a global agro-food distribution network that can seamlessly connect IoT systems that produce and consume digital information all along the distribution chain. We implemented a use caseto achieve transparency and traceability. Lastly, we analyzed and contrasted the implementations' capability in terms of delay, CPU, or network utilization. 2022 The Authors -
Quality of Drinking Water and Sanitation in India
Wide disparity exists in access to drinking water across social groups in rural and urban India. This article shows that the economically weaker sections or the lower quintile class does not have access to water within the premises both in rural and urban areas. This indicates that low income or wealth would mean poor access to basic amenities for households. Similarly, access to toilets and incidence of open defaecation reflect social disparities. The regression results show that an increase in the household income increases the predicted probability of maintaining an exclusive latrine. Further, compared to the General Category, the Scheduled Castes and Other Backward Classes have a lower probability of constructing an exclusive latrine facility, in the rural and urban areas. 2021 Institute for Human Development. -
Quality of life of children and adolescents living with HIV in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) encounters compromised health and well-being especially in developing countries. Understanding the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of CALHIV living in India is vital in planning and developing comprehensive care approach. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to explore and examine the HRQOL of CALHIV in India. Five electronic databases were searched, retrieving 2,729 citations with a final eight studies that met the inclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. The included studies predominantly evaluated quality of life using the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory, with a mean self-reported HRQOL score of 77.62 (95% CI 72.9182.34, I 2 = 93%). HRQOL of CALHIV observed to be better than other chronically ill children. However, CALHIV demonstrated lower HRQOL than the matched general population. Younger age children and boys reported better HRQOL. Poor socio-economic status, immunological status and advanced clinical stages noted to be adversely affecting HRQOL. HRQOL of children reared in institutional care reported to better or in par with family reared children. The review highlights the sparse evidence investigating the HRQOL of children with HIV in India, and the need for further well-designed studies in this population. A population-specific holistic-care approach recommended to be benefiting the well-being of CALHIV. 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Quality of Life of Indian Youth during 3rd Year of COVID-19 Pandemic
COVID-19 adversely impacted the overall well-being of the youth like others. Perceived Quality of Life (QoL) is one of the determinants of the effective involvement of youth in their studies and career success. No Indian study reported on the QoL of youth. Given this background, the present study attempted to examine the perceived QoL of Indian Youth during 3rd year of COVID-19 pandemic and its association with their background, perceived stress, worries, online teaching mode and physical activities. Seven hypotheses were formulated for verification. Data were collected using a specially designed Structured Questionnaire and WHO QoL Questionnaire after ascertaining the face validity. A group of 334 youth aged between 21-24 participated in the online study (Mean age: 22.51; SD: 2.154). Findings disclosed that the overall QoL of 19.16% (64/334) of youth was poor, while it was average for 19.16% (64/334) and high for 20.7% (69/334) youth. However, male and female youth differed significantly with respect to physical QoL only (p < 0.000). The youth who perceived stress from attending continuous online classes and staying at home had lower scores in all four domains of QoL (p < 0.001). The findings also confirmed an association between worries about future careers and catching COVID-19 and QoL. The effectiveness of the online teaching mode and clarification of queries were positively associated with QoL (p < 0.001). Interestingly, social support from family members and friends and physical exercise were found to be stress relieving and reflected in overall improved QoL (p < 0.001). The study's findings talk about promoting physical activities and introducing institution-based mental health support facilities for the youth who lack support facilities. The Author(s) 2025. -
Quality of Life: An Interdisciplinary Perspective
Quality of Life: An Interdisciplinary Perspective presents the Quality of Life using a contemporary and interdisciplinary approach. Various socio-cultural, spiritual, technological, and human factors aspects, which have an immense bearing on our lives, are an integral part of this book. This book highlights cultural differences in terms of Quality of Life. It recognizes the presence of cultural differences resulting from the social status attributed to an individuals age, gender, class, race, and ethnicity. It can be used as a guide in the field of global well-being and for future research. It presents clues to complex problems and empirical materials, and attempts to bring out a more comprehensive picture of global and contemporary Quality of Life and well-being. This book can also fill a gap in teaching and research. Those who will find this book useful are researchers, academicians, practitioners, and students of management, behavioral science, human factors, psychology, health economics, sociology, public health, and politics. 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.