Universal vortex statistics and stochastic geometry of Bose-Einstein condensation

Title

Universal vortex statistics and stochastic geometry of Bose-Einstein condensation

Creator

Thudiyangal M.; Del Campo A.

Description

The cooling of a Bose gas in finite time results in the formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate that is spontaneously proliferated with vortices. We propose that the vortex spatial statistics is described by a homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP) with a density dictated by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM). We validate this model using numerical simulations of the two-dimensional stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation (SGPE) for both a homogeneous and a hard-wall trapped condensate. The KZM scaling of the average vortex number with the cooling rate is established along with the universal character of the vortex number distribution. The spatial statistics between vortices is characterized by analyzing the two-point defect-defect correlation function, the corresponding spacing distributions, and the random tessellation of the vortex pattern using the Voronoi cell area statistics. Combining the PPP description with the KZM, we derive universal theoretical predictions for each of these quantities and find them in agreement with the SGPE simulations. Our results establish the universal character of the spatial statistics of point-like topological defects generated during a continuous phase transition and the associated stochastic geometry. 2024 authors. Published by the American Physical Society.

Source

Physical Review Research, Vol-6, No. 3

Date

2024-01-01

Publisher

American Physical Society

Coverage

Thudiyangal M., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576 104, India, Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg; Del Campo A., Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg, Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebasti, E-20018, Spain

Rights

Restricted Access

Relation

ISSN: 26431564

Format

Online

Language

English

Type

Article

Identifier

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.033152

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