Toxic Effects of Nanoparticles on Fish Embryos

Title

Toxic Effects of Nanoparticles on Fish Embryos

Creator

Gopalraaj J.; Manikantan P.; Arun M.; Balamuralikrishnan B.; Anand A.V.

Description

Nanoparticles are used widely in the in-drug delivery, diagnostics, cosmetics, paints, electronics, fabrics, solar cells, medicines etc. Their wide application is due to their special properties which include minute size, high reaction rate, increased surface area and quantum effect. Despite their multiple applications, nanoparticles have harmful effects too due to their improper disposal causing their entry into the aquatic environment greatly threatening the ecological security as well as our health. Zebra fishes (Danio rerio) are used more commonly for the evaluation of toxicity and are considered a promising animal model. Studies on Salmon and Labeo rohita have also been used for toxicity evaluation. Nanoparticles affect the embryo more easily than the adult since the embryo are more sensitive. Hence it becomes important for us to study the effect of the nanoparticles on the embryo of the fishes. These nanoparticles have the ability to cross the chorion layer and affect the developing embryo. Since the fishes are a part of the food chain, when these organisms get affected they will eventually harm the humans too. This review focuses on the effect of metal nanoparticles (NPs) like gold(Au), silver(Ag), copper(Cu), platinum and metal oxides nanoparticles like titanium dioxide, aluminium oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide zinc oxide on the embryonic development of fish embryos. When compared to the other nanoparticles (NPs) like silver, copper and platinum, it has been observed that the gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) showed no toxicity to embryos of zebrafish though few studies contradict this. Aluminium nanoparticles showed no toxicity and role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in enhancing the toxicity of nanoparticles have also been discussed. 2021 World Research Association. All rights reserved.

Source

Research Journal of Biotechnology, Vol-16, No. 12, pp. 140-149.

Date

2021-01-01

Publisher

World Research Association

Subject

Metal oxide; Metal toxicity; Nanoparticles; Nanotoxicity; Pollution

Coverage

Gopalraaj J., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Manikantan P., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Arun M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Balamuralikrishnan B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; Anand A.V., Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Bharathiar University, Tamilnadu, Coimbatore, 641046, India

Rights

Restricted Access

Relation

ISSN: 9736263

Format

Online

Language

English

Type

Review

Identifier

https://doi.org/10.25303/1612rjbt140149

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85123557688&doi=10.25303%2f1612rjbt140149&partnerID=40&md5=152600f5aadf4f2a7b8ba79bb5b09369