The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Neurodegenerative Diseases
subject: Bacteroidetes; brain; disorders; Firmicutes; gut; nerves; neurodegeneration; probiotics
description: The human gut has a rich and dynamic microbial population that plays an important role in many physiological activities. This review explores the complex interaction between the gut microbiota and human health, with an emphasis on its effect on neurodegenerative illnesses. The makeup of the gut microbiome and its impact on brain function through the gutbrain axis is highlighted. Dysbiosis, characterized by changes in the gut microbiotas composition, has been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Huntingtons, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A Bidirectional communication between the stomach and the brain takes place via a variety of channels, including neurotransmitters and metabolites generated by gut bacteria. We investigate the processes through which dysbiosis causes neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal damage, which drive disease development. Potential therapeutic approaches that focus on the gut microbiota, such as antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are reviewed, with promising preclinical and clinical findings. Overall, this study emphasizes the relevance of gut microbiota to neurodegenerative illnesses, as well as the need to understand and target the gut-brain axis for future treatment options. 2024 by the authors.
creator: Philip Mani A.; Balasubramanian B.; Mali L.A.; Joseph K.S.; Meyyazhagan A.; Pappuswamy M.; Joseph B.V.
source: Microbiology Research, Vol-15, No. 2, pp. 489-507.
publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
date: 2024-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 20367473; LS; 2023-2024;Vol-1; 1051-1069
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Philip Mani A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea; Mali L.A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Pappuswamy M., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Joseph B.V., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India