ItemArticle

Colorimetric Indicator Solution from Sappan Heartwood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Extract for Milk Quality Monitoring

Title
Colorimetric Indicator Solution from Sappan Heartwood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Extract for Milk Quality Monitoring
Creator
Nagpal, Simran; P, Chaithra K.; S, Sreelekha; P, Vinod T.
Description
This study utilizes Caesalpinia sappan L., traditionally valued for its culinary and medicinal uses, to develop a colorimetric indicator solution for monitoring milk spoilage. The indicator provides real-time updates on milk freshness through color changes induced by biochemical alterations during spoilage. The color of the indicator solution transitions distinctly from orange-red to orange to yellow as the pH shifts from 7.00 to 5.50 to 3.50, correlating with progressive stages of spoilage. An orange-red color was observed for the fresh stage, orange color for about to be spoilt, and yellow color for the spoilt stage of milk samples. The colorimetric changes are attributed to the presence of Brazelin in Caesalpinia sappan L. Digital images of the indicator solution treated with milk samples were analyzed using RGB (red, green, and blue) indices, with the green chromatic shift serving as a reliable parameter for quantifying color changes, providing reliable assessment of milk spoilage. Findings of this study highlight a simple, accessible, and accurate method for milk quality monitoring that requires no specialized equipment or trained personnel, making it suitable for food safety practices in resource-limited settings. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.
Source
Food Analytical Methods;Volume;18;Issue;12;pp.2774-2789
Date
01-01-2025
Publisher
Springer
Subject
Caesalpinia sappanL; Colorimetric indicator; Food safety; Milk spoilage; RGB analysis
Coverage
Nagpal S., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; P C.K., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; S S., Tagore Memorial Higher Secondary School, Kerala, Vellora, Kannur, 670306, India; P V.T., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India
Rights
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
Relation
ISSN: 19369751;
Format
online
Language
English
Type
Article

Citation

Nagpal, Simran; P, Chaithra K.; S, Sreelekha; P, Vinod T., “Colorimetric Indicator Solution from Sappan Heartwood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Extract for Milk Quality Monitoring,” CHRIST (Deemed To Be University) Institutional Repository, accessed June 18, 2026, https://archives.christuniversity.in/items/show/22005.

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