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              <text>Unveiling the Role of Psychological Pain within Informal Institutions in Addressing Intimate Partner Violence</text>
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              <text>Informal Institution; Intimate Partner Violence; Trauma; Unbearable Pain; Visual Impairment</text>
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              <text>This study redefines the exploration of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) by emphasizing psychological pain as the pivotal element of trauma, shifting away from focusing solely on aftermath experiences. Psychological pain has been considered as a core area for this research through the lens of biopsychosocial model and unbearable psychache. These theoretical approaches examine psychological pain as the foundational factor in subsequent victim experiences and reactions involved in intimate partner violences (IPV). Utilizing an in-depth case study method, it rigorously analyzes a victim's narrative within the IPV realm, detailing the intricate connection between psychological pain and resulting trauma. The participant of this study is visually impaired and the perceived pain and its intensity in the context of disability have also been analyzed. This pain significantly influences victimization and exacerbates physical suffering. IPV, trauma, and visual impairment intersect, creating complex challenges for individuals and communities. The paper discusses pain and IPV in the context of informal institutions and their complementary or challenging roles. By emphasizing psychological pain as the core of trauma dynamics, this research redefines the understanding of pain involved in IPV. The insights gained can contribute to the crucial implications for interventions among survivors in the realm of intimate partner violence.  2024 by authors, all rights reserved.</text>
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              <text>Varghese S.T.; Sateeshchandra N.G.; Patavardhan R.</text>
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              <text>Universal Journal of Public Health, Vol-12, No. 3, pp. 569-576.</text>
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              <text>Horizon Research Publishing</text>
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              <text>2024-01-01</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.13189/ujph.2024.120314" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.13189/ujph.2024.120314&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85199786600&amp;amp;doi=10.13189%2Fujph.2024.120314&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=a48b95a463afdbc894b11fb970aabb4e" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85199786600&amp;amp;doi=10.13189%2fujph.2024.120314&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=a48b95a463afdbc894b11fb970aabb4e&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>All Open Access; Gold Open Access</text>
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              <text>ISSN: 23318880</text>
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              <text>Online</text>
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              <text>English</text>
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              <text>Varghese S.T., Jindal Institute of Behavioral Sciences, O P Jindal Global University, India; Sateeshchandra N.G., Berlin School of Business and Innovation, Berlin, Germany; Patavardhan R., Department of Economics, Christ University, India</text>
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