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              <text>Orality, Literacy, and Modernity: A Reading of The Legends of Khasak</text>
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              <text>What is the relationship between literacy and culture? It is not possible to give a simple answer to this question. Eric Havelock, while commenting on ancient Greek culture and literacy, observes that the classic culture of Greece had attained an advanced stage even before the emergence of Greek script. It continued to exist as an oral culture for a long time (Havelock 1963, 117120). A culture without a script is not uncivilized or underdeveloped. Havelock observes: One can propose with assurance that the pre-Homeric epoch  the Dark Age  yields for the historian what might be called a controlled experiment in non-literacy. Here, if anywhere,  we can study those conditions on which a total culture, and a very complex one, relied for its preservation upon oral tradition alone. (pp. 11718)  2025 selection and editorial matter, E.V. Ramakrishnan and K.C. Muraleedharan; individual chapters, the contributors.</text>
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              <text>Ramakrishnan E.V.; Mankulam D.</text>
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              <text>O. V. Vijayan: The Critical Insider, pp. 108-115.</text>
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              <text>2024-01-01</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003159322-23" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003159322-23&lt;/a&gt;
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              <text>ISBN: 978-104027447-7; 978-036771574-8</text>
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              <text>Ramakrishnan E.V.; Mankulam D., CHRIST (deemed-to-be University), Bangalore, India</text>
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