Browse Items (16481 total)
Sort by:
-
Synthesis and Characterixation of Fluorinated Superconducting Y3Ba5Cu8Oy Compound
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol-3 (1), pp. 927-930. ISSN-2248-9622 -
-
Synthesis and characterization of 4-nitro benzaldehyde with ZnO-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Globally, cancer is the leading cause of death and morbidity, and skin cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis. Skin problems can be treated with nanoparticles (NPs), particularly with zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs, which have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. An antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared in the presence of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde (4NB) was also tested in the present study. In addition, the influence of synthesized NPs on cell apoptosis, cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis, and cell adhesion was also examined. The synthesized 4-nitro benzaldehyde with ZnO (4NBZnO) NPs were confirmed via characterization techniques. 4NBZnO NPs showed superior antibacterial properties against the pathogens tested in antibacterial investigations. As a result of dose-based treatment with 4NBZnO NPs, cell viability, and MMP activity of melanoma cells (SK-MEL-3) cells were suppressed. A dose-dependent accumulation of ROS was observed in cells exposed to 4NBZnO NPs. As a result of exposure to 4NBZnO NPs in a dose-dependent manner, viable cells declined and apoptotic cells increased. This indicates that apoptotic cell death was higher. The cell adhesion test revealed that 4NBZnO NPs reduced cell adhesion and may promote apoptosis of cancer cells because of enhanced ROS levels. 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Synthesis and characterization of acid hydrazone complexes
The new azomethine compounds derived from Acetophenone benzhydrazone and Acetophenone nicotinicacidhydrazone have been prepared Further it is synthesized with Cu(II) and Co(II) salts to form stable complexes. The ligand and metal complexes have been characterized by Elemental analysis, IR, NMR, UV/Vis Spectrometry, Vibrating sample magnetometric measurements and Gouy Balance method. The nature of bonding and the stereochemistry of the complexes have been deduced from infrared spectra, electronic spectra, magnetic susceptibility, and an octahedral geometry has been suggested for cobalt (II) and square pyramidal structure for copper (II) complex. The complexes are non-hygroscopic, and photo stable crystalline powders with different melting point. The solubility of the metal-complexes in various solvents confirmed the diversity of the complexes as the ligands. The coordination process takes place through the carbonyl oxygen and the azomethine nitrogen atom, the anionic ion is in the outer sphere of the copper complex. The complexes were proposed to have the formulae [ML1.phen(H2O)]NO3H2O. where M=Cu(II),Co(II) ,and HL1 = acetophenone benzhydrazone and [MHL2phen.( NO3)2 ]H2O HL2 = Nicotinic acid acid hydrazone KEY WORDS: Complexes, Hydrazones, Acetophenone, Synthesis, Characterization. -
Synthesis and characterization of alkali-activated binders with slag and waste printed circuit board
The global production of printed circuit board (PCB) is expected to rise substantially in the next decade due to the advancement in technology. The production of PCB results in generation of hazardous waste of various kinds, and one such waste is the very fine particles of the board material that is generated due to drilling and other preparatory operations. The disposal of such waste in the environment can result in serious consequences which needs attention. Therefore, recycling of waste printed circuit board (WPCB) can mitigate its harmful effects on the environment and also reduce the remediation costs. In this study, the WPCB is used as a substitute to ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) in development of alkali-activated binder. Alkali-activated binder was synthesized with GGBFS, WPCB, sodium hydroxide sol. (NaOH), and sodium silicate sol. (Na2SiO3). GGBFS was replaced with WPCB at replacement rates of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by volume. Additionally, the effect of varying concentration of NaOH and Na2SiO3 on the physical and mechanical performance of the binder was studied. The developed binders were evaluated for workability, strength, water absorption, and efflorescence properties. Further, to ascertain its safety on the environment, the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test was also performed. The results indicate that WPCB characteristics are compatible with GGBFS in terms of its particle size distribution. Moreover, the replacement of GGBFS with up to 20% WPCB provides desirable properties for the alkali-activated binder. However, higher replacements are not recommended, since it had detrimental effect on the mechanical performance of the binder. The study revealed that desirable performance can be achieved for binders with 8 M NaOH and with Na2SiO3 to NaOH ratio of 2, and up to 20% GGBFS replaced with WPCB. The results of TCLP test disclose that the contaminant in the leachate from alkali-activated binders with WPCB are within regulatory limits, and do not pose any threat to the environment. Finally, the outcome of this study provides an innovative approach towards formulation of eco-friendly binder for various construction applications such as foundations, buildings, bridges, pavements, etc. 2024 The Author(s) -
Synthesis and characterization of biowaste-based porous carbon nanoparticle-polymer dispersed ferroelectric liquid crystal composites
Herein, porous carbon nanoparticles (PCNPs) were synthesized using magnolia champaca seed pods and studied their doping effect on the polymer-dispersed ferroelectric liquid crystal (PDFLC) properties. The effect of PCNPs concentration (?0.75 wt.%) on the morphology of PDFLC, polarization, and permittivity are investigated in thin sample cells. Field emission scanning electron microscope image results indicate the spherical shape of PCNPs of particle size ?27 nm diameter. Temperature-dependent electro-optic and dielectric properties are also investigated in the wide SmC* phase and near transition temperature of SmC*-SmA*. Polarising optical microscope textures confirm the non-homogeneity of FLC molecules in the polymer matrix as a function of PCNPs concentration. The spontaneous polarization and anchoring energy coefficients increase with increasing the doping amount of PCNPs. The phase transition temperature is found unaffected by PCNP doping in all prepared samples. In PDFLC and PCNPs doped PDFLC composites, usual behaviour of permittivity as a function of temperature is observed. Fluorescence spectra show an enhanced two-fold increase in emission intensity peak at 412 nm wavelength for 0.5 wt.% PCNPs doped PDFLC while concentration-dependent quenching and slight redshift have been observed for the 0.75 wt.% PCNPs doped PDFLC. The enhanced electro-optic and dielectric properties observed in the composites suggest potential applications in displays, sensors, and optical devices. The findings open doors for further exploration and utilization of these functional materials in advanced electronic and photonic technologies. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Synthesis and characterization of biowaste-derived porous carbon supported palladium: a systematic study as a heterogeneous catalyst for the reduction of nitroarenes
In this study, we present a green synthesis approach for the fabrication of porous carbon supported palladium catalysts derived from Caesalpinia pods. The synthesis involves self-activation of Caesalpinia pods in a nitrogen atmosphere at various temperatures (600C, 800C, and 1000C) to produce porous carbon nanoparticles. Among the synthesized carbon materials, the sample CP-CNS/10 synthesized at 1000C exhibited the highest surface area of 793 m2/g with an average pore size diameter of 1.8nm. The resulting porous carbon material served as an efficient support for palladium nanoparticles, with a low metal loading of about 0.2mol% Pd for the reaction. This catalyst demonstrated excellent performance in the reduction of nitroarenes to their corresponding aromatic amines. The successful incorporation of approximately 4.5% Pd during the deposition process highlights the potential of the porous carbon supported palladium catalyst synthesized at 1000C for a sustainable and efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the reduction of nitroarenes. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) Akadiai Kiad Budapest, Hungary 2024. -
Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanomaterial Derived from Anthracite
Among various storage devices, carbon based supercapacitors grabs the recent trends in the electronic devices. The present research work describes the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials derived from anthracite by using staudenmaier method. Anthracite was used as a precursor because of its high carbon content. The structural and chemical complex formation carried out by using XRD and FTIR confirms the formation of CNT's. The calculated value obtained from the XRD peaks confirms the formation of multilayer carbon nano-materials. The electrode was prepared by coating synthesized CNT on copper rod. The electrochemical performance of prepared working electrode was carried out by using cyclic voltammetric performance. Electrode characterization was performed for different scan rates 10, 20, 30 and 50 mV/sec in a potential window from-0.08 to 0.2V. The CV curves represents symmetric nature which imply that electrode material have stable capacitive process. 2019 Elsevier Ltd. -
Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanospheres from Hydrocarbon Soot
International Journal of Electrochemical Science Vol. 7, Issue 10, pp. 9537-9549, ISSN No. 1452-3981 -
Synthesis and characterization of carbon nanospheres from hydrocarbon soot
Foreseeing the upcoming era of the carbon nanomaterials and their revolutionary applications, we have identified and explored the structural parameters of five effective precursors of the same-carbon black, soot obtained by the thermal decomposition of kerosene, diesel, paraffin wax and lubricant oil. Micro-Raman spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy, Electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and elemental analysis are employed for the structural and morphological characterization of the nanomaterials formed. The average lateral size (La), stacking height (Lc) and interlayer spacing (d002) of the crystallite structures calculated from the X-ray intensities are found to be ranging from 4.3-5.9 nm, 0.63-2.40 nm and 3.10- 3.68 respectively. La values determined by Raman and XRD analysis are in very good agreement thereby reinforcing the nanocrystalline structure of the samples. The very low I20/I26 ratio obtained reveals a relatively low amount of disorder in the nanostructures. Nanomaterials formed have the morphology of non-uniform nanospheres with diameter varying between 26-100 nm. EDS and elemental analysis confirms the absence of metal impurities. FTIR spectra of the samples shows the presence of stretching vibrations of -OH bonds, aliphatic -CH, -CH2 and -CH3 absorptions, C=C and -CH absorptions of aromatic structures. 2012 by ESG. -
Synthesis and characterization of CeO2/Bi2O3/gC3N4 ternary Z-scheme nanocomposite
An effective and facile phytogenic method was used to prepare CeO2/Bi2O3 and CeO2/Bi2O3/gC3N4 composites using Eichhornia crassipes phytoextract. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using techniques such as XRD, FTIR, UV-DRS, PL, SEM-EDAX, XPS, zeta potential, and TGA. These catalysts showed diverse photocatalytic and optical properties due to the alteration in the bandgap. The synthesized composites exhibited good photocatalytic activity by degrading Malachite green (MG) dye. The increase in the photocatalytic activity could be attributed to the p-n heterojunction of the catalysts with efficient charge separation and strong oxidative ability. The modified photocatalysts showed excellent catalytic activity and reusability under visible light. The superior efficiency and its applications in environmental remediation make these catalysts a potential candidate for photocatalysis. 2020 The American Ceramic Society -
Synthesis and characterization of chitosan nanofibers for wound healing and drug delivery application
Chitosan has emerged as a biodegradable, absorbable, non-toxic, biocompatible biopolymer for wound healing and drug delivery applications. Chitosan can be converted to nanofibers which have higher potential for wound healing and drug delivery applications as compared to chitosan nanoparticles and nanocomposites. Due to these properties chitosan nanofiber has emerged as a promising candidate for biomedical research. In the recent decades it has been observed that several studies reported about the production and medical applications of chitosan nanofibers. Although, preparation and application of chitosan nanofibers is easy. But there are several challenges and bottlenecks associated with its practical application and large-scale production. The presented review is a comprehensive discussion on the major challenges and bottlenecks associated with chitosan nanofibers synthesis and their practical applications in biomedical research. It discusses critically about the issues related to the chitosan nanofibers solubility, stability, mechanical strength, absorption and drug release properties, and its scale up hinderances. Moreover, the review presents an insight into the future recommendations on considering the parameters associated for development of an efficient, sustainable, and promising biopolymer. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Synthesis and characterization of Chitosan-CuO-MgO polymer nanocomposites
In the present work, we have synthesized Chitosan-CuO-MgO nanocomposites by incorporating CuO and MgO nanoparticles in chitosan matrix. Copper oxide and magnesium oxide nanoparticles synthesized by precipitation method were characterized by X-ray diffraction and the diffraction patterns confirmed the monoclinic and cubic crystalline structures of CuO and MgO nanoparticles respectively. Chitosan-CuO-MgO composite films were prepared using solution- cast method with different concentrations of CuO and MgO nanoparticles (15 - 50 wt % with respect to chitosan) and characterized by XRD, FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the crystallinity of the chitosan composite increases with increase in nanoparticle concentration. FTIR spectra confirm the chemical interaction between chitosan and metal oxide nanoparticles (CuO and MgO). UV absorbance of chitosan nanocomposites were up to 17% better than pure chitosan, thus confirming its UV shielding properties. The mechanical and electrical properties of the prepared composites are in progress. 2018 Author(s). -
Synthesis and characterization of Cr2AlC MAX phase for photocatalytic applications
MAX phase, a layered ternary carbide/nitride, displays both ceramic and metallic properties, which has significantly attracted the materials research. In this work, Cr2AlC MAX phase powder with high purity was fabricated via a facile and cost-effective pressure-less sintering methodology and utilized for photocatalytic degradation of different organic pollutants for the first time. Various characterization techniques were used for confirming the morphological and other physico-chemical properties of the catalyst. Cr2AlC MAX phase with a low band gap of 1.28 eV has shown 99% efficiency in the degradation of malachite green, an organic pollutant under visible light irradiation. The scavenger studies conclude that, O2?and h+ as the active species during the photocatalytic reaction. Furthermore, the kinetic study revealed that the reaction obeys pseudo-first-order kinetics and can be reused for four cycles without losing the activity. This novel approach can give new insight into the potential application of MAX phase materials in the field of wastewater treatment under visible light irradiation. 2021 Elsevier Ltd -
Synthesis and Characterization of Cyclopentadithiophene and Thienothiophene-Based Polymers for Organic Thin-Film Transistors and Solar Cells
Novel donor-donor type alternating copolymers (8CDT-TT and 16CDT-TT) derived from cyclopentadithiophene (CDT) and thienothiophene (TT) moieties that differ from solubilizing side chains were successfully synthesized and characterized. After the synthesis of CDT-TT-based conjugated polymers with dioctyl and dihexadecyl side chains, their optical, thermal, structural and semiconducting properties were investigated. Organic thin-film transistors fabricated from 8CDT-TT and 16CDT-TT exhibit carrier mobilities as high as 3.920-4 and 1.050-3 cm2V-1s-1, respectively. Bulk heterojunction solar cells fabricated using a polymer:PCBM blend ratio of 1:3 exhibit power conversion efficiencies of 2.12 and 1.84% for 8CDT-TT and 16CDT-TT, respectively. 2018, The Polymer Society of Korea and Springer Nature B.V. -
Synthesis and characterization of cyclopentadithiophene and thienothiophene-based polymers for organic thin-film transistors and solar cells /
Macromolecular Research, Vol.26, Issue 10, pp. 1-8, ISSN: 1598-5032 -
Synthesis and Characterization of Eu2+/Nd3+ Activated CaSi2O5 Phosphor for Bioimaging Applications
The advancement of non-invasive diagnostic tools has propelled the development of luminescent nanomaterials with enhanced imaging capabilities. In this study, Eu2+/Nd3+ codoped CaSi2O5 phosphors were synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction route under a reducing environment to explore their potential for bioimaging applications. Calcium silicate, known for its intrinsic biocompatibility, served as the host matrix, whereas Eu2+ acted as the primary luminescent centre and Nd3+ was used as the near-infrared (NIR) sensitizer to support deep-tissue excitation. Structural analysis via X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified the formation of a triclinic crystal structure and the average crystallite size was validated through both Scherrer equation and WilliamsonHall analyses. Field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) images revealed flower-like microstructures with embedded fine white particles. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) detected the existence of expected chemical components of the phosphor, whereas Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra provided evidence of successful dopant incorporation through characteristic vibrations corresponding to CaO, SiOSi, EuO and NdO bonds. Photoluminescence studies showed an excitation spectrum with distinct and intense absorption bands within the range of 7001000 nm, attributed to the 4f4f transitions of Nd3+ ions, and upon excitation at approximately 800 nm, the phosphor exhibited dual emission bands around 410 and 440 nm with optimal intensity corresponding to the characteristic 4f65d1 ? 4f7 transitions of Eu2+. The afterglow decay analysis showed persistent luminescence exceeding 15 min, and CIE chromaticity analysis confirmed that the emission lies within the blue spectral range (x = 0.155, y = 0.059), indicating high potential for background-free bioimaging with high chromatic accuracy. These findings suggest that Eu2+/Nd3+ doped CaSi2O5 can be a promising luminescent material for advanced biomedical imaging applications. 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Synthesis and characterization of flyash reinforced polymer composites developed by Fused Filament Fabrication
Fused filament fabrication (FFF) has seen an upsurge in its utilization towards development of tailored made materials of polymer base. The advancement and diversity in fabricating the polymer composite parts by using FFF has seen the embracement of this technology in wider aspects, ranging from automotive, aerospace, construction and has marched towards day to day requirements. This research article focuses on development of polymer composite; by using flyash (FA), an industrial waste produced during coal combustion, as reinforcement in Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) matrix, to study the physical and mechanical properties. FA, which is primarily made up of metal oxides, plays an imperative role as reinforcement. Easily and abundantly available, FA is being used in several applications to reduce the landfills utilization and also helps the environment. In this study FA was added as reinforcement in 5 and 10 wt. % respectively to ABS matrix and was developed into filament of 1.75 mm diameter. The developed ABS + FA polymer composite using FFF, were analyzed for physical and mechanical properties as per American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. Microstructure studies were carried out for the developed composite to understand their behavior in enhancing the dimensional accuracy and tensile strength with incremental addition of FA up to 10 wt%. Tensile strength was enhanced by 28.19% and 36.13% for ABS + 5wt. % FA and ABS + 10wt. % FA respectively. Dimensional stability was also enhanced. Similarly, surface roughness analysis was carried out and it was observed to reduce with addition of FA. The surface roughness measurements provided suitable results of decrement by 9.64% and 14.6% for ABS + 5wt. % FA and ABS + 10wt. % FA respectively. Overall, the usage of FA along with FFF, has paved a path in sustainable and green technology in manufacturing. 2022 The Author(s). -
Synthesis and characterization of graphene filled PC-ABS filament for FDM applications
Present investigation focuses on development of graphene filled PC-ABS filament for Fused Deposition Modeling applications. Compounding and twin screw extrusion was employed to synthesis graphene filled FDM filament of 1.75mm diameter. Percentage of graphene was varied from 0.1 vol% to 0.25 vol% in steps of 0.05. Developed filaments were subjected to SEM studies, dimensional accuracy and density measurements. In order to achieve filament of 1.75mm diameter, filament extrusion temperature was optimized using Taguchi's L25 orthogonal array, microstructure shows homogeneous dispersion of graphene particles in PC-ABS matrix, density decreases with increased content of graphene particles. 2018 Author(s). -
Synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide membranes for water purification applications
Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide-based laminar membranes have been receiving increased attention for its novel filtration applications. In the present work, graphene oxide (GO) solution is synthesized by modified Hummers method and coated on cellulose nitrate by vacuum filtration technique. Further, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membranes are fabricated by the controlled reduction of GO membrane using vitamin C solution at 60 C. The formation of GO and rGO is confirmed from Raman, FTIR, and UVVis spectroscopy studies. Morphology and thickness of the membranes are investigated using surface and cross-sectional FESEM images. The filtration study showed that rGO membrane has higher water flux (52 L m?2h?1) than GO (40 L m?2h?1) membrane at differential pressure of 0.3MPa. Moreover, both membranes show congo red rejection of 96%. Prior studies showed that water flux decreased upon reduction of GO membrane which hindered the filtration properties of the membrane. Current work indicates that controlled reduction of GO leads to an enhancement in water flux, maintaining the dye rejection ratio. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] 2023, Qatar University and Springer Nature Switzerland AG.