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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Articles</text>
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    <name>Article</name>
    <description>Faculty Publications -Articles</description>
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        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <text>Effect of hooked end steel fibers on strength and durability properties of ambient cured geopolymer concrete</text>
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        <element elementId="49">
          <name>Subject</name>
          <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="96242">
              <text>Ambient cured; Durability; Geopolymer concrete; Hooked end steel fibers; Strength</text>
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        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <text>Growing carbon emissions in the construction industry have warranted the use of alternative materials such as geopolymer concrete. At the same time exposure of concrete material to harsh environmental conditions has compelled to design of durable geopolymer concrete. The use of hooked-end steel fibers in conventional fiber-reinforced concrete has proven to improve its crack resistance, and thus, positively influence the durability properties of concrete structures. Nevertheless, limited studies explore the effect of hooked-end steel fibers on the strength and durability properties of ambient cured geopolymer concrete with a low NaOH content (i.e., 8 M concentration). In this study, ambient cured geopolymer concrete was prepared by fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), NaOH, Na2SiO3, manufactured sand, and natural coarse aggregates. Additionally, hooked-end steel fibers with an aspect ratio of 67 were added to the mix by volume fraction in dosages of 0 %, 0.5 %, 1 %, 1.5 %, and 2 %. The experimental results showed that the addition of fibers reduced the workability with a minimum slump of 70 mm and a maximum Vee Bee time of 8 s for mixes with 2 % steel fibers. The addition of fibers improved the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of geopolymer concrete, with a maximum strength of 41.44 MPa, 4.28 MPa, and 5.23 MPa at an optimum fiber dose of 1 %, respectively. Above the optimum dose, the strength of the steel fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete (SFRGPC) was reduced. The depth of water penetration reduced in SFRGPC when compared to GPC. Moreover, the resistance to chloride ion penetration was not significantly affected by addition of steel fibers till optimum dose of 1 %. The scanning electron microscopic results revealed the positive effect of steel fibers in restricting the progression of cracks. This has resulted in smaller crack width in the SFRGPC when compared to GPC. Overall, steel fibers in optimum dose have improved the performance of geopolymer concrete and this will contribute towards low carbon material.  2023 The Authors</text>
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        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <text>Laxmi G.; Patil S.; Hossiney N.; Thejas H.K.</text>
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          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <text>Case Studies in Construction Materials, Vol-18</text>
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          <name>Publisher</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="96246">
              <text>Elsevier Ltd</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="96247">
              <text>2023-01-01</text>
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          <name>Identifier</name>
          <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e02122" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e02122&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85158006602&amp;amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cscm.2023.e02122&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=4111ec9dc0444f2a11f9152d54d2120a" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85158006602&amp;amp;doi=10.1016%2fj.cscm.2023.e02122&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=4111ec9dc0444f2a11f9152d54d2120a&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Rights</name>
          <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="96249">
              <text>All Open Access; Gold Open Access</text>
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          <name>Relation</name>
          <description>A related resource</description>
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              <text>ISSN: 22145095</text>
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          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <text>Online</text>
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          <name>Language</name>
          <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="96252">
              <text>English</text>
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        <element elementId="51">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <text>Article</text>
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          <name>Coverage</name>
          <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <text>Laxmi G., PDA College of Engineering, Karnataka, Gulbarga, India, Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Patil S., Sharnbasva University, Vidya Nagar, Karnataka, Gulbarga, India; Hossiney N., Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Thejas H.K., Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India</text>
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