Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faculty Publications Article Faculty Publications -Articles Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kruthik, P.S.; Idris, Ruwaidiah; Siddheshwar, P.G. Title A name given to the resource Study of internal heat source generated natural convection with sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal time-periodic vertical oscillations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01-01-2025 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Results in Engineering;Volume;27;Issue;;Article No.;106047; Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106047" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106047</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105010082985?origin=resultslist" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105010082985?origin=resultslist</a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Kruthik P.S., Special Interest Group for Modelling and Data Analytics (SIGMDA), Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, 21030, Malaysia; Idris R., Special Interest Group for Modelling and Data Analytics (SIGMDA), Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, 21030, Malaysia; Siddheshwar P.G., Centre for Mathematical Needs, Department of Mathematics, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India Description An account of the resource This study explores the effect of gravity modulation on natural convection induced by a uniform internal heat source within a fluid-saturated porous medium, a topic of growing relevance in advanced thermal management applications. Four distinct gravity waveforms, square, sinusoidal, triangular, and sawtooth, are examined under three boundary condition combinations: Rigid-Adiabatic-Rigid-Isothermal (RARI), Rigid-Adiabatic-Free-Isothermal (RAFI), and Free-Adiabatic-Free-Isothermal (FAFI). A novel analytical framework is developed by integrating a Maclaurin series expansion with a minimal FourierGalerkin approach to derive a generalized Lorenz model. Linear stability analysis, via a modified Venezian method, to determine the critical internal Rayleigh number and its correction due to modulation. A weakly nonlinear analysis based on the GinzburgLandau equation also provides closed-form expressions for the mean Nusselt number, capturing heat transfer characteristics. The findings demonstrate that square wave modulation most effectively enhances heat transport, followed by sinusoidal, triangular, and sawtooth forms. The influence of key physical parameters reveals that increasing porous parameter (?2) and Brinkman number (?) suppress heat transfer, as do higher Prandtl numbers (Pr) and modulation frequencies (?). FAFI yields the highest heat transfer among the boundary types, while RARI performs the least. The novelty of this work lies in the combined analytical treatment of diverse waveform modulations while considering a uniform internal heat source and boundary condition for natural convection. 2025 The Author(s) Subject The topic of the resource Brinkman-Bard convection; GinzburgLandau equation; Gravity modulation; Heat transport; Maclaurin series solution; Sawtooth; Sinusoidal; Square wave forms; Triangular Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Elsevier B.V. Relation A related resource ISSN: 25901230; Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Article Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource online