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Addressing Security Challenges in AI-Driven Cyber Security: Enhancing Resilience While Fostering Sustainable Practices with Green Computing
The modern cyber security environment changed through increased sophistication and complexity of cyber threats that requires organizations to use artificial intelligence (AI) technologies for strengthened security frameworks. It also limits the adverse impact within the populace by a decrease in carbon dioxide emissions, energy conservation, decrease wastage of electronic gadgets and assistance to sustainability with renewable resources. Among the practices of creating the green environment are the measures of virtualization, improving the quality of the hardware to increase the energy efficiency and using the cooling technologies efficiently. The Sustainable Cyber security practices are examining the measures and innovation for minimizing energy usage by integrated cyber security tools/infrastructure, green data center/network, and practicing green software engineering. In this domain, Sustainability Cyber security employs energy conservative cryptographic algorithms and software architecture, low energy cryptographic physical devices, power-conscious security protocols; efficient virtualization by integrating these approaches, they can advance sustainability into higher security statures. Besides, the enforcement of those security practices will help to address green data center objectives like server virtualization, and other efficiency data storage products. Cyber Security algorithms will act to lessen the time construct of cryptographic operations to less computational power, and hence less energy consumption. It also looks at the direction that sustainability is likely to take in the future, which may include such policies and structures as are likely to promote green computing in cyber security. Also through this case study, we have been able to incorporate green computing into its cyber security programs for a better and environmentally friendly future. The advanced strategic planning through automation enables organizations to develop stronger defense capabilities as they adjust to security threats which keep evolving in the present-day landscape. 2026 Scrivener Publishing LLC. -
Contextualising Pedagogy: The Sociocultural Revision of Psychology Education
Pedagogical considerations play a vital role in shaping the development of individuals, especially in the context of rapid technological advancements. There is a growing understanding that the multidirectional teaching-learning process extends beyond cognitive processes to include social and cultural dimensions. In psychology education, it becomes an imminent necessity to adapt to pedagogical advances to fulfil diverse student needs and to balance between the academic and practitioner approaches. This chapter explores the importance of contextualising psychology pedagogy within specific cultural and Indigenous frameworks, presenting contextualisation as a dynamic process that requires ongoing adaptation by educators to promote inclusive and effective learning for all students. The discussion begins by outlining the need to contextualise pedagogy, exploring how learning environments are influenced by cultural, political and social factors, supported by theoretical frameworks like classical approaches of Vygotsky, and more recent ones like Melanie Walker's critical capability approach. The chapter will explore the diverse contexts that could be considered for localised, context-sensitive equity and justice-oriented pedagogies, such as the digital age, multicultural classrooms, Indigenous settings and other diverse learning environments. It will also explore challenges to contextualising pedagogy, including reconciling Western models with specific cultural values and managing the discord between standardisation and localisation. The chapter concludes with strategies for contextualising, underscoring the importance of balancing international educational standards with the realities and needs of local contexts. 2026 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Experiential Learning: Benefits, Challenges and Pedagogical Insights for Students Performance at Workplace: Effective Teaching Methods for Students in Organisational Psychology
In an era of rapid technological disruption, today's world of work is driven by these advancements, resulting in business uncertainties and a demand for project-ready recruits. Organisations now require role-ready hires, rendering extended training periods obsolete. Eligibility exams post job offer have replaced this, with successful candidates placed directly into projects. Hence, this study argues the pedagogy of human resource (HR), organisational behaviour, organisational development (OD), and Business Psychology at the master's level needs to be experiential so that students transition seamlessly into jobs with industry-aligned competencies. while existing research evaluates teaching methods such as case studies and lectures in academic settings, few examine their workplace applicability. This qualitative study fills this gap by investigating how pedagogical approachesspecifically continual assignments, case studies, presentations, OD activities deployed in the classroom and the internship experience gear them up to secure jobs and perform efficiently. The study implies that these methods cultivate systems thinking, equipping students to diagnose and address organisational disparities. It calls for curriculum redesign to integrate such practices, supported by heuristic evidence from OD practitioners. 2026 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Recentring Personal Development in Counsellor Education: Integrating Self-compassion, Meaning and Self-care in Training
Personal development (PD) was once the cornerstone of counsellor preparation. However, competency-driven reforms of the late-20th century relegated introspective work to the curricular margins. This chapter argues for a systematic reintegration of PD within counsellor education, contending that self-compassion, meaning in life and holistic self-care are pedagogically indispensable for fostering counselling self-efficacy and sustaining the professional quality of life (ProQOL). After tracing the historical displacement of reflective practice, we differentiate PD from the broader notion of personal growth and technically oriented professional development. Synthesising evidence from counselling, health and educational psychology, we demonstrate that trainees who cultivate self-compassion, meaning-making in life and intentional holistic self-care show greater empathic resonance, lower burnout indicators and more ethical decision-making. The chapter offers concrete strategies such as reflective writing, development labs, mindfulness exercises and scaffolded peer-support structures, which educators can embed within diverse regulatory contexts. By restoring PD to the centre of counsellor training, programmes can prepare practitioners who work competently and congruently, safeguarding client welfare and well-being. 2026 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Impactful Micro-moments for Deep Learning in Higher Education Classrooms: A Whole-person Education Perspective
The context within which higher education operates has undergone rapid changes in the past few decades. These changes, necessitated by a brittle, anxious, non-linear and incomprehensible (BANI) world, have made the inculcation of 21st-century skills and adoption of a competency-based curriculum increasingly relevant. This chapter addresses these shifts in higher education and their challenges for faculty members and students. The authors focus on in-class pedagogical practices which can be adopted in light of the changes in what is learnt and how it is learnt. The best teacherstudent learning sessions are those that create lasting learning outcomes. This chapter draws from positive psychology concepts and highlights the importance of creating intentional macro- and micro-moments in learning spaces. As educators, crafting deliberately planned moments can make learning more experiential, quick and long-lasting. Though micro-moments can be unstructured and unscripted, the authors focus on those micro-moments that are deliberate and carefully planned to help nurture creativity, mindfulness and organisational commitment. They can be used to echo and reinforce the larger vision of the programme or the institution. By leveraging micro-moments, educators can create opportunities for continuous learning, self-reflection and personal growth beyond the traditional classroom setting. This chapter examines the role of micro-moments in enhancing cognitive, emotional, social and ethical dimensions of student development through deep learning. 2026 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Immobilization of TiO2 on Various Substrates
Recovery of photocatalytic materials after the degradation of organic pollutants remains a challenge. To address this issue, immobilizing the material on a suitable substrate presents a viable solution. Immobilization of the commonly used titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst onto various substrates is typically achieved through adsorption, hydrogen bonding, or chemical bonding. Coating TiO2 onto different substrates is a common approach to enhance its durability, reusability, and catalytic efficiency across multiple applications, such as photocatalysis, sensors, and heterogeneous catalysis. The choice of substrate depends on the specific application, desired properties, and its ability to improve the photocatalytic performance. Substrates such as glass/quartz, polymeric materials, metal oxides, carbon-based materials, textiles, and cellulose each offer unique characteristics that enhance the potential of the photocatalytic material. 2026 WILEY-VCH GmbH. -
Microalgae as Biorefineries for Biofuel and Bioenergy Production: Recent Developments and Future Prospects
Microalgae boasts unique advantages regarding biofuel production, where researchers have made significant strides in increasing biofuel yields while reducing costs by improving lipid profiles in various microalgal strains, incorporating nano-additives, and improving extraction techniques. They have achieved this through genetic engineering, nanotechnology, and innovative cultivation techniques, optimizing the entire process. Moreover, microalgae are rich in bioactive compounds, and this chapter emphasizes advanced methods for extracting and purifying compounds like carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, polysaccharides, and omega-3 fatty acids, which have broad applications in food, medicine, and various industries. In energy production, microalgae generate renewable and eco-friendly energy through microbial fuel cells, employing techniques such as thermochemical liquefaction and producing energy from fermentation processes. Advancements in microalgae-based photobioreactors and strategies to improve photosynthetic efficiency further contribute to the efficiency and scalability of energy production. The book chapter highlights the importance and sustainability of microalgae in addressing energy and environmental challenges. By harnessing the latest advancements in biofuel production, valuable product synthesis, and renewable energy generation, microalgae have the potential to steer in a greener and brighter future. Their rapid growth, carbon dioxide absorption, and valuable compound synthesis make them a powerful tool in our pursuit of sustainable solutions. Embracing the potential of microalgae can lead us to an environmentally friendly and economically prosperous future. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Fruit Peel Waste: A Potential Substrate for Production of Value-Added Products
Fruit wastes are considered as a major class of food processing waste that has turned to be a global crisis due to issues associated with its disposal and treatment. It majorly consists of large fractions of solid or semi-solid waste generated during the separation of desired products from undesired ones in early stages of processing. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Phytochemicals and Biological Activities of Ceriops tagal (Perr.). C. B. Rob.
Plants have been used for medicines since ancient times as they serve critical needs and are easily accessible. In recent years, various nations have seen a major increase in the use of plant-based treatments, resulting in a significant rise in the global demand for herbal products. This chapter describes Ceriops tagal, a mangrove species with excellent potential for bioactive components and biological activity. The majority of the distinctive secondary metabolites and their analogs reported in this plant are di-, tri-, and tetra-terpenoids (dolabrane, lupane, oleanane, dammarane, and pimarane), phenolics, and steroids from the hypocotyls, roots, and aerial parts. Various studies reported 97 terpenoids and 14 other metabolites. Many biological activities have already been identified from various extracts, including anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and neurotrophic activities. In this chapter, we explored the biological potential of C. tagal, particularly its anticancer and neuroprotective activities, and it may be valuable for young researchers looking into the potential drug for chemotherapeutic and neurotrophic properties for the treatment and prevention of cancerous and neurological disorders. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Specialized Metabolites of Mangroves and Their Biological Activities
Mangroves are woody plants that are found in intertidal zones, where land meets the sea, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. They synthesize and accumulate diverse specialized metabolites that fall into major categories such as phenolics, terpenes, and alkaloids. Mangrove-derived chemical compounds have also been shown to exhibit a variety of biological properties including anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activities. In this chapter, we present the chemistry and biological activities of the mangrove-specialized metabolites. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Bioactive Compounds and Biological Activities of Mangrove-Associated Bacteria
Mangroves are used by folklore in indigenous medicine for the treatment of diseases. They contain an array of pharmacologically significant bioactive compounds. The endophytes of the mangroves have the capability of producing biologically active compounds which may be similar to their host plant. They are also able to produce novel and unique bioactive compounds which can be used in therapeutics. Bacillus and Streptomyces are the major genera of bacterial endophytes found in the mangroves. The major groups of bioactive compounds produced by the bacterial endophytes of mangroves include terpenoids, alkaloids, polyketides, etc. The bioactive compounds produced by the endophytes possesses biological activities such as antibacterial, cytotoxic, antioxidant activity, etc. These compounds have profound applications in the discovery of drugs. The present chapter focuses on the bacterial endophytes found in the mangroves, the bioactive molecules produced by them, and the pharmacological activities associated with these endophytes. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Nanomaterials Synthesized from Mangroves and Their Associates
Nanotechnology has great potential for developing nano-enabled equipment and products in a variety of industries, including personal care, medical, food, and agriculture. Despite the increasing use of metal nanoparticles in various domains, concerns concerning biological and environmental safety during manufacture remain. Traditional commercial methods for generating nanoparticles often entail chemical procedures and high-energy physical approaches that are both environmentally damaging and expensive. As an alternative, green synthesis employing plants has arisen, which reduces the requirement for toxic chemicals and severe reaction conditions in nanoparticle synthesis. The utilization of mangrove plants for nanoparticle synthesis has recently gained popularity due to their abundance of unique phytochemicals that aid in nanoparticle synthesis. Microorganisms in mangroves and enzymatic activities in plants can be utilized for a range of biotechnological and environmental uses. Bioactive compounds from mangrove resources show potential for creating bionanomaterials that can be utilized in environmental and biomedical fields. Bionanomaterials created from mangroves are incredibly effective in medical uses and cleaning up the environment. Bionanomaterials are produced by utilizing mangrove and various biomolecules obtained from mangrove plants as substances for the creation of nanoparticles. Bionanomaterials made from biomolecules offer benefits for the sustainable use of mangroves because of their large surface area, biocompatibility, and minimal toxicity. Here focuses on the potential of mangroves as a natural resource for producing bionanomaterials in various applications, promoting an eco-friendly approach. This chapter investigates various types of mangrove species and their elements utilized in creating nanoparticles, as well as the applications of the nanoparticles in therapy, agriculture, and industry. It also investigates the obstacles hindering the extensive utilization of plant-based nanoparticle synthesis. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Blockchain and the Evolving Internal Audit Function
Blockchain Technology indicates a transformative era for internal audit practices in the evolving digital finance and operations landscape. This research explores the internal audit function in a Blockchain-driven world, emphasizing the changing perspectives and methodologies necessitated by this disruptive technology. With its foundational principles of transparency, immutability, and decentralization, Blockchain presents challenges and opportunities for internal auditors. The paper delves into how Blockchain is poised to redefine traditional audit practices, moving towards more real-time and continuous auditing techniques. It examines the implications of Blockchain for risk assessment, fraud detection, and compliance, highlighting the shift towards proactive rather than reactive audit strategies. Furthermore, the research examines Blockchains opportunities and challenges to the internal audit function. This study provides insights into integrating Blockchain Technology in internal auditing through a comprehensive secondary data analysis. It proposes a roadmap for auditors to adapt and thrive in this new era. The findings underscore the importance of embracing technological advancements, advocating for a dynamic approach to audit practices that aligns with the complexities of a blockchain-driven world. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Enhancing Customer Satisfaction and Sales in Retail Environments: A Personalized Augmented Reality Approach for Dynamic Product Recommendations
This article explores the potential transformative impact of integrating augmented reality (AR) technology with personalized product recommendations in the retail industry. By leveraging ARs ability to overlay digital information onto the physical world, retailers can offer tailored suggestions based on individual preferences, past purchases, and real-time contextual cues, thereby enhancing customer satisfaction and driving sales. Through a comprehensive literature review and empirical analysis, the study investigates user experience, adoption factors, and the long-term effectiveness of AR-deep learning integration in retail settings. Findings reveal significant improvements in customer satisfaction, sales performance, inventory management, and employee productivity with the implementation of AR-Deep Learning technology. Additionally, the article presents an innovative framework that seamlessly integrates AR and deep learning models, demonstrating high accuracy in object recognition, real-time interaction, and enhanced user experience across various industries. While highlighting the studys limitations and areas for further research, this article underscores the importance of customer-centric strategies and technological innovation in optimizing the retail experience and driving business growth. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Multi-level Prediction of Financial Distress of Indian Companies Using Machine Learning
Predicting Financial Distress (FD) and shielding companies from reaching that stage is vital, even indispensable for every business. FD, if not attended to on time, ultimately leads to bankruptcy. Prediction variables are essential to forecast the wreckage in the business; however, the prediction is successful when suitable models are used. This study aims to predict FD at three levels: from mild to severe, by applying a machine learning algorithm. The study identifies modern models using the machine learning approach for predicting multi-level FD and summarises the significance of modern models through machine learning technology, to sustain the future development of the economy. The modern models are free from rigid assumptions and have proved to be the best in the prediction of FD. The results show that FD prediction is important at multiple stages. The models performance will be high when the best features are selected using the Pearson Correlation and SFS Feature selection approach. Among the ten models used in the study, LightGBM Classifier shows the highest performance of 80.43% accuracy without feature selection. However, with Pearson Correlation Approach and SFS Feature Selection methods, the accuracy is 82.68% and 86.95% respectively. This study has major implications for the stakeholders of the company to take timely decisions on their investment and for the management as a yardstick to check the performance of the business. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Financial Vulnerability in Households: Dissecting the Roots of Financial Instability
The phenomenon of household financial vulnerability, defined by unexpected shocksin income and expenditures, carries major implications for both individual households and the overall economy of a nation. For a considerable time, household debt has been widely acknowledged as the primary determinant of household financial vulnerability. This study aims to extend the analysis beyond the scope of household debt. Middle-income households may experience financial difficulties when faced with unexpected changes in income and expenses. These challenges can arise from several circumstances, including the inability to engage in discretionary activities such as dining out or vacations. For a very long time, it has been posited that low-income households exclusively experience financial vulnerability. Hence, it is imperative to thoroughly examine the concept of household financial vulnerability and its underlying factors to enhance households' ability to withstand adversities and better clarify the matter. In light of the prevailing economic recession triggered by the global pandemic and the ongoing confrontation between Russia and Ukraine, the significance of the matter is further underscored. This study aims to comprehensively define household financial vulnerability and examine its relationship with financial capability, digitalized payments, financial stress, and financial socialization. The current study anticipates establishing a foundational framework for future research endeavors in this specific field. Moreover, this paper also explores potential avenues for future research. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Navigating Financial Waters: Exploring the Intersection of Algorithmic Trading and Market Liquidity Dynamics
Algorithmic trading has ushered paradigm shift in trading. The market regulators although welcome this new technological advancement but are still keeping a tight leash. This can be owing to the contradicting and inconclusive evidence of its implications and impact on market microstructure. This study focuses on liquidity which is an integral part of a thriving stock market. We aim to examine if there is a statistical significance between volume of algorithmic orders and market capitalization. The liquidity provision is measured using Amihuds Illiquidity measure which is a proxy for measuring illiquidity. The liquidity measure is examined for chosen 8 stocks based on their market capitalization. The volume of algorithmic orders is examined using the Limit Order Book (LOB) data obtained from the BSE and orders for 23 trading days have been considered. We observe that large capitalization stocks display higher liquidity and algorithmic traders are able to contribute significantly to liquidity when compared to non-algorithmic traders. It was also looked at if there was a big difference in the amount of algorithmic trading done on stocks with big and small capitalization. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Innovation in TeachingExploring the Educators Perspective of AI Functions in Subject Pedagogy
The objective of the research is to gain insight into the viewpoints of educators regarding the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the teaching of academic subjects. The study endeavours to comprehend the most significant function of AI in attaining a successful teaching experience. Design/Methodology The study is an exploratory research design which utilises quantitative research strategy. Data is collected from students of Autonomous Institutions in Bangalore city. A convenience sampling technique is used to select 56 Educators. The data was analysed using the SPSS and AMOS software. Findings The studys results indicate that educators hold a favourable view of the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) features to enhance subject-specific teaching methods. According to the educators, the provision of instructions beyond the classroom and the facilitation of collaborative functions of artificial intelligence have the greatest impact on the effective delivery of subject matter to students. Originality This study is innovative in its methodology as it considers the viewpoint of educators regarding the role of Artificial Intelligence in the teaching of academic subjects. This study pertains to autonomous institutions located in Bangalore that possess the authority to develop their own subject pedagogies through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI). Implications This research will provide valuable insights for policymakers in the education industry and educational institutions regarding the perceptions of educators on the functions of artificial intelligence. The stakeholders can identify the ineffective functions which can either be substituted or eliminated. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Bridging the Digital Chasm: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Digital Divide in Shaping Healthcare Professionals
Industry 5.0 has ushered in a transformative era for the healthcare industry, propelling it towards a digitally empowered ecosystem. This paradigm shift underscores the indispensability of integrating advanced digital technologies into healthcare, not merely as an option but as a crucial necessity. This research delves into the profound impact of Industry 5.0 on healthcare, emphasizing the intersection of digital technologies, patient-centric care, and sustainable practices. Central to the investigation is the digital divide, which manifests as a catalytic intrusion into the healthcare sector's digital landscape. Regardless of demographic considerations among healthcare providers, the existing digital divide manifests in varying levels of access, skill, and offline outcomes and benefits. Our study meticulously explores the intricate dynamics of the digital divide within healthcare professionals, highlighting its influence on micro-level patient experience. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Interconnected Dynamics of Gold, Nifty, Crude Oil, and USD/INR: Insights from a Panel Data VAR Analysis
This study utilizes a panel data vector autoregression (PVAR) model to examine the relationships between Gold, Nifty, Crude Oil, and USD/INR, drawing from 3105 observations sourced from Yahoo Finance. Descriptive statistics reveal notable volatility, particularly in Gold and Crude Oil. Unit root tests confirm stationarity, crucial for time series analysis. Optimal lag selection recommends a lag order of 2, balancing model accuracy and complexity. Granger causality tests indicate limited predictive power, with gold influencing USD/INR unidirectionally. Impulse response function analysis and variance decomposition underscore Golds relative independence. Robustness tests affirm stability, highlighting USD/INRs endogeneity. This study enhances understanding of financial dynamics, offering insights for risk management, portfolio diversification, and monetary policy. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.