ItemArticle

Impact of plastic contaminants on marine ecosystems and advancement in the detection of micro/nano plastics: A review

Title
Impact of plastic contaminants on marine ecosystems and advancement in the detection of micro/nano plastics: A review
Creator
Farale, Harish; Sreevidhya, K.B.; Bathinapatla, Ayyappa; Kanchi, Suvardhan
Description
Micro/nanoplastics pollute all levels of the food web, beginning from aquatic algae, invertebrates, and other fish, through bioaccumulation or even physical and chemical damages augmenting degradation of the marine ecosystem. Besides plastic litter, other toxic chemicals employed in the manufacture of plastics also destroy stable ecosystems. Micro/nanoplastics are toxic to marine organisms through induction of blockage of ingestion, oxidative stress, and reproductive effects. Bivalves such as oysters accumulate microplastics in tissues, which decreases filtration rates. Polystyrene nanoplastics induce endocrine disturbance and neurotoxicity in fish. Seabirds suffer from gut inflammation ("plasticosis"), and zooplankton suffers from decreased feeding rates, which impacts trophic transfer. This review identifies some of the recent developments in electrochemical detection techniques, with a focus on electrochemical sensors and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Electrochemical sensors like CdS/CeO? heterojunction-based sensors have been able to detect 0.38 ng/mL of polystyrene nanoplastics. Biochar-modified electrodes and nanoporous gold sensors have also become more sensitive to trace detection levels (?0.44 nM) for microplastics. SERS-based techniques, for instance, membranes with Ag nanoparticles on anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) and metalphenolic networks with luminescence, have facilitated detection of polystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene nanoplastics in environmental matrices, with detection limits of 0.1 ?g/mL for 500 nm polystyrene and 1 ?g/mL for smaller plastic mimics. Although portable Raman spectrometers are sufficient for larger particulates, they need SERS enhancement for detecting oceanic matrix-bound nanoparticles. This article presents a critical overview of recent progress in the application of electrochemical sensors, Raman spectroscopy, and commercially available hardware to investigate their extended applications. Challenges and future directions for improved real-time monitoring with improved sensitivity and selectivity are also presented along with interference mitigation. 2025 The Author(s)
Source
Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances;Volume;18;Issue;;Article No.;100736;
Date
01-01-2025
Publisher
Elsevier B.V.
Subject
Commercial devices; Electrochemical sensors; Micro/nanoplastics; Nanomaterials; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Coverage
Farale H., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Sreevidhya K.B., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Bathinapatla A., Department of Chemistry and Centre of Excellence- Materials & Sensors, CMR Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560037, India; Kanchi S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
Rights
All Open Access; Gold Open Access
Relation
ISSN: 27724166;
Format
online
Language
English
Type
Article

Citation

Farale, Harish; Sreevidhya, K.B.; Bathinapatla, Ayyappa; Kanchi, Suvardhan, “Impact of plastic contaminants on marine ecosystems and advancement in the detection of micro/nano plastics: A review,” CHRIST (Deemed To Be University) Institutional Repository, accessed June 18, 2026, https://archives.christuniversity.in/items/show/22271.

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