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Business Forecasting and Error Handling Using AI
Business forecasting is the technique of accurately predicting the future of a business and outcomes using historical data and present trends. To evaluate historical data and find patterns, trends, and other elements that might be used to forecast future events, a variety of analytical tools and techniques are used. Business forecasting is a crucial component of strategic planning because it enables businesses to foresee market changes, spot possible risks and opportunities that may arise in the future, and make wise resource allocation and investment decisions. Businesses that use effective business forecasting can plan and carry out their programs that help them stay competitive, expand their operations, and meet their objectives. According to Glueck [1], Forecasting is a formal process of predicting future events that will significantly affect the functioning of an enterprise.. 2024 Sachi Nandan Mohanty, Preethi Nanjundan and Tejaswini Kar. -
BUSINESS ETHICS COURSE AND ETHICAL SENSITIVITY AMONG BUDDING MANAGEMENT GRADUATES
The effectiveness of ethics education in developing ethically sensitive corporate leaders is a much debated subject. In the absence of much documented research on this topic in the Indian context, this study explores the question can business schools make any impact in enhancing the ethical sensitivity of the budding management graduates. Along with this primary hypothesis, the impact of variables such as type of schooling, academic achievement and gender is also analysed. The study is conducted on 259 graduate students from 5 business schools in Bangalore. A 20 scenario questionnaire is used to measure the ethical sensitivity score. Statistical tools like ANOVA, t-test and Pearsons coefficient of correlation are used to analyse the data. To the question how effective business ethics education in enhancing ethical sensitivity, the study found that the impact is limited. The outcome of business ethics is limited to improvement in the awareness of certain ethical issues. It does not influence the personal value orientations or inclinations to compromise ethics for self- interests and monetary benefits. This finding goes along with some of the similar researches done in other countries. The research also found that the personal values of students were developed at a young age and had been influenced by the type of school of their primary education. Students who have studied in religious affiliated schools have expressed greater ethical sensitivity compared to students studied in private or government schools for their early education. Another finding of this research challenges some of the earlier observations that academically achieving students exhibit higher sensitivity to ethical issues. The present study revealed no correlation between students academic achievements and ethical sensitivity. It reiterates the importance of providing holistic education than single-minded pursuit of academic excellence. The question whether one gender is superior to the other in ethical orientations is a well-researched topic, though most of such studies are done in the west. The current study in Indian context reinforces the outcome of the majority of researches which state that women tend to be more ethical than men. This study challenges the business schools to rethink the content and process of teaching business ethics to make it effective in developing the ethical quotient of future business leaders. Pedagogy that integrates critical reflection of personal values and ethical choices is recommended to make a difference. A greater sense of responsibility from the part of primary education providers and a holistic approach to education than mere pursuit of academic excellence are some of the other suggestions for introspection emerging from this research. -
Business and Society: A Symbiotic Relationship
Business can be a for-profit, not-for-profit or hybrid organization. But all these businesses focus on the satisfaction of their stakeholders. Although many businesses adopt a limited perspective of their stakeholders, focusing primarily on the interests of their investors, customers and, in some cases, their employees, it is a fact that the long-term sustainability of any business will depend on its contributions to the society. The long-term objective of all businesses is to serve and support the society and contribute to the socioeconomic development of their people. Therefore, this chapter presents a comprehensive review of the relationship between business and society, with special reference to the three main types of businesses: commercial businesses, social enterprises and non-governmental organizations. As in the case of biological systems, the relationship between business and society may be characterized predominantly by one of the three types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism, commensalism and parasitism. However, the successful co-existence of business and society, in the long run, would depend on the degree of mutualism in their relationship. 2024 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. -
Business and Environmental Perspectives of Submarine Cables in Global Market
If an individual uses any of the social media networking sites, such as Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter and the like, a subsea cable is involved there. Submarine cables are considered as critical global communications infrastructure. These cables are used by various telecom providers and content provider companies such as Google, Facebook, and Microsoft to provide seamless transmission of data for their services. Growing internet users and increasing internet traffic for various social media sites is the major reason for the growth of this market. Submarine cables enable data services such as the email, internet banking, social media networking, search engines and all other aspects related to internet that are taken for granted in daily life. These submarine cables scales up the ubiquity of cloud computing and builds digitization of activities. Undersea cable network is the new economic trade route and acts a commodity in Information age. This paper reviews the business and environmental impacts of submarine cables in the global market. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020. -
Burnout Among Academicians: a Review of Antecedent and Protective Factors of Burnout in University Teaching Faculties
The producers and intermediaries of knowledge are teachers. In addition to their teaching duties, faculty have another responsibility to generate new knowledge through scientific research. Teaching faculties in such a multi-tasking environment may feel equally stressed in their job as those in other highly demanding roles. Such unaddressed work-related stresses would at times increase burnout among faculty members. Hence, it is a pressing need to understand the causes of burnout among teaching staff. This systematic review aims to provide evidence-based recommendations to all stakeholders in education by summarising the academic publications on the determinants of academic burnout. In addition, the study also aimed to identify protective factors against burnout among university teaching faculties. To achieve this goal, a literature search was conducted using the PRISMA-P 2015 methodology, encompassing studies of empirical research published between January 2010 and October 2025. The search yielded 2,731 records, of which 24 studies were selected after undergoing several rounds of screening to meet the study criteria. Based on the results, excessive workloads, pressure to publish, lack of support, low pay, and negative cognitive styles were identified as key risk factors for academic burnout. Protective variables such as strong individual qualities, perceived supervisor support, psychological capital, and self-efficacy were frequently identified as effective in reducing burnout. This concludes that there are complex interrelationships between institutional stressors and personal susceptibility that contribute to academic burnout among university faculty members. The findings provide valuable information for policymakers, teachers, and researchers who are struggling to reconcile the requirement to publish with the duty to teach in modern institutions of higher learning. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
Bulirsch-Stoer computations for bioconvective magnetized nanomaterial flow subjected to convective thermal heating and Stefan blowing: a revised Buongiorno model for theranostic applications
Theranostics is a novel procedure that integrates therapy and diagnosis in a single platform. For its application in theranostic and photothermal therapy for melanoma skin cancer, the hydromagnetic bioconvective flow of a nanomaterial over a lengthening surface is investigated. Realistic nanomaterial modeling is achieved by incorporating passive control of the nanoparticles at the boundary. The impact of the Newtonian heating and Stefan blowing constraints are also accounted. Apposite transformations are employed and then transmuted nonlinear ODEs are resolved using the Bulirsch-Stoer and Newton-Raphson methods. The influence of Stefan blowing parameter (Formula presented.), the magnetic field parameter (Formula presented.), and the Biot number (Formula presented.) on the heat transfer rate has been scrutinized and optimized utilizing the response surface methodology (RSM). The sensitivity of heat transport rate is computed. It is found that the Newtonian thermal condition intensifies the nanomaterial temperature that serves asa crucial role in the termination of cancerous cells or tumors. The maximum drag coefficient is experienced for the insignificant intensity of the magnetic field and Stefan blowing. Further, the heat transfer rate is maximum when the Stefan blowing and Biot numbers are at a high level and the Hartmann number is at a low level. 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Building Trustworthy 6G Networks with Generative Adversarial Learning
The imminent dawn of sixth-generation (6G) networks promises a future of unparalleled connectivity and communication speeds. However, this technological leap necessitates robust security measures to counter increasingly sophisticated cyberthreats targeting the intricate 6G infrastructure. This chapter investigates the potential of Generative Adversarial Learning (GALs) as a transformative tool for building trustworthy 6G networks. With the advent of 6G networks on the horizon, ensuring trustworthiness in communication systems becomes paramount. This chapter proposes a novel approach leveraging GAL to fortify the security and reliability of 6G networks. In traditional network security paradigms, adversaries exploit vulnerabilities, necessitating constant reactive measures. However, the proactive nature of GANs enables the creation of realistic synthetic data to train robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). By simulating diverse attack scenarios, a GAN-based IDS can identify and adapt to emerging threats, mitigating potential risks in real time. Moreover, GANs facilitate the generation of synthetic network traffic, enabling thorough testing of network defenses without risking actual data. Taking a proactive stance enables network operators to predict and preempt potential vulnerabilities before they are exploited. Our solution involves harnessing the power of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to address 6G network security comprehensively. GANs create authentic network traffic, allowing IDS to be trained effectively in identifying and mitigating actual cyberthreats. Moreover, GANs can learn to discern typical network patterns, thus alerting to potential anomalies that may signify ongoing or imminent attacks. This proactive strategy empowers security teams to maintain an edge in navigating the constantly evolving cyberthreat landscape. 2026 selection and editorial matter, E. Chandra Blessie, Pethuru Raj, and B. Sundaravadivazhagan; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Building trust in policing: challenges and strategy; [Construindo confian no polia: desafios e estratia]
In recent years, trust has gained significant importance when discussing the evolution of policing. This shift in focus has been acknowledged by scholars, policymakers, and law enforcement officials who are responsible for ensuring public safety. Unlike the traditional emphasis on crime reduction, there is now a shared recognition that building trust is a fundamental objective in the relationship between policing agencies and the communities they serve. This article discusses three commonly employed methods by policing agencies and their personnel to enhance public trust in the police: policy changes, police training, and citizen oversight boards. Further, it focuses to a less conventional avenue for change, which involves re-evaluating the laws enforced by the police. To achieve meaningful transformation within the police system, it is necessary not only to modify how officers perform their duties but also to examine and potentially revise the laws they are obligated to enforce. 2024 Centro Universitario de Brasilia. All rights reserved. -
Building Trust and Fostering Collaborations Through Community Policing: Insights from India and the Global Perspective
A novel approach to law enforcement, community policing places a strong emphasis on policecommunity cooperation to maintain safety, settle disputes, and foster trust. Community policing has been especially effective in India in tackling complicated social issues including gender-based violence, communal conflicts, and the grievances of marginalised people. Programmes such as the Mohalla Committees in Maharashtra and the Janamaithri Suraksha Project in Kerala are prime examples of grassroots efforts that place an emphasis on cooperation and communication between the public and law enforcement agencies. Globally, community policing models from the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan demonstrate how flexible it is in various sociocultural contexts. The Koban system in Japan and the Neighbourhood Policing model in the United Kingdom are renowned for promoting trust through proactive problem-solving, increased transparency, and the integration of law enforcement with local communities. With police officers acting as community allies in addition to executing the law, these approaches place an emphasis on reciprocal accountability. Nonetheless, issues such as a lack of resources, opposition to reform in police agencies, and possible politicisation still exist. Global success stories provide valuable insights into the significance of consistent training, incorporating under-represented perspectives, and utilising technology to improve community involvement. The potential of community policing to change antagonistic policecommunity dynamics into cooperative ones is examined in this research. The study highlights the importance of trust-building as a pillar of efficient law enforcement and inclusive governance by looking at Indian initiatives and learning from global experiences, opening the door to safer and more cohesive societies. 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Building the Cities of Tomorrow: Pathways to Inclusive, Safe, Resilient, and Sustainable Urban Futures
The study offers an outline for supporting inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable urban futures, directing on Indian cities in an international setting. It familiarises three interconnected tools: the Urban Sustainability Integration Model (USIM), the Global Sustainability Transferability Index (GSTI), and the Policy Gap Map (PGM). USIM assesses urban performance in inclusivity, safety, resilience, sustainability, and heritage conservation. GSTI observes the flexibility of global best practices like Barcelonas superblocks or Medells Metrocables to Indian settings by evaluating governance, socio-economic, technological, and cultural factors. PGM recognises misalignments between policy goals and implementation, particularly in relative to SDG 11. Case studies of Mysuru, Bengaluru, Kochi, Tokyo, Curitiba, and Kigali reveal that Indian cities lag in sustainability, with gaps in inclusivity, climate adaptability, and governance. The study offers an analytical, benchmarking, and flexible toolkit for policymakers. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Building Sustainable Brands: Strategies for Long- Term Market Positioning
Sustainable branding has grown significantly as consumers increasingly favor companies demonstrating genuine commitment to environmental and social responsibility. This article explores strategies for building sustainable brands that can achievelong- term market positioning and differentiation. It outlines key approaches, including crafting a value proposition centered on sustainability, engaging stakeholders across the value chain, and communicating sustainability efforts with transparency and authenticity. The article underscores how these strategies contribute to enhanced brand equity, customer loyalty, and competitive advantage in a marketwhere ethical considerations drive consumer behavior. By examining successful case studies, the article provides actionable insights for businesses looking to integrate sustainability into their core brand strategy. Ultimately, it argues that sustainable branding is not only crucial for meeting contemporary consumer expectations and fostering positive social impact ensuring that brands remain relevant and resilient in an evolving marketplace. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Building Smarter Systems with Advanced Computational Techniques
The biological data analysis is a key approach that uses the genetic, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, or clinical data to discover diseases. Diabetes and leukemia are two independent medical disorders, but research has found that people with type 2 diabetes have a 20% higher chance of developing blood malignancies such as acute leukemia, showing a link between the two. Early identification of these disorders by studying biological datasets is critical for providing prognostic information. However, the class imbalance and high dimensionality problems in Machine Learning (ML)based techniques have often degraded effective analysis of clinical and genomic datasets for disease detection. This paper focuses on developing an efficient clinical decision support system using advanced metaheuristic and ML algorithms to solve class imbalance and high dimensionality problems. The first stage of the proposed approach utilizes an optional data augmentation and another pre-processing method for outlier detection and removal using Modified Z-Score (MZS) based on the Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) metric. Then, the optimal features/genes are selected using a hybrid Firefly Pearson's Correlation Coefficient (FPCC)-based Feature/Gene Selection method to reduce the higher feature dimensionality problem. Once the features/genes are selected, the proposed Ladybug Beetle Optimized Universum Learning-based Twin Boosted Adaptive Support Vector Machine (LBO-ULTBASVM) classifier detects the disease with reduced model complexity and error rates. LBO-ULTBASVM is developed by improving the Twin Support Vector Machine (TSVM) classifier by integrating the Universum Learning, Ladybug Beetle Optimization (LBO), and XGBoost for solving the class imbalance problem, reducing training time and improving disease accuracy. Experiments are conducted using PIMA Indians Diabetes and GSE9476 Leukemia datasets and the outcomes indicated that the LBO-ULTBASVM-based model increases the diabetes and leukemia detection accuracy with reduced model complexity and processing time. 2025 IEEE. -
Building smart cities applications using IOT and cloud-based architectures /
Patent Number: 202141058954, Applicant: A Narasima Venkatesh.The idea of a Smart City features the need to upgrade the quality, interconnection, and execution of different metropolitan administrations with the utilization of data and correspondence advancements (ICT). Savvy City advances advance cloud-based furthermore Internet of Things (IoT) based administrations in which genuine world UIs use cell phones, sensors and RFIDs. -
Building Robust FinTech Applications and Reducing Strain on Strategic Data Centers using the LoTus Model
Agile is a well-known project management approach that has been used for many years. It places a strong emphasis on client satisfaction, adaptability, and teamwork. Agile was first developed as a software development approach, but it has now been modified for application in other sectors including marketing and finance. The Agile Manifesto, which was released in 2001 and explains the principles and ideals of Agile development, is the foundation of the Agile ideology. One or more of the guiding principles is to adapt to change instead of following a plan, prioritize functional software over thorough documentation, and collaborate with customers over negotiating contracts. Agile has gained popularity over time as businesses try to be adaptable and responsive to their customers' constantly changing business demands. The lack of predictability in Agile is one of its key drawbacks. Agile stresses client cooperation and adaptation, therefore the finished product could differ somewhat from what was originally planned. For businesses that depend on meticulous planning and a rigid schedule, this lack of predictability can be problematic. It faced a serious problem during the process of building a finance application called JazzFinance. This has led to build another robust and systematic software development method called as LoTus model. The proposed LoTus is an acronym for two abbreviations. Those are lean optimization TypeFace for Unified Systems (LoTus) and Locate dependencies, optimize for reusability, Test-Driven environment, Unify Design and Scalability. This article goes through the development of LoTus and how it has helped us build a stable finance application within a small amount of stipulated time. 2023 IEEE. -
Building Resilient Portfolios: Integrating Climate and Environmental Risks into Portfolio Diversification Strategies in the Modern Era
In the modern era, integrating climate and environmental risks into portfolio diversification is crucial for building resilient investment strategies. This chapter explores strategies for building resilient investment portfolios by integrating climate and environmental risks into portfolio diversification strategies. It aims to provide a comprehensive framework for balancing financial returns with sustainable, long-term environmental goals in the context of the modern investment landscape. The chapter reviews innovative financial instruments, such as green bonds and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) strategies, and examines case studies of successful integration within both developed and emerging markets. The chapter finds that incorporating climate and environmental risks into portfolio strategies not only enhances resilience but also presents new opportunities for sustainable growth. Successful approaches include active engagement with ESG criteria, the use of environmental risk assessments, and the adoption of climate-aware investment products. The chapter faces limitations in the availability of ESG data across markets, which affects the generalization of research outcomes. Future studies need to establish advanced mathematical models for better assessing environmental hazards during portfolio spread assessment. For investors and portfolio managers, the research provides actionable insights into integrating climate and environmental considerations into their strategies. It recommends adopting robust risk management tools, enhancing transparency in ESG reporting, and fostering collaboration with policymakers to create a more climateresilient financial ecosystem. It is valuable for investors, financial institutions, and policymakers seeking to adapt to the challenges of a rapidly changing climate while ensuring sustainable economic growth. 2026 Afzalur Rahman, Shakeb Akhtar, Mahfooz Alam, and Mohsin Khan and 2026 The authors. -
Building resilient and sustainable operations through cloud security
With the evolution of the digital era, organizations are increasingly employing cloud computing for enhanced scalability, operational effectiveness, and innovation. With this rapid evolution in cloud technology comes vulnerability to advanced and dynamic cybersecurity threats for enterprises. This chapter discusses the idea of cloud security intelligence (CSI) as a strategic method for developing sustainable and resilient cloud operations. CSI employs state-of-the-art technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), real-time monitoring, and automation for threat detection, investigation, and threat management proactively. The chapter discusses the very essence of CSI, i.e., collecting data, threat detection, incident response, and ubiquitous monitoring, and reflects how CSI contributes to regulatory compliance, business resilience, cost reduction, and sustainability of the environment. Through real-life instances of CSI deployment in healthcare, finance, and e-commerce spaces, the chapter illustrates the paradigm-breaking function of CSI in the organizational security stance. Furthermore, it brushes upon current issues of CSI deployment and maps future directions involving AI, blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), and quantum-safe encryption. Last but not least, CSI also offers itself not merely as a technical solution but as a strategic enabler of secure, compliant, and sustainable digital realms. 2026 selection and editorial matter, Jossy George, Kamal Upreti, Ramesh Chandra Poonia, Ankit Gautam, and Danish Nadeem; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Building resilient and sustainable operations through cloud security
With the evolution of the digital era, organizations are increasingly employing cloud computing for enhanced scalability, operational effectiveness, and innovation. With this rapid evolution in cloud technology comes vulnerability to advanced and dynamic cybersecurity threats for enterprises. This chapter discusses the idea of cloud security intelligence (CSI) as a strategic method for developing sustainable and resilient cloud operations. CSI employs state-of-the-art technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), real-time monitoring, and automation for threat detection, investigation, and threat management proactively. The chapter discusses the very essence of CSI, i.e., collecting data, threat detection, incident response, and ubiquitous monitoring, and reflects how CSI contributes to regulatory compliance, business resilience, cost reduction, and sustainability of the environment. Through real-life instances of CSI deployment in healthcare, finance, and e-commerce spaces, the chapter illustrates the paradigm-breaking function of CSI in the organizational security stance. Furthermore, it brushes upon current issues of CSI deployment and maps future directions involving AI, blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), and quantum-safe encryption. Last but not least, CSI also offers itself not merely as a technical solution but as a strategic enabler of secure, compliant, and sustainable digital realms. 2026 selection and editorial matter, Jossy George, Kamal Upreti, Ramesh Chandra Poonia, Ankit Gautam, and Danish Nadeem; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Building Resilience Through Flexibility to Mitigate Pandemic Disruption: A SAPLAP Analysis of Textile and Clothing Supply Chain
Global organisations are increasingly emphasising efficiency in their supply chain activities. However, amidst the post-COVID-19 pandemic landscape, supply chain resilience is becoming imperative for mitigating disruptions, and ensuring uninterrupted production and delivery of goods and services. This is more true for textile and clothing supply chains which have their activities present across the globe and therefore susceptible to pandemic disruptions. This research attempts to advance the discourse on supply chain resilience by highlighting the ambidextrous role of flexibility and how it strengthens robustness as well as agility. The study employs the SAP-LAP framework (situation, actor, process; learning, action, performance) and views it through the lenses of Contingency Theory and Dynamic Capability Theory to formulate reactive and proactive strategies for supply chain resilience. The research reveals key elements of situation, actors, processes, learning, and actions for enhancing resilience performance in the textile and clothing supply chains. The results underscore the enormous significance of flexibility as a precursor for creating flexible procurement, agility, operational manoeuvrability, product diversification, and risk management culture in the supply chain. By intertwining flexibility with resilience and underpinning it with organisational theories, this study contributes to the broader discourse on supply chain disruption risk management. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Global Institute of Flexible Systems Management 2025. -
Building Partnerships and Networks for Collaborative Practice-Led Research Initiatives
This chapter delves into the strategic development of partnerships and networks aimed at enhancing collaborative practice-led research initiatives. It underscores the significance of these collaborations in fostering professional development across various disciplines. By analyzing successful models and theoretical frameworks, the chapter provides actionable insights for building and maintaining effective partnerships that drive innovation and professional growth. It also addresses critical challenges such as organizational culture differences, misaligned goals, and communication barriers, offering practical solutions for sustaining long-term collaborations and ensuring continuous improvement. The insights presented are grounded in rigorous academic research and aim to guide practitioners and researchers in creating impactful and sustainable collaborative networks. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Building inclusive workplace: Enhancing safety, security, and service quality to address workplace discrimination
This chapter examines the link between inclusivity, anti- discrimination efforts, and organizational performance through a study of IT employees from Northeast India, revealing workplace discrimination like racial stereotyping and exclusion. Such biases cause emotional distress, hinder career growth, and lower morale. Organizations must implement zero- tolerance policies, clear grievance mechanisms, and meritbased promotions to ensure fairness. Cross- cultural training fosters respect, breaks stereotypes, and strengthens team cohesion. Inclusive workplaces drive innovation, creativity, and productivity. Employees who feel valued contribute more effectively to organizational success. A holistic diversity strategy requires proactive leadership and continuous monitoring. Inclusivity is both an ethical imperative and a strategic asset for sustainable growth. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.