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              <text>Review of Development and Characterisation of Shape Memory Polymer Composites Fabricated Using Additive Manufacturing Technology </text>
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          <name>Subject</name>
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              <text>3D printing; 4D printing; mechanical properties; polymer composites; shape memory polymers</text>
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              <text>Structures as well as components are generated by depositing filaments on one another via the technique of additive manufacturing. Among the various processes of printing, 4D printing combines the technology of 3D printing with the passage of time, resulting in additively generated parts that are responsive to stimuli from the outside via modifications of their form, volume, size, or mechanical qualities. Thus, the materials of shape memory are used in 4D printing and respond to environmental factors including temperature, pH, and humidity. Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are materials with a shape memory effect that are best suited for additive manufacturing. Contrarily, the method named fused filament fabrication (FFF) is employed most frequently among all additive manufacturing methods. In this regard, the objective of the present study is to evaluate all investigations that have been conducted on 4D-FFF materials mechanical properties. The study offers an unparalleled overview that highlights the possibilities of 4D FFF printing across multiple applications in engineering while keeping the end structures or components structural integrity in consideration.  2023 by the authors.</text>
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              <text>Tambrallimath V.; Keshavamurthy R.; Badari A.; Raj G.; S P.G.</text>
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              <text>Engineering Proceedings, Vol-59, No. 1</text>
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              <text>Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)</text>
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              <text>2023-01-01</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2023059079" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2023059079&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186397585&amp;amp;doi=10.3390%2Fengproc2023059079&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=32ba846c7207ddf1ed01e9f68300cd15" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186397585&amp;amp;doi=10.3390%2fengproc2023059079&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=32ba846c7207ddf1ed01e9f68300cd15&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access</text>
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              <text>ISSN: 26734591</text>
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              <text>Online</text>
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              <text>English</text>
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              <text>Tambrallimath V., Department of Automobile Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560078, India; Keshavamurthy R., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560078, India; Badari A., Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, 3168, Australia; Raj G., Thompson Aero Seating Ltd., Banbridge, BT65 5JB, United Kingdom; S P.G., Department of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Christ Deemed to be University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India</text>
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