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Simulation and multiscale modeling of carbon nanomaterials
Carbon nanomaterials have become more and more significant for simulation and multiscale modeling due to their distinctive features and prospective uses in a variety of disciplines. We give a thorough computational analysis of the electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and fullerenes in this chapter. Our simulations combine classical and quantum mechanical techniques, such as density functional theory and molecular dynamics. We are able to bridge the gap between atomistic simulations and macroscopic behavior thanks to our multiscale modeling technique, which offers important insights into the behavior of carbon nanomaterials at various length and time scales. For the creation and advancement of novel nanomaterials for diverse applications, our findings offer a basic knowledge of the characteristics of carbon nanomaterials. 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Simulation modeling for heart attack patient by mapping cholesterol level
Cholesterol is a complex structural material made up of four-fused hydrocarbon rings. There is a hydrocarbon tail linked at one end of the structure, while the hydroxyl group linked to each other on the other end. To one end of the structure, a hydrocarbon tail linked and to the other end, a hydroxyl group linked to each other. High cholesterol level is one among the major risk factors of a heart attack. It is feasible to compute and control the cholesterol level of a cardiovascular patient by making use of intended Mathematical modeling in System Dynamics (S.D.). Moreover, by simulating proposed set of equations for a heart attack patient, recovery accomplished at a faster pace. Because of S.D., a substantial amount of reduction in the patient's Cardiovascular Disease achieved by control over the sterol level of the heart patient. This simulation modeling is an attempt made in translational research domain and is useful in the healthcare industry health care industry. It will minimize the risk of heart stroke and maintain a healthy life. Copyright 2020 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Simulation of IoT-based Smart City of Darwin: Leading Cyber Attacks and Prevention Techniques
The Rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology made the world smarter as it has embedded deeply in several application areas such as manufacturing, homes, cities, and health etc. In the developed cities, millions of IoT devices are deployed to enhance the lifestyle of citizens. IoT devices increases the efficiency and productivity with time and cost efficiency in smart cities, on the other hand, also set an attractive often easy targets for cybercriminals by exposing a wide variety of vulnerabilities. Cybersecurity risks, if ignored can results as very high cost to the citizens and management as well. In this research, simulated IoT network of Darwin CBD has been used with different IoT simulation tools. The treacherous effects of vulnerable IoT environment are demonstrated in this research followed by implementation of security measures to avoid the illustrated threats. 2023 IEEE. -
Simulation of the Electrical Control Unit (ECU) in Automated Electric Vehicles for Reliability and Safety Using On-Board Sensors and Internet of Things
The adaptation of the energy storage system (ESS) with high power and energy density remains a difficulty for electric vehicles (EVs), despite the increasing demand they are experiencing around the world. A lightweight, compact ESS is necessary to deliver the responsive performance and driving range that modern vehicles need. When planning for widespread use of EVs, it's important to give careful attention to the factors of ESS selection, sizing, and administration. One of the most promising future mobility alternatives is the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), which offers improved fuel economy and lower pollution levels. As a result, one of the most pressing needs is for automakers to develop new technologies for vehicle design that might help lessen emissions and boost economy. The environmental impact of emissions from light-duty cars is growing in tandem with the annual increase in the number of such vehicles on the road. The usage of other modes of transportation, such as ships and planes, is on the rise, but road transportation will always be the most common. Electronic Control Units, or ECUs, have been increasingly commonplace in cars during the past few decades. Vehicle network multicore CPU scheduling is notoriously difficult. This study's findings consist of a straightforward power-sharing control approach for the HESS based on battery and UC, with the goal of extending the battery's useful life in a city environment. 2023 IEEE. -
Simulation study of droplet formation in inkjet printing using ANSYS FLUENT
Flow simulations of jetting of inkjet drops are presented for water and ethylene glycol. In the inkjet printing process, droplet jetting behaviour is the deciding parameter for print quality. The multiphase volume of fluid (VOF) method is used because the interaction between two phases (air and liquid) is involved in the drop formation process. The commercial inkjet printer has a nozzle diameter of ~73.2?m. In this work, a simulation model of inkjet printer nozzles with different diameters 40?m, 60?m, and 80?m are developed using ANSYS FLUENT software. It is observed that when water is taken as solvent then the stable droplets are generated at 60?m nozzle diameter till 9?s because of its low viscosity. For higher diameter, the stamen formation is observed. Ethylene glycol stable droplets are achieved at 80?m nozzle diameter till 9?s because of their high viscosity (~10 times that of water). Along with the droplet formation, the sustainability of the droplet in the air before reaching the substrate is also important. The simulation model is an inexpensive, fast, and flexible alternative to study the ink characteristics of the real-world system without wasting resources. 2022 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Simulation, optimisation and analysis of energy saving in crude oil distillation unit
Physical distillation is the major process in crude oil refineries as of now. To ensure quality control in the final products, it is essential to ascertain the true boiling point of the crude oil and the products. The work is mainly concentrated to an industrial crude oil distillation unit. The objective of the paper is to present the simulation and optimisation of crude distillation unit (CDU) along with the analysis of energy saving, using Aspen HYSYS V8.8.2. Different crudes are taken into account, their properties and amount of distillate are analysed. The process optimisation is done in an easier manner using Aspen HYSYS rather than the conventional mathematical method, together with the advanced process control tools; make it profitable in the operation in real-time. The simulation results are validated with the actual plant results. Copyright 2018 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Simulations of electric vehicle model for insights into pre-planned trajectory profiles
Electric vehicles are slowly gaining its significance in the automobile sector due to stringent emission norms. This research article highlights the fundamental modeling steps required for an electric vehicle designing following a simulation approach using MATLAB/Simulink software. It gives a clear and concise way to interpret vehicle model from a simple to complex modelling approach. Unlike other research works, this paper helps to thoroughly perceive the fundamentals involved in modeling an electric vehicle with different trajectory profiles. The vehicles behavior when subjected to different external forces, steering characteristics under different path profiles are analyzed in a systematic way. This research work highlights the significance of identifying and solving issues faced in the safety sub-system of an EV. 2020 SERSC. -
Simulations of electric vehicle model for insights into pre-planned trajectory profiles
Electric vehicles are slowly gaining its significance in the automobile sector due to stringent emission norms. This research article highlights the fundamental modeling steps required for an electric vehicle designing following a simulation approach using MATLAB/Simulink software. It gives a clear and concise way to interpret vehicle model from a simple to complex modelling approach. Unlike other research works, this paper helps to thoroughly perceive the fundamentals involved in modeling an electric vehicle with different trajectory profiles. The vehicles behavior when subjected to different external forces, steering characteristics under different path profiles are analyzed in a systematic way. This research work highlights the significance of identifying and solving issues faced in the safety sub-system of an EV. 2020 SERSC. -
Simultaneous first order derivative spectrophotometric determination of Vanadium and Zirchonium in alloy steels and minerals
Spectrochimica Acta Part A : Molecular and Bio molecular Spectroscopy, Vol.95,pp.46-52, ISSN No. 1386-1425 -
Simultaneous first order derivative spectrophotometric determination of vanadium and zirconium in alloy steels and minerals
A simple, selective and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the individual and simultaneous determination of trace amounts of vanadium(V) and zirconium(IV) in acetic acid medium using a newly synthesised reagent diacetylmonoxime salicyloylhydrazone (DMSH), without any prior separation. The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity of the coloured species are 1.30 x 10 4 and 1.82 x 10 4 Lmol -1cm -1 and 3.9 and 2.5 ng cm -2 for V(V) and Zr(IV), respectively. Beer's law is obeyed between 0.26-2.80 and 0.30-3.20 ?g mL -1 concentration of vanadium (V) and zirconium (IV) at 405 and 380 nm respectively. The stoichiometry of the complex was found to be 1:1 (metal:ligand) for V(V) and 1:2 for Zr(IV) complexes. These metal ions interfere with the determination of each other in zero order spectrophotometry. The first derivative spectra of these complexes permitted a simultaneous determination of V(V) and Zr(IV) at zero crossing wavelengths of 445 nm and 405 nm, respectively. The optimum conditions for maximum colour development and other analytical parameters were evaluated. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of zirconium and vanadium in standard alloy steel samples, mineral and soil samples. 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. -
Simultaneous photovoltaic distributed generation and capacitor optimization for enhancing performance indices of radial power distribution system
This paper presents an effective metaheuristic framework using the Osprey Optimization Algorithm (OOA) for the simultaneous allocation of distributed generation (DG) units and capacitor banks (CB) in radial distribution systems (RDS). The method optimizes the locations and sizing for DG units and CB to minimize active power losses (APL), to reduce voltage deviation (VD), and to enhance voltage stability. The performance of the proposed approach is tested on IEEE 69-bus and 118-bus benchmark RDSs and the real-time Tala Egyptian RDS. The OOA achieved superior results compared to popular heuristic algorithms such as antlion optimizer (ALO), hunter-prey optimizer (HPO), and whale optimizer algorithm (WOA). Specifically, for three units of DG and single capacitor integration in the 69-bus system, OOA reduced the total APL by 75.1%, lowered the total voltage deviation (TVD) by 1.4835p.u., and improved the total voltage stability index (TVSI) by 3.0229. With optimal assimilation of three units of DG and capacitors each, APL reduction, TVD minimization, and TVSI improvement further extended to 79.9%, 1.5013p.u., and 2.2787, respectively. Furthermore, OOA validation on a variable-load 69-bus RDS and the real 37-bus Tala Egyptian RDS demonstrated consistent and superior performance, showcasing its robustness. Statistical analyses also confirm OOAs efficiency and ability to solve DG planning in the distribution networks. The Author(s) 2025. -
Simultaneous X-Ray and Optical Polarization Observations of the Blazar Mrk 421
We present near-simultaneous X-ray and optical polarization measurements in the high synchrotron peaked (HSP) blazar Mrk 421. The X-ray polarimetric observations were carried out using Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) on 2023 December 6. During IXPE observations, we also carried out optical polarimetric observations using 104 cm Sampurnanand telescope at Nainital and multiband optical imaging observations using 2 m Himalayan Chandra Telescope at Hanle. From model-independent analysis of IXPE data, we detected X-ray polarization with degree of polarization (?X) of 8.5% 0.5% and an electric vector position angle (?X) of 10.6 1.7 in the 2?8 keV band. From optical polarimetry on 2023 December 6, in B, V, and R bands, we found values of ?B = 4.27% 0.32%, ?V = 3.57% 0.31%, and ?R = 3.13% 0.25%. The value of ?B is greater than that observed at longer optical wavelengths, with the degree of polarization suggesting an energy-dependent trend, gradually decreasing from higher to lower energies. This is consistent with that seen in other HSP blazars and favors a stratified emission region encompassing a shock front. The emission happening in the vicinity of the shock front will be more polarized due to the ordered magnetic field resulting from shock compression. The X-ray emission, involving high-energy electrons, originates closer to the shock front than the optical emission. The difference in the spatial extension could plausibly account for the observed variation in polarization between X-ray and optical wavelengths. This hypothesis is further supported by the broadband spectral energy distribution modeling of the X-ray and optical data. 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. -
Single activity recognition system: A review
Human Activity Recognition (HAR) plays an important role in smart home assisted living system which is one among the growing research area in smart computing. In this modern era, Smart home assisted living is highly recommended for elderly people to monitor and assist in taking care of themselves. HAR is applied in various ambiences to recognize single activity and group activity as well. This chapter focuses on single activity recognition system with respect to variety of sensors used in smart homes, activity recognition methods and wide range of communication systems that helps to ease the living style of elderly people in healthy environment which can be linked to the advancement of IoT technology in smart building. This chapter reviews many applications with variety of sensors, real time smart home projects, and smart home assisted living systems including activity recognition methods and communication systems. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020. -
Single Port Multimode Reconfigurable UWB-NB Antenna for Cognitive Radio Applications
In this paper, a compact, single port, multimode reconfigurable UWB-NB antenna with a novel feeding network is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a pentagonal-shaped monopole radiator, a beveled-shaped partial defected ground plane with a rectangular slot, and a reconfigurable bypass feeding network. The antenna realizes a wideband frequency range from 2.4 to 18 GHz and four narrow band frequency ranges, 5.3 to 6.8 GHz, 6.0 to 7.6 GHz, 7.2 to 8.8 GHz and 8.4 to 11.4 GHz. The antenna provides an omnidirectional radiation pattern with gain from 2.2 to 6.2 dBi maximum at 12 GHz and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ranges from 1 to 2. The fabricated antenna has an overall dimension of 181.6 mm3. Sensing and tuning ranges of the fabricated antenna shows good agreement with the simulation results. The proposed antenna has an advantage of simple design, low profile, single port excitation and omnidirectional radiation pattern making it suitable for applications such as handheld mobile cognitive radio systems. 2022 SBMO/SBMag -
Single-monomer dual templated MIP based electrochemical sensor for tartrazine and brilliant blue FCF
In this study, a dual-templated molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensor was developed for the simultaneous analysis of two food additive dyes, brilliant blue FCF and tartrazine. Using a 3-aminophenyl boronic acid (3-APBA) monomer and the dual templates of brilliant blue FCF (BB) and tartrazine (TZ), the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) layer was electropolymerized on the carbon fibre paper (CFP) electrode. By using BB and TZ as template molecules along the electro-polymerization of 3-APBA, then removing both template molecules, the MIP film was generated on the surface of the CFP electrode. Due to the high surface area provided by modification, several complementary binding sites for template molecules are formed on the surface of the MIP sensor during this process of sensor fabrication. On the MIP/CFP electrode, the electrochemical behavior of BB and TZ was assessed. The monomer/template ratio, pH values, and influencing parameters like the electro-polymerization scanning cycles were all optimized. This sensor was applied to detect brilliant blue FCF and tartrazine in beverage and food samples using MIPAPBA/CFP electrode. 2023 -
Single-Stage Bidirectional Three-Level AC/DC LLC Resonant Converter with High Power Factor
The increasing demand for efficient and high-performance power converters in electric vehicle technology and renewable energy integration has brought attention to LLC resonant converters due to their advantages in soft switching, inherent short circuit and open circuit protection, and high efficiency. These converters are particularly well-suited for high-frequency operation, making them ideal for electric vehicle battery charging and other power conversion tasks. However, when integrated with a front-end boost power factor correction (PFC) stage in AC-DC applications, challenges arise in maintaining power balance during transients, leading to voltage fluctuations and potential operational instability. Moreover, light load conditions can result in excessive switching frequencies, causing elevated switching losses and control difficulties. Additionally, traditional LLC resonant converters face limitations related to high voltage stress on switches, which affects device reliability and overall converter performance. To address these issues, researchers have explored the use of multilevel inverters, but they introduce complexity and cost. In this context, this paper proposes a novel single-stage, three-level bidirectional AC-DC LLC-based resonant converter with features like zero voltage switching and duty ratio control for output voltage regulation. The converter achieves a unity displacement power factor naturally through discontinuous conduction mode. Simulation results demonstrate the converter's effectiveness of the proposed topology. The proposed converter offers a promising solution for Electric vehicle chargers, combining unity power factor operation and efficient bidirectional power flow control in a single topology. 2024 IEEE. -
Single-use Plastic Packaging and Food and Beverage industry's take on it
Micro-plastics created by the gradual breakdown of SUP in oceans have recently been consumed by marine organisms, including fish, shellfish, etc. It is causing significant disturbance to marine life. The environment is littered with food packing. Snack food packaging is a great example of a long-standing, aesthetically obnoxious form of pollution. The majority of SUPs, especially perishable products, wind up in landfills within months of purchase.This is due to a rise in on-the-go food and beverage consumption, fueling the proliferation of single-use plastic packaging. The lack of dumpsters in some areas might contribute to an increase in littering. While the majority of food packaging plastics end up in the trash, municipal waste, landfills, and even the seas, a tiny fraction can be recycled. The reason for this is that poor countries have a prevalent culture of human waste. The Electrochemical Society -
Sinking houseboats and swaying home stays: community resilience and local impacts of COVID-19 in managing tourism crisis in Kerala
Purpose: The tourism sector of the state of Kerala in India is highly vulnerable and has been extensively impacted by the global pandemic disaster. This paper aims to analyze the impact of COVID-19 (Corona virus pandemic) on houseboat operators and homestay managers. Design/methodology/approach: This paper indicates a multi-stakeholder assessment method to examine various pandemic disaster facets through a structured discussion with different destination stakeholders. This study examines qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews from homestay owners, houseboat operators and government designators in Kerala. This study proposes a conceptual community resilience competency framework that could facilitate speedy crisis management responses. In this study, the sample comprises of nine respondents who play a pivotal role in the travel business, comprising the public sector, private sector, NGO's and community leaders. Findings: The qualitative findings identify Indias and the state of Kerala's roles in handling crisis management scenarios over internal strategies and strategy formulation. The results indicate that the supplementary industry practitioners explore tactical and strategic management initiatives to sustain their businesses. The dynamics of stakeholder engagement adopted by the state is given prominence. Originality/value: This study suggests mechanisms to re-establish the brand image and the possible strategies and suggestions that could help in the survival of the Kerala tourism industry in the post-disaster period. The new normal has been substantiated in the study by incorporating strategies and precautionary methods adopted by the homestay and houseboat operators so as to address the guests' safety concerns. 2021, International Tourism Studies Association. -
Siri the Healing Mother: Relational Dynamics Between Mother and Child in a Matrilineal Society
The Siri cult revolves around an oral tradition from Tulunadu in Dakshina Kannada (South Canara), India, featuring a story that unfolds over 15,683 lines. It tells the myth of Siri, a remarkable woman, and her lineage. During the famous Siri Jatre (which means festival), women are possessed by the spirits of Siri and her descendants, such as Abbaga and Daraga. This article explores the ritual space of the Siri cult as a transformative arena for women, where the boundaries between myth and reality blur, allowing for collective healing and psychic reintegration. The ritual performances, particularly during the Siri festival, facilitate a trance-like state in which women embody Siri and her struggles, experiencing emotional release. Through communal participation and embodied identification with Siri, women reclaim their repressed emotions, anxieties, and desires, forging new alternative narratives of motherhood, femininity, and divine womanhood. Importantly, Siris divine presence offers women a symbolic anchora figure who legitimises their grief and challenges male-dominated ideals for women to be obedient, nurturing, and submissive. Taking a psychoanalytical lens, this article examines the ritual space of the Siri cult through the framework of object relations theory to explore the psychic processes. The rituals allow women to externalise their inner conflicts and repressed desires, processing their grief and trauma through symbolic enactment. By situating the Siri cult within a psychoanalytical framework, the study reveals how the myth of Siri functions as a transformative object, allowing women to bridge their individual suffering with communal strength, ultimately achieving a sense of psychic integration and empowerment. 2025 Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad -
