CalciumCobaltCurcumin Functionalized TiO? Nanoparticles for Enhanced Biological Activities Using a Multivariable Regression Approach
Antimicrobial; Antioxidant; Curcumin; Cytotoxicity; MOLT-4; TiCaCoCur; TiO?
A multifunctional TiO?-based NPs, TiCaCoCur, was synthesized by coating TiO? nanoparticles with calcium, cobalt, and curcumin. XRD confirmed the retention of the anatase phase with crystallite sizes of 35nm for TiO? and 27nm for TiCaCoCur. FTIR verified curcumin incorporation via hydrogen bonding and metal coordination. UVVis spectra showed shifts in absorption peaks, indicating electronic interactions, while PL suggested the presence of surface defect states and improved electronhole separation. SEM and TEM revealed spherical nanoparticles (~ 2526nm) with SAED patterns consistent with XRD. DLS indicated a reduced hydrodynamic size (116 6nm) for TiCaCoCur compared to TiO? (152 8nm), and XPS confirmed the presence of Ti??, Ca?, Co?, and surface-bound curcumin.TiCaCoCur exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and C. albicans, and showed improved DPPH radical scavenging activity, approaching that of Vitamin C. MTT assays on MOLT-4 cells demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity, with an IC?? value of 8.7g/mL for TiCaCoCur. In addition, a simple multivariable regression analysis was carried out to examine the relationship between key physicochemical parameters and biological activity. The results suggest that reduced particle size (DLS), smaller crystallite size (XRD), and changes in optical absorption behavior (UVVis) collectively contribute to the improved biological performance of the modified nanoparticles.Overall, the synergistic combination of TiO?, curcumin, and metal ions yields a NPs with enhanced structural, optical, and biological properties, making it a promising candidate for biomedical applications including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer uses. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2026.
PadmaPriya, G.; Chandna, Manisha; Mubashshir, Muhammad; Garg, Prateek; Chaudhary, Anisha; Thangavelu, Indumathi; Pachiyannan, Prabu; Gafoor, Syed Haroon Abdul
BioNanoScience;Volume;16;Issue;6;Article No.;378;
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-026-02609-2 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105039976483?origin=resultslist
PadmaPriya G., Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Chandna M., Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Punjab, Rajpura, 140417, India; Mubashshir M., Department of Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India; Garg P., Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, 174103, India; Chaudhary A., Quantum University Research Center, Quantum University, Uttarakhand, Roorkee, India; Thangavelu I., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Pachiyannan P., Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia; Gafoor S.H.A., School of Science and Information Technology, Skyline University Nigeria, Kano, Nigeria