Environmentally conscious synthesis of novel pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines via ternary deep eutectic solvents
subject: Catalytic solvent; Deep eutectic solvents; Four-component reaction; Open-flask; Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine; Sustainable synthesis
description: Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine and its analogues have gained considerable courtesy because of their diverse biological functions and wide-ranging applications, from pharmaceutical agents to essential natural pigments. However, synthesising pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine with multiple reactants is challenging and requires advanced green chemistry solutions. This study investigates the generation of thirteen new pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogues through a single-step, open-flask, multicomponent reaction (MCR) strategy involving aldehydes, phenylhydrazine, ethyl acetoacetate, and barbituric acid via deep eutectic solvents (DES). These DESs serve as environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional solvents. A ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) was evaluated for its catalytic solvent activity among ten different formulations. TDES-7 (5 mL) demonstrated the best performance, achieving 95 % product formation within 30 min at room temperature. Its remarkable catalytic activity and ability to produce high yields across multiple reaction cycles make it a standout choice for this application. The collaboration between MCR and TDES underscores an important blend of two significant green aspects, demonstrating their potential to achieve a green and productive sustainable synthesis method with an noble E-factor of 0.1236. 2024 Elsevier B.V.
creator: Kumar, S.Lokesh; Tabassum, Sumaiya; Govindaraju, Santhosh
source: Journal of Molecular Liquids;Volume;417;Issue;;Article No.;126651;
publisher: Elsevier B.V.
date: 01-01-2025
rights: Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
relation: ISSN: 1677322; CODEN: JMLID
format: online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Kumar S.L., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Tabassum S., Department of Chemistry, Surana College, Bengaluru, 560074, India; Govindaraju S., Department of Sciences and Humanities, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560074, India