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Safeguarding the future through the prevention of cybercrime in the quantum computing era
Quantum computing is an emerging field that holds great promise for solving complex problems at an unprecedented speed by harnessing the principles of quantum mechanics. However, this disruptive technology also introduces new challenges, particularly in the realm of cybersecurity. Quantum computing can lead to cyberattacks such as cryptographic attacks, data breaches, blockchain vulnerabilities, social engineering, and phishing attacks. It is important to note that, at present, these risks are largely theoretical, as practical, large-scale quantum computers capable of breaking current cryptographic systems are not yet available. However, it is crucial for researchers, organisations, and policymakers to anticipate and address these potential threats in advance by developing quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithms, improving security protocols, and raising awareness about the evolving landscape of cyberthreats in the quantum computing era. There is a need for preparing safeguard measures form the quantum threat by investing in quantum-safe technologies, training cybersecurity professionals in quantum-resistant techniques, and fostering collaboration among industry, academia, and government entities. As quantum computing progresses, the landscape of cybercrime is expected to evolve, necessitating the development of robust laws to mitigate potential threats. The chapter aims at understanding the intersection of quantum computing and cybercrime, highlighting the potential implications and risks associated with quantum advancements in the context of cybersecurity. The chapter also emphasises the need for proactive measures and policies to mitigate the risks posed by quantum computing to cybersecurity. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Keshav Kumar and Bishwajeet Kumar Pandey; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Blockchain Technology in Financial Sector and Its Legal Implications
The blockchain technology has reached the tipping point. Blockchain is a zero-level technology on different applications such as crypto, smart contract, tokens, and DAO function. The applications of blockchain technology have generated new paradigms posing significant challenges to the world. Although blockchain technology is evolving and is in its nascent stage, the financial world has started relying upon it and is heavily investing in blockchain applications. In such a scenario, there is every possibility of its being misused and used for illicit purposes like money laundering, hacking, privacy breach, Ponzi investment scheme, terrorist financing, etc. Keeping this in view, this paper aims to explore how blockchain technology is used in the financial sector and analyse the legal implications thereof. For this, the chapter will explain what blockchain technology is, how it is being applied in the financial sector, need for regulation, and lastly, draw conclusions and suggest a few corrective measures. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Blockchain and Green Finance: The Way Forward
A disruptive digital force is altering business paradigms and increasing relevance around the world. Blockchain technology is attracting significant interest in India from a variety of businesses. As the range of uses for blockchain technology expands, industry leaders are adopting and modifying it to suit a variety of use cases. In 2016, adoption of blockchain technology gathered significant momentum in India. In a variety of use cases, many banks and commercial conglomerates have experimented with blockchain technology. Although blockchain technology is still in its infancy, Bitcointhe most well-known use casehas taken off very successfully in India, with several Bitcoin exchanges and wallets spreading throughout the nation. The regulatory organizations are establishing working groups to understand and monitor the development of blockchain technology in India after realizing the potential of the technology. Blockchain is used in green bonds, asset tokenization, carbon credit trading, and transparent reporting. One of the real-life examples is IBM and Veridium Labs, which have worked on a blockchain-based initiative to tokenize carbon credits. The purpose is to improve the efficiency and transparency of carbon trading. Veridium coins represent verified carbon credits, and blockchain secures the credits integrity and traceability. Recently the State Bank of India (SBI) has shown a growing interest in green finance and green bonds. The chapter investigates blockchain applications in the field of green finance. It addresses how blockchain-enabled green asset tokenization might boost liquidity and accessibility for investors, allowing a broader pool of participants to participate in sustainable investments. The article investigates the impact of DeFi platforms in supporting green lending and borrowing, hence lowering reliance on traditional financial intermediaries. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Sukanta Kumar Baral, Richa Goel, Tilottama Singh, and Rakesh Kumar; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Blockchain and IoT Integration for Financial Sector Revolution
The Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming the globe. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) speaks about the use of Internet of Things (IoT) concepts and technology in industrial environments. The financial industry has long traded in the things that areintangible, from once-tangible but now-less-tangible items like stock certificates and even money itself. The Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologythat offer and storedata aboutthings mighthave direct influence on how financial services institutions operate their businesses. The Financial Industry is adopting IoT for fast and effective transactions. The invention of disruptive technology like blockchain, which is a decentralized, unchangeable ledger makes tracking assets and record transactions easier. Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is based on the peer-to-peer idea that eliminates intermediaries from the system. It is possible to establish smart contracts, which will do away with the need for any middlemen. Due to the IoTs broad application and dispersed nature, security and privacy are the primary concerns in the financial sector. Blockchain is essential for IoT applications where data security and privacy are top priorities. Blockchain can secure data and keep the transactions private. IoT enhances business opportunities and offers firms a competitive edge in both established and developing industries. It has an impact on every aspect of technology, including the methods used to gather data and the locations, timings, and purposes for doing so. Since this data must be safeguarded, we need a standard blockchain-oriented architecture for IoT applications. The data generated by the financial industry is crucial because it establishes future market trends and preserves data on consumer and investor investments. Financial data is vulnerable to assaults and needs to be protected. This paper explores the need for regulations and policy in this area and attempts to understand how blockchain technology can be used to overcome barriers to IoT adoption in the financial sector. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Blockchain application on healthcare services in metaverse
The convergence of blockchain technology and the metaverse is ushering in a transformative era for healthcare services. From telemedicine to health records management, the authors delve into the innovative applications and the potential benefits for patients and providers in this blockchain-powered metaverse of health. Blockchain technology can establish trust in virtual healthcare encounters. They examine the secure sharing of health data, verifiable credentials, and decentralized patient control. Virtual clinics in the metaverse can provide patients with a realistic setting for medical consultations. Counterfeit medications endanger patient safety significantly. There are certain challenges such as privacy and security, scalability, digital divide, user acceptance etc. This study explores how blockchain ensures data security, patient privacy, and interoperability within virtual healthcare settings. Healthcare in the metaverse represents a futuristic and innovative approach to delivering and managing healthcare services within immersive digital environments. 2024, IGI Global. -
Safeguarding the future through the prevention of cybercrime in the quantum computing era
Quantum computing is an emerging field that holds great promise for solving complex problems at an unprecedented speed by harnessing the principles of quantum mechanics. However, this disruptive technology also introduces new challenges, particularly in the realm of cybersecurity. Quantum computing can lead to cyberattacks such as cryptographic attacks, data breaches, blockchain vulnerabilities, social engineering, and phishing attacks. It is important to note that, at present, these risks are largely theoretical, as practical, large-scale quantum computers capable of breaking current cryptographic systems are not yet available. However, it is crucial for researchers, organisations, and policymakers to anticipate and address these potential threats in advance by developing quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithms, improving security protocols, and raising awareness about the evolving landscape of cyberthreats in the quantum computing era. There is a need for preparing safeguard measures form the quantum threat by investing in quantum-safe technologies, training cybersecurity professionals in quantum-resistant techniques, and fostering collaboration among industry, academia, and government entities. As quantum computing progresses, the landscape of cybercrime is expected to evolve, necessitating the development of robust laws to mitigate potential threats. The chapter aims at understanding the intersection of quantum computing and cybercrime, highlighting the potential implications and risks associated with quantum advancements in the context of cybersecurity. The chapter also emphasises the need for proactive measures and policies to mitigate the risks posed by quantum computing to cybersecurity. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Keshav Kumar and Bishwajeet Kumar Pandey; individual chapters, the contributors. -
IoT Security with Blockchain Technology in the Financial Sector
Blockchain technology is to create immutable device IDs to stop identity faking whereas Internet of Things (IoT) is used in payment automation and to create smart payment systems. Both are evolving technologies, and their integration offers promising results in financial sector across the globe. Their combination holds a great deal of potential and is going to represent the next generation of smart finance technologies. But the major weaknesses that are present in IoT technologies includes those related to data security, privacy, device authentication, secure communication, and smart contract administration. This chapter focuses on the use of blockchain networks to regulate access and improve security in financial transactions, boost automation and improve efficiency of IoT applications. Blockchain and IoT integration in the financial industry provides a pathway to a more integrated, efficient, and secure financial environment. The chapter discusses the advantages of integrating IoT and Blockchain technologies in the financial sector and the challenges in its applications, and the regulatory mechanism thereof. 2025 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Non invasive methods of blood glucose measurement: Survey, challenges, scope
Noninvasive body parameters monitoring and disease detection is one of the emerging research area now a days. In this paper a review on Non-invasive methods of blood glucose measurement has been made. A comparative study has been made which describes the methodology incorporated in the published literatures, research challenges and the used tools. This paper also describes about the factors which highly impacts the non-invasive measurement. Finally, a deep learning based noninvasive measurement method compatible with IOT is mentioned. This paper serves as a proper reference for future researchers working in non-invasive blood glucose measurement domain in selecting appropriate non-invasive method algorithm for glucose monitoring non-invasively. 2019 Bharati Vidyapeeth, New Delhi. Copy Right in Bulk will be transferred to IEEE by Bharati Vidyapeeth. -
Analysis of Human Physiological Parameters Using Real-Time HRV Estimation from Acquired ECG Signals
The overall healthiness of the heart can be computed from Electrocardiogram. The healthiness of the heart depends on several lifestyle parameters, like as- stress, sleeping pattern, smoking habit etc. In this paper, an algorithm to determine Heart Rate Variability from the acquired ECG signal on a real-time basis is presented. Impacts of above-stated lifestyle parameters on cardiac health using Heart Rate Variability analysis are also computed. ECG signal gets contaminated with different sources of noises while acquisition. Multi-rate FIR Impulse Filter is used for de-noising of the acquired signal. Heart Rate Variability analysis and real-time plotting are done on de-noised output for accurate feature extraction. A simple robust hardware realizable algorithm was developed for analyzing obtained HRV to state different health conditions of the heart. 2019 IEEE. -
Design and Analysis of Conformal Antenna for Wearable Devices
This paper presents the design, modeling, and bending analysis of a conformal antenna operating at 2.4 GHz for wearable devices. The antenna's performance was evaluated using HFSS, focusing on return loss, geometry optimization, and bending effects. The optimal resonant frequency of 2.4 GHz was achieved for a patch length (Lp) of 41.78 mm and a width (Wp) of 50.20 mm, achieving a return loss of -34.94 dB and an impedance of 53.5 ohms. The antenna's width had minimal impact on the resonant frequency. When optimized on a Teflon substrate without bending, the antenna demonstrated excellent resonance and impedance matching, with a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of 1.63 at 2.4 GHz, indicating minimal reflection. The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns were analyzed at 2.4 GHz, showing a peak gain of 7.38 dB at a theta angle of 0 degrees. Bending analysis revealed that increased bending causes a negative shift in the resonance frequency and affects impedance matching. The proposed antenna is flexible, low-cost, and suitable for wearable medical devices and other applications in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, with return loss, VSWR, radiation pattern, and impedance results all within acceptable ranges. 2025 IEEE. -
Catalytic Conversion of 2- Methyl Phenol to Salicylaldehyde Using Manganese-Oxide Doped Cellulose-Derived Carbon Spheres
In this study, we report on the hydrothermal synthesis of MnOx-anchored carbon spheres as an effective catalyst. A new method is employed to prepare carbon spheres from cellulose. Using a solvent-free process, the prepared catalyst is used to convert o-cresol to salicylaldehyde. Methods including XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FE-SEM, EDS mapping, and HR-TEM are used to examine the structural and morphological characteristics of the catalyst. It is confirmed from the BET analysis that doping with MnOx increases the surface area of the carbon spheres. At standard atmospheric pressure, the conversion of o-cresol to salicylaldehyde is highly selective due to the enhanced surface area and active sites of MnOx-doped carbon spheres. Under atmospheric pressure, the MnOx/CS catalysts show excellent efficiency, yielding 96% salicylaldehyde in under 1 h. This study underscores the feasibility of using MnOx-doped carbon spheres as a robust catalyst for the controlled oxidation of o-cresol. The results show that the catalyst has a great deal of activity and effectiveness, as well as being cheap and reusable, which greatly increases its potential for real-world catalytic applications. 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Detection of earnings manipulation in financial reports: a data-driven approach
Earnings manipulation attracts attention from both industry and academia as detection of earnings manipulation helps them to invest wisely rather than based on falsified financial statements. This paper discusses a process through which earnings manipulators can be identified. This can help shareholders to detect companies who made modifications to their financial statements. Earlier researchers developed many mathematical models to identify earnings manipulators. However, their works require an in-depth understanding of financial ratios and accounting principles. The advancement of data-driven algorithms has now brought comparable machine learning detection techniques into the picture, wherein data scientists can use historical data to detect earnings manipulators. This paper discusses the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) for detecting manipulations in the dataset. Copyright 2025 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Bridging Financial and Operational Gaps in Supply Chain Finance: An Information Processing Theory Perspective
This paper explores the integration of financial and operational flows in Supply Chain Finance (SCF) through the lens of Information Processing Theory (IPT). Despite increasing adoption of SCF solutions like reverse factoring and trade credit, existing literature lacks a unified theoretical framework that captures both financial and organizational complexities. Drawing from 47 peer-reviewed articles in leading supply chain journals, this study identifies key SCF dimensionstask characteristics, environment, and interdependenceas primary sources of uncertainty and information processing needs. It then examines how IT systems, coordination mechanisms, and organizational design enhance processing capacity, enabling firms to build SCF capabilities such as risk assessment, supplier onboarding, and financial process standardization. These capabilities facilitate financial supply chain integration through data connectivity, embedded flows, and collaborative planning. The study contributes a comprehensive conceptual model that connects SCF uncertainties, processing strategies, and performance outcomes, addressing theoretical and managerial gaps. It further provides a foundation for future empirical research and strategic design of SCF systems to enhance supply chain resilience and financial efficiency. 2025 by the authors. -
A Study on Labeling Problems in Signed Graphs
A signed graph can be considered as a weighted graph G; that is, edges of G have been given the weights + and and#8722;. We discuss two ways to assign signs to the vertices of a line signed graph of a signed graph, namely S-marking and Canonical marking (C-marking) of L(S). We characterize signed graphs whose line signed graphs are S-cordial or total S-cordial provided the vertices of L(S) receive signs through S-marking. Also, we characterize signed graphs whose line signed graphs are C-cordial or total C-cordial provided the vertices of L(S) receive signs through C-marking. Signed graphs can be eand#64256;ectively used to model relationships and individual preferences toward one another. To represent this scenario we defne a signed graph from a given graph. The colors of the vertices can be used to represent individuals or sets, and the signs on the edges of the graph represent the relationship between them. So, we defne two labelings of a properly colored graph, namely parity labeling of a properly colored graph and product labeling of a properly colored graph. newlineThe parity labeling of a properly colored graph G under and#967;(G) colors is defned by assigning the sign of the edge of G as + if the colors on the adjacent vertices of that edge are both even or both odd, and#8722; otherwise. The obtained signed graph is known as parity colored signed graph of a graph. We characterize signed graphs which admit parity coloring. We also characterized signed graphs whose line signed graphs admit parity coloring. We initiate the study on parity labeling of a properly colored graph and the chromatic rna number of a graph. Also, we defne product labeling of a properly colored graph. The product labeling of a properly colored graph G under and#967;(G) colors is defned by assigning the sign of the edge of G as + if the color of one of the incident vertex of that edge is even, and#8722; otherwise. The obtained signed graph is known as color product signed graph of a graph. We characterize signed graphs which admit color product coloring. -
Influence of hydrothermal synthesis conditions on lattice defects in cerium oxide
Cerium oxide makes one of the most promising materials for chemical transformations in environmental and energy applications. Herein, the influence of hydrothermal conditions on the physico-chemical characteristics of cerium oxide prepared from salt solution via ammonia precipitation is analyzed. The systems are well characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD analysis, photoluminescence spectra, Raman spectra, TPR study. and XPS analysis. Normal aqueous conditions lead to particles of size ~8 ?nm, with truncated octahedral geometry, closer to spheroid shape (RT-Ce) bound by {111} and {100} planes. Elevated temperature facilitated preferential exposed {100} plane bounded cubic ceria structures of size ~15 ?nm (HT-Ce), which are stabilized by more number of anion vacancies. Low temperature synthesis yielded smaller sized particles with less crystallinity and higher surface area, when compared to hydrothermal route. Lattice defects, represented in terms of Ce3+ ions and associated lattice oxygen vacancies are seen in higher amounts in ceria synthesised via hydrothermal path, as supported by various characterization results. CeO2 achieved via hydrothermal path exhibited higher catalytic oxidation activity, which is examined using a model oxidation reaction, vis., CO oxidation. The enhanced activity of HT-Ce is explained through the defect structure induced facile redox shift in the system. 2021 Elsevier Inc. -
Patriarchy and Wifehood: A Feminist Reading of One Part Woman and Singarevva and the Palace
Marriage is a socially approved relationship between a man and a woman that binds each other into a permanent, official relation of husband and wife. In a patriarchal culture, the husbands personify dominance and liberty, whereas the wives are expected to be the epitome of fidelity, fecundity and chastity. In the Indian context, the intense devotion of wives towards their husbands defines married women as pativratas. The present study intends to analyze the various aspects that contribute to and shape the formation of the identity of a wife in a marital space through Ponna and Singarevva, the female protagonists of the novels One Part Woman and Singarevva and the Palace, respectively. The paper demonstrates how these female protagonists identity as wives gets suppressed over a period of time and how they succeed in reconstructing their identities, sailing against all odds stacked against them. The paper views these issues through the feminist theoretical lens. 2024 IUP. All Rights Reserved. -
Job search methods in the software industry in Bangalore: Does social capital matter? /
The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol.61, Issue 4, pp.681-699, ISSN No: 0971-7927. -
Gender Differences in Social Capital and Job Search Methods in the Information Technology Industry in Bangalore
The Indian Journal of Economics Vol. 55, No. 3, pp 501-917, ISSN No. 0971-7927 -
An Adaptive Cluster based Vehicular Routing Protocol for Secure Communication
In todays scenario, Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is one of the modern fields in vehicle communication; it includes a large number of nodes that can be changed arbitrarily with the ability to link or exit the system anytime. Moreover, it has various complexities because of the attacks model in the transmission and communication channel. Besides, most of the attacks are known as black hole attack and wormhole attack. The presence of these attacks causes large damage in the data broadcasting region that ends in data drops or collapses. To defeat these problems, a novel Clustered Vehicle Location protocol for Hybrid Krill Herd and Bat Optimization (CVL-HKH-BO) technique is proposed. Thus, the proposed mechanism of hybrid krill herd and bat optimization is to detect and prevent attacks based on the fitness function. Moreover, secure communication can be enhanced by the proposed technique. Consequently, the solution to energy consumption and packet delay issues are solved using the CVL protocol. The projected strategy is implemented in the Network simulator (Ns-2) platform, and the outcomes show the node energy, overload and delay are minimized by increasing the quantity of packets transmitted in the network. Sequentially, the proposed technique is compared with existing techniques in terms of throughput, packet loss, delay time and data broadcasting ratio. Therefore, the duration of the node can be enhanced and can attain high energy capable data transmission. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Small signal stability in a Microgrid using PSO based Battery storage system
This papers covers, modelling and analysis of a small microgrid with Battery Storage System (BSS). A sample microgrid is considered, it is analyzed for small signal stability, with and without BSS. Voltage, frequency and current THD which are considered to be the major attributes of stability in a microgrid, the behavior of these attributes is observed with and without BSS. The Battery storage system is connected to the considered microgrid through PV array, using PSO algorithm, which improves the stability of the system. Simulation is carried out using MATAB/ Simulink and the results are presented. Microgrid considered consists of PV array, Diesel Generator and Battery storage system. These sources are modelled according to the loads connected to the microgrid. BSS acts as emergency backup to the considered system and also provides small signal stability to the microgrid. Simulation is carried out with BSS and without Battery Storage in the Islanded mode. The obtained results show that microgrid with BSS is more stable during small disturbances and also acts as backup power supply. A Properly modelled microgrid can act as power backup for industries. 2022 IEEE.