Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Article Faculty Publications -Articles Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early Identification and Detection of Driver Drowsiness by Hybrid Machine Learning Subject The topic of the resource accidents; Driver drowsiness; facial expression; machine learning Description An account of the resource Drunkenness or exhaustion is a leading cause of car accidents, with severe implications for road safety. More fatal accidents could be avoided if fatigued drivers were warned ahead of time. Several drowsiness detection technologies to monitor for signs of inattention while driving and notifying the driver can be adopted. Sensors in self-driving cars must detect if a driver is sleepy, angry, or experiencing extreme changes in their emotions, such as anger. These sensors must constantly monitor the driver's facial expressions and detect facial landmarks in order to extract the driver's state of expression presentation and determine whether they are driving safely. As soon as the system detects such changes, it takes control of the vehicle, immediately slows it down, and alerts the driver by sounding an alarm to make them aware of the situation. The proposed system will be integrated with the vehicle's electronics, tracking the vehicle's statistics and providing more accurate results. In this paper, we have implemented real-time image segmentation and drowsiness using machine learning methodologies. In the proposed work, an emotion detection method based on Support Vector Machines (SVM) has been implemented using facial expressions. The algorithm was tested under variable luminance conditions and outperformed current research in terms of accuracy. We have achieved 83.25 % to detect the facial expression change. 2013 IEEE. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Altameem A.; Kumar A.; Poonia R.C.; Kumar S.; Saudagar A.K.J. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived IEEE Access, Vol-9, pp. 162805-162819. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-01-01 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3131601" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3131601</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120584518&amp;doi=10.1109%2FACCESS.2021.3131601&amp;partnerID=40&amp;md5=d3db07c29350cac4cecb25a868493db6" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120584518&amp;doi=10.1109%2fACCESS.2021.3131601&amp;partnerID=40&amp;md5=d3db07c29350cac4cecb25a868493db6</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource All Open Access; Gold Open Access Relation A related resource ISSN: 21693536 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Online Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Article Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Altameem A., Department of Computer Science, College of Applied Studies, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia; Kumar A., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology Management and Gramothan, Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302017, India; Poonia R.C., Department of Computer Science, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Kumar S., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560074, India; Saudagar A.K.J., Information Systems Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia