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Design and Development of Teaching and Learning Tool Using Sign Language Translator to Enhance the Learning Skills for Students With Hearing and Verbal Impairment
This research paper presents a system designed for the students with verbal and hearing impairments by enabling realtime Sign-to-Text and Text-to-Sign Language conversion, with a specific focus on the Indian Sign Language (ISL). The proposed study aligns to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of Quality Education. The system leverages cutting-edge technologies, MediaPipe for holistic key point extraction encompassing hand and facial movements, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) architecture powered by TensorFlow and Keras for accurate sign language interpretation. This comprehensive approach ensures nuanced aspects of sign language, such as facial expressions and hand movements, are faithfully represented. On the receiving end, the system excels at Text-to-Sign Language conversion, allowing non-sign language users to interact naturally with sign language users through textual input transformed into sign language animations and Sign-to-Text conversion where the information from the sign language users is converted to text which ensures smooth communication. A user-friendly web application, developed using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, enhances accessibility and intuitive usage for realtime communication. This research represents a significant advancement in assistive technology, promoting inclusivity and communication accessibility. It underlines the transformative potential of innovation infostering a more connected and inclusive world for all, regardless of their hearing abilities 2024 IEEE. -
Segregating direct and indirect dimensions in ecosystem services valuation: The case of a coastal wetland ecosystem of south india
This paper provides insights into the multiple (direct and indirect) benefits of Kuttanad coastal wetland ecosystem in Kerala. Total annual direct ecosystem services generated from the wetlands are INR 8.45 billion or USD 0.11 billion per annum at 2020 prices. The estimates of the case study indicate that the annual value of indirect ecosystem services is thrice of direct provisioning services (Rs 22.52 billion or USD 0.31 billion per annum at 2020 prices). The valuation study would improve the knowledge and awareness of economic importance of wetland ecosystems among the various stakeholders including the policy makers of the society and their sustainable management to benefit the society. 2021 Ecological Society of India. All rights reserved. -
PCR and Bio-signature for data confidentiality and integrity in mobile cloud computing
Cloud computing technology got relevance as computing paradigm, which delivers massively scalable computing technologies based on the Internet for the organizations. Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) allows users more possibilities to access services conveniently. But data security and privacy issues still act as barriers for adoption to cloud technology when dealing with confidential data. Encryption techniques play a significant role in ensuring data security in the Cloud. Various data encryption techniques have been evolved till the date of which DNA Computing techniques got wider acceptance due to biological complexity and computational properties of DNA. These features can be exploited to solve data security issues in MCC. This paper highlights the security issues in the MCC and proposes biocomputing solution approaches to address data security. A methodology is proposed based on the principle concepts of polymerase chain reaction and primer generation for ensuring data confidentiality and integrity. The security analysis of the proposed cryptosystem is evaluated by theoretical analysis, complexity and probability analysis. Formal analysis of the proposed protocol is done using Scyther and all the modeled claims are validated and positive results are obtained. 2018 The Authors -
DNA-based authentication to access internet of things-based healthcare data
Data security and privacy are always considered as critical aspects, especially in healthcare. The advent of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) has encouraged a great deal of attention in this digital era and helped to improve e-health services. IoT-based services in healthcare and their applications have led to potential growth of quality services in healthcare. However, the sensitive nature of healthcare data and IoT devices which store and collect real-time data makes it even more vulnerable to various attacks. With the development of digitalized data and IoT-based e-health systems, authentication mechanisms are essential to ensure both usability and security. Considering these aspects, a novel, secure user authentication scheme is proposed that uses user ID, unique ID (AADHAAR), password, DNA steganography, and hash function. An One Time Password method is also proposed to strengthen the device authentication. The Scyther tool is used for security analysis and to validate the claims. 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Experimental and finite element analysis of thermal stress on thermal spray coated AISI 304 stainless steel specimen using low cost solid lubricant
The scope of this work is to investigate the thermal stress on the CaF2 coated AISI 304 stainless steel substrate using both finite element analysis and experimental method. The influence of temperature and coating thickness on the thermal stress was investigated by conducting the test at different temperatures ranging from 100C to 1000C and by varying the coating thickness at 250, 350 and 450m. Stoneys equation was then used to investigate the thermal stress analytically and the finite element analysis results were then compared with the analytical results. From the experimental results it was found that the specimen coated with 450m coating thickness has better resistance to thermal stress compared to other samples taken for investigation. The experimental results were then validated to confirm the effectiveness of the coating thickness by conducting a confirmation test using thermal shock test to validate the results experimentally. The samples after the thermal shock test were examined using SEM, revealing numerous cracks, voids and peel off of the coating as the major reason for higher thermal stress on samples coated with 250 and 350m. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2023. -
Corrosion studies on low-cost solid lubricant coated stainless steel specimen
AISI 304 stainless steel is widely used in industries owing to its many desirable qualities like excellent formability, drawability and resistance to corrosion. However, AISI 304 stainless steel corrodes when exposed to halide environment such as chloride and fluoride. This study is primarily focused to assess the anti-corrosion properties of AISI 304 steel when coated with CaF2 solid lubricant. CaF2 solid lubricant was synthesized from the discarded egg-shells by ion exchange method by treating the egg-shell powder with hydrogen fluoride solution. Thermal spray coating method was used to coat the synthesized CaF2 solid lubricant on the AISI 304 stainless steel specimen. Slurry erosion test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test were conducted on the coated and uncoated specimen to assess the corrosion resistance. From the experimental results, the corrosion rate of the coated specimen was found to be very effective compared to the uncoated specimen. 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
A review on the scope of using calcium fluoride as a multiphase coating and reinforcement material for wear resistant applications
Solid lubricants play a vital role in the smooth and safe operation of many tribological industrial applications like cutting and forming tools, rolling and sliding contact bearings, gears, cams and protective coating in gas turbine engines for aerospace applications. Generally liquid lubricants are widely used for reducing the friction between the contacting parts which reduce the wear rate and increase the life of the parts. However, these liquid lubricants become useless when they are exposed to high temperature, high pressure and vacuum environmental conditions. Solid lubricants are those materials that can suitably reduce the friction and wear between the contacting or sliding surfaces that are in extreme environments like low and high temperature and pressure. Among the different types of solid lubricants, calcium fluoride is widely used owing to its excellent lubricity at elevated temperature. This paper initially describes the criteria for selecting solid lubricant and provides a comprehensive summary on calcium fluoride solid lubricant which can be used as a coating material in various high temperature metal and ceramic matrix composites for wear resistant applications. Further, investigations related to the selection of optimized coating parameters, synerging multiphase solid lubricants and soft metals with optimal percentage, selection of filler materials, mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion and its impact on coating life are summarised and discussed. Finally, the scope of synthesizing calcium fluoride solid lubricant from discarded eggshell powders is explored. 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
An efficient adaptive reconfigurable routing protocol for optimized data packet distribution in network on chips
The deadlock-free and live lock-free routing at the same time is minimized in the network on chip (NoC) using the proposed adoptive reconfigurable routing protocol (ARRP). Congestion condition emergencies are avoided using the proposed algorithm. The input packet distribution process is improved among all its shortest paths of output points. The performance analysis has been initiated by considering different configuration (N*N) mesh networks, by sending various ranges of data packets to the network on chip. The average and maximum power dissipation of XY, odd-even, Dy-XY algorithm, and proposed algorithm are determined. In this paper, an analysis of gate utilization during data packet transfer in various mesh configurations is carried out. The number of cycles required for each message injection in different mesh configurations is analyzed. The proposed routing algorithm is implemented and compared with conventional algorithms. The simulation has been carried out using reconfigurable two-dimensional mesh for the NoC. The proposed algorithm has been implemented considering array size, the routing operating frequency, link width length, value of probability, and traffic types. The proposed ARRP algorithm reduces the average latency, avoids routing congestion, and is more feasible for NoC compared to conventional methods. 2024 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Comparative Study on GANs and VAEs in Credit Card Fraud Detection
In today's world, the major issue credit card sectors encounter is fraud. This comparative study deals with how GANs and VAEs detect fraudulent transactions. The dataset comprised 284807 transactions, of which 492 were fraudulent. These two models, GANs and VAEs, are trained on this dataset, during which, in the training process, the models are learned to deal with the imbalance in the dataset. VAEs are trained so that fraud transactions are considered anomalies, and only legitimate transactions are passed onto the model for training. Conversely, GANs generate synthetic data of fraud by addressing the problem of data imbalance and passed on to the ML model for classification. We can observe that Both the models have very good AUC-ROC scores of around 96%, which indicates their distinguishing capability between the classes. In all other aspects, GANs outperformed VAEs, which makes GANs a better option for fraud detection. 2024 IEEE. -
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Urbanization and the impact on economic development
Urbanization is a global trend that has both positive and negative impacts on economic development. Urban areas are hubs of innovation, investment, and job creation, leading to increased productivity and economic growth. It also brings challenges such as rapid population growth, environmental degradation, and social inequality. Industrialization, closely linked to urbanization, drives economic growth but leads to environmental and social issues. Balancing the benefits of industrialization with sustainable development and social inclusion is crucial. Policymakers ensure that economic growth is shared equitably, and develop environmentally and socially sustainable. Urbanization poses challenges in terms of strained infrastructure, inadequate housing, and social exclusion. These challenges need to be addressed through comprehensive approaches, including investments in infrastructure, education, social welfare, and sustainable urban design. Government, civil society, and private sector partnerships play a vital role in promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Transformation of India as investor of outward fdi: A systematic investigation of literature
Besides the economic transformation and industrial up-gradation, Indian enterprises have steadily intensified their overseas investment venture during recent years. A systematic literature review performed to inspect the strategic motives and Outward FDI (OFDI) impact on emerging economies like India. This paper explores relevant theories, strategic rationale, and economic policies that propel the present OFDI trend from India. The effort taken by the Indian government to promote innovations were Cross border commercial and industrial collaboration. These efforts flagged the way for more Outward FDI possibilities in the future (Welch, 1988). This study comprises the literature works till the year 2019, which includes research journals and reports. The analysis observes that knowledge-based industries drive India's Outward FDI and examine whether knowledge-based industries contribute to sustaining long-term domestic and international growth (Pradhan J.P., 2005; Narayanan, 2016). Indian Institute of Finance. -
Indias Outward FDI: Macro-economic Determinants of Home Country
Nevertheless, a gap in the literature remains on the choice of investment destination and rationale backing the investment of Indian MNEs. The study examines the diverse home country determinants of outward FDI from low-and middle-income economies also the motive behind the investment of MNEs, which gained little attention in empirical studies. The role of home country determinants investigated for the most recent period, 1991-2019, using a panel data econometric framework. Results indicate that the home country's economic development level, globalization, political risk and science and technology investments significantly correspond to outward FDI from low-and middle-income countries. The present study analysis recommended that low and middle income governments provide incentivesto attract and retain FDI. Indian Institute of Finance. -
Navigating the digital frontier: Trends, innovation, and challenges in industry 5.0
Industry 5.0 is a shift in industrial processes involving robots and AI, enhancing efficiency and customization. International organizations are implementing Industry 5.0, leveraging cognitive virtual minds, AI, additive technologies, and 5G networks. However, Industry 5.0 presents challenges such as job displacement by low adaptability machines and requires substantial investments to transform existing industrial setups. Creative thinking, cybersecurity, and human-machine collaboration are essential for overcoming these challenges. Cyber-Physical system integration, cybersecurity, IoT, AI, and human-machine collaboration are key strategies. Continuous learning, virtual training, and digital twin technology are essential for a skilled workforce. Collaboration is essential for tackling complex digital issues, and organizations must anticipate future trends and prepare for technological breakthroughs. Ethical thinking and responsible AI practices are also crucial. Industry 5.0 is a transformative journey involving advanced technologies into manufacturing processes. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Global Trade and Food Security
Global trade can increase food availability and improve food security by facilitating food movement between countries and regions. However, it also poses challenges to food security, including the displacement of small-scale farmers and food producers, food safety risks, dependence on imports, and the distortion of global trade through agricultural subsidies. To ensure food security in global trade, a coordinated and multi-sectoral approach is needed that promotes sustain-able and equitable food systems, local food production, and food safety. Addressing these challenges is critical for ensuring the adequacy and accessibility of sufficient, safe, and nutritious food while fostering economic development and environmental sustainability. Economic development and government policies are crucial deter-minants of a countrys ability to engage in global trade and ensure food security. Climate and weather patterns, agricultural practices, infrastructure and transporta-tion, and market demand influence food security significantly. Furthermore, interna-tional conflicts disrupt trade and impact food security. Policymakers must consider all these factors while developing policies promoting trade and ensuring food secu-rity. To solve these complicated concerns and promote sustainable agriculture and trade practices, governments, international organizations, and the corporate sector must work in concert to improve food security. Food security has a significant impact on global trade, as the availability and accessibility of food directly affect a countrys ability to engage in international trade. When a country experiences food shortages may reduce or halt its exports, causing a ripple effect in the global economy and leading to higher food prices and insecurity in other countries that rely on imported food. Nevertheless, economies with high levels of food security and surplus food production are better positioned to engage in global trade. They export food to other countries, generating revenue and supporting economic growth by creating trade barriers, as importing countries may reject or restrict such food products, nega-tively impacting global trade. In addition to the economic impacts, food security also has broader societal and environmental implications. For example, food insecu-rity can lead to malnutrition, affecting individuals physical and cognitive develop-ment, particularly children. Moreover, unsustainable agricultural practices can lead to environmental degradation, affecting biodiversity, soil quality, and water resources, affecting food security. The determinants of food security in global trade and its impact are analyzed in this chapter. Since food security is an essential factor in inter-national trade, impacting trade flows, economic growth, and public health. Promoting sustainable agriculture and trade practices and building robust food security systems can support a more resilient and equitable global food system, benefiting producers and consumers. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Studies on Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Laterite Masonry Prisms
Vol-04, No.02, April ISNN: 0974-5904 -
Free vibration studies of box type laterite masonry structures
Vol.39, N0.3, /august -September 2012 pp 332-346 -
Exclusion of Chromium(VI) Ion in Grueling Activated Carbon Fabricated from Manilkara zapota Tree Wood by Adsorption: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology
The current paper makes obvious the elimination of chromium(VI) ion, from wastewater via adsorption technique with activated carbon generated from Manilkara zapota tree (MZTWAC). Preliminarily MZTWAC has undergone characterization studies which uncovered the suitability of MZTWAC to expel chromium(VI) from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experimentation was premeditated with the competence of central composite design (CCD) and it was executed. Response surface methodology (RSM) was the key optimization software to appraise the adsorptive chattels of MZTWAC engaged in removing chromium(VI) ion in aqueous solution which explored the interactions flanked between four expounding variables explicitly initial concentration of chromium(VI) ion, pH of the solution, MZTWAC dose and time of exposure, and contact time. The response variable that was concentrated in the study was adsorption capacity. It was deduced a polynomial in quadratic equation was documented amid the adsorption capacity and variables influencing the adsorption with R2=0.9792 which was projected as the best suit for the adsorption process. ANOVA that is expanded as analysis of variance judged the connotation of adsorption process variables. 0.2 g of MZTWAC dosage has removed 87.629% chromium(VI) from aqueous solution. The enhancement of adsorption process reclined on the attainment of maximum adsorption capacity which further depends on the optimization of variables under consideration. This criterion was accomplished by the desirability function optimizing the process variables. 2022 S. Sujatha et al. -
Investigation of detoxification nature of activated carbons developed from Manilkara zapota and de oiled soya
Heavy metals are poisonous and detrimental water contaminant. Their existence affects human beings, animals and vegetation as a outcome of their mobility in aqueous ecosystem, toxicity and nonbiodegradability. This work aimed at the development of new adsorbent in the detoxification of heavy metals using Manilkara zapota tree wood and de oiled soya. The study completely focused on the characterization of the developed activation in the view of using it as a adsorbent. The characterization of activated carbon was effected SEM analysis, FTIR, XRD analysis and surface area determination. Both the activation carbon have showed a tremendous characterization in their employability as adsorbent in adsorption of heavy metals in aqueous solution. 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
A critical review of Cr(VI) ion effect on mankind and its amputation through adsorption by activated carbon
A toxic heavy metal is a one which is plausibly dense metal or metalloid that is eminent for its prospective toxicity, particularly in environmental context. Heavy metal poisoning may crop up as an upshot of air or water contamination, exposure to industrial activities, foodstuffs, medicines, coarsely coated food containers, etc. The present review highlights various issues related to the effects of Cr (VI) heavy metal toxicity to human health and its adsorption from wastewater using low cost adsorbents. Many researchers have lay their endeavor to ascertain low-priced adsorbents that are effortlessly available and have power over the sensible adsorption capacity. It is perceptible from the literature survey that the revealed adsorbents have established stupendous removal capabilities for Cr (VI) metal ions. As the convention of heavy metal Cr (VI) is increased, it is implicit that there is a strong need for research to remove Cr (VI) heavy metal ions from wastewater to trim down the problem of soaring anthropogenic pressure and burly tendency to mount up in living organisms. 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.