ItemArticle

Unlocking efficiency: experimental and theoretical insights into biomass-derived carbon nanofluids with enhanced thermal conductivity

Title
Unlocking efficiency: experimental and theoretical insights into biomass-derived carbon nanofluids with enhanced thermal conductivity
Creator
Bijapur, Kiran; Mandal, Samir; Siddheshwar, P.G.; Bose, Suryasarathi; Hegde, Gurumurthy
Description
The study presents an experimental investigation, supported by theoretical analysis, into the effects of nanoparticle (NPs) concentration, particle size, and shape on the thermal conductivity (TC) of carbon nanosphere (CNS)-based nanofluids (NF). CNS was synthesized from garlic peels (Allium sativum) via pyrolysis at varying temperatures and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and other techniques. The NFs were prepared using a two-step method with different CNS concentrations in propylene glycol (PG) and deionized water (DI)/PG mixtures. Particle size distribution and colloidal stability were evaluated using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential analysis. The TC of the NFs was measured across various temperatures, revealing a significant dependency on both particle size and concentration. All NFs exhibited enhanced thermal conductivity to the base fluid (BF), with increases of 52.60%, 101.28%, 108.51%, 114.60%, and 122.64% at 80 C for CNS synthesized at 500 C (AS500), 600 C (AS600), 700 C (AS700), 800 C (AS800), and 900 C (AS900), respectively. Rheological analysis showed a linear increase in dynamic viscosity (V) with rising CNS concentration within the dilute limits (0.01 to 0.1 wt%) and a strong correlation between particle size and thermal conductivity enhancement. These findings emphasize the critical role of CNS particle size in optimizing thermal performance, with potential applications in heat transfer systems. The study culminates with an exercise aimed towards presenting thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity as surface plots. These plots provide behavioral trends for understanding the dependence of TC and V on nanoparticle size and temperature. 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Source
Nanoscale;Volume;17;Issue;16;pp.10239-10249
Date
01-01-2025
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Coverage
Bijapur K., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Mandal S., Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India; Siddheshwar P.G., Centre for Mathematical Needs, Department of Mathematics, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Bose S., Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India; Hegde G., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India
Rights
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
Relation
ISSN: 20403364;
Format
online
Language
English
Type
Article

Citation

Bijapur, Kiran; Mandal, Samir; Siddheshwar, P.G.; Bose, Suryasarathi; Hegde, Gurumurthy, “Unlocking efficiency: experimental and theoretical insights into biomass-derived carbon nanofluids with enhanced thermal conductivity,” CHRIST (Deemed To Be University) Institutional Repository, accessed June 18, 2026, https://archives.christuniversity.in/items/show/22547.

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