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    <name>Conference Paper</name>
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              <text>Mobile Freeze-Net with Attention-based Loss Function for Covid-19 Detection from an Imbalanced CXR Dataset</text>
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              <text>attention-based loss function; chest X-ray (CXR) images; class imbalance; Covid-19 detection; mobile freeze-net</text>
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              <text>In this paper, we present a novel framework, that is, Mobile Freeze-Net along with Attention-based Loss Function, for Covid-19 detection from a Chest X-Ray (CXR) dataset. First, we have observed that by freezing 50% of a Mobile Net-V2 model (means fine-tuning 50% layers from ImageNet dataset) has automatically removed the class imbalance problem from the CXR dataset considerably. We call this 50% frozen Mobile Net-V2 model as Mobile Freeze-Net. Secondly, we have proposed an Attention-based Loss function, which provides more attention to the class, having higher inter-class similarity. We have computed attention weights for each class from the statistical inference of the dataset itself, by employing a Monte-Carlo method and thereafter, we have incorporated those weights into WCCE loss function of Mobile Freeze-Net model. By utilizing Mobile freeze-Net, we have achieved testing accuracy, F1 score, precision and recall of 93%, 94%, 93% and 94% respectively. This is approximately 3-4% improvement compared to 100% fine tuning of Mobile-Net V2. Furthermore, we have achieved approximate 1-2% improvement of Mobile Freeze-Net, after incorporating Attention-based Loss function. For the validity of the proposed framework, we have conducted experiments with 10-fold cross validation. All these experimental results suggest that our proposed framework has outperformed other existing models considerably.   2023 Owner/Author(s).</text>
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              <text>Roy S.; Khurana R.</text>
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              <text>Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, pp. 611-613.</text>
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              <text>Association for Computing Machinery</text>
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              <text>2023-01-01</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3555776.3577825" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1145/3555776.3577825&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85162901128&amp;amp;doi=10.1145%2F3555776.3577825&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=44bc5f929758cc88a9c62a1e60e45497" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85162901128&amp;amp;doi=10.1145%2f3555776.3577825&amp;amp;partnerID=40&amp;amp;md5=44bc5f929758cc88a9c62a1e60e45497&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>ISBN: 978-145039517-5</text>
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              <text>Roy S., Christ (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, India; Khurana R., Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Engineering, New Delhi, India</text>
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