ItemArticle

Analytical investigation of heat transfer in multilayer human eye based on dual-phase-lag thermoelastic theory

Title
Analytical investigation of heat transfer in multilayer human eye based on dual-phase-lag thermoelastic theory
Creator
Singhal, Abhinav; Ghosh, Soumi; Saeed, Abdulkafi Mohammed; Abass, Kasim Sakran; Hundekari, Sheela; Seema; Chaudhary, Anjali
Description
Thermal damage to ocular tissues is a critical medical concern because even small temperature elevations can impair corneal endothelial function, accelerate cataract formation, and disrupt retinal metabolism. This issue is particularly relevant in regions with intense thermal environments, such as Saudi Arabia, where preventive health care and advanced biomedicalfacilities are required. This study develops a predictive framework for estimating temperature distributions within the human eye under external heat exposure. A dual-phase-lag (DPL) bioheat transfer model incorporating two thermal relaxation times is formulated to capture finite speed thermal wave propagation in the multilayer structure of the eye, and closed-form analytical solutions are obtained using a normal mode approach. A mechanics-informed machine learning surrogate model is then constructed using data generated from the analytical DPL solutions, enabling rapid prediction of intraocular temperature across the parameter space. Parametric investigations examine the effects of ambient temperature, evaporation rate, tissue porosity, and blood perfusion on the thermal response of the six ocular layers. Comparisons with the LordShulman and classical Fourier models reveal important differences in predicted temperature behavior under non-Fourier heat transfer. Additional analysesincluding thermal safety mapping, sensitivity assessment, and response surface visualizationprovide further insight into the combined influence of environmental and physiological parameters. The results show that non-Fourier thermal effects significantly influence peak intraocular temperature, while ambient temperature and evaporation dominate anterior eye heating and perfusion primarily affects deeper tissues. The present model assumes axisymmetric geometry and temperature-independent material properties, which may be extended in future studies using three-dimensional or patient-specific models. Overall, the proposed hybrid analyticalmachine learning framework provides an efficient tool for ocular thermal risk assessment and supports the development of preventive strategies for populations exposed to extreme thermal environments. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026.
Source
Archive of Applied Mechanics;Volume;96;Issue;5;Article No.;97;
Date
01-01-2026
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Subject
Dual-phase-lag bioheat equation; Multilayer biological media; Non-Fourier heat transfer; Ocular thermodynamics; Parametric sensitivity; Thermal wave propagation; Thermomechanical safety assessment
Coverage
Singhal A., Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Ghosh S., Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Delhi, India; Saeed A.M., Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia; Abass K.S., University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, 36001, Iraq; Hundekari S., School of Computer Applications, SOET Pimpri Chinchwad University Sate Maval, Pune, India; Seema, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Chaudhary A., Department of Management, College of Business Administration, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
Rights
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
Relation
ISSN: 9391533; CODEN: AAMEE
Format
online
Language
English
Type
Article

Citation

Singhal, Abhinav; Ghosh, Soumi; Saeed, Abdulkafi Mohammed; Abass, Kasim Sakran; Hundekari, Sheela; Seema; Chaudhary, Anjali, “Analytical investigation of heat transfer in multilayer human eye based on dual-phase-lag thermoelastic theory,” CHRIST (Deemed To Be University) Institutional Repository, accessed June 17, 2026, https://archives.christuniversity.in/items/show/21843.

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