Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faculty Publications Article Faculty Publications -Articles Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource George, Ann Mary; E, Mahesh Title A name given to the resource Assessing the role and effectiveness of NGOs in enhancing elementary education in government primary schools in Karnataka: A SWOT analysis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01-01-2026 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived E-Learning and Digital Media;Volume;23;Issue;2;pp.93-102 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/20427530251348595" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1177/20427530251348595</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105012754089?origin=resultslist" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105012754089?origin=resultslist</a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant George A.M., Department of Economics, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; E M., Department of Economics, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India Description An account of the resource Elementary education in Karnatakas government schools faces several challenges, including inadequate infrastructure and a shortage of human resources. Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have emerged as pivotal players in addressing these gaps. This research paper conducts a comprehensive SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis of NGOs involved in elementary education across Karnataka. Drawing on interviews with 50 NGOs across four revenue districts in Karnataka, the paper explores their internal strengths, challenges, and potential areas for increasing their impact. The findings highlight key strengths of NGOs including their strong relationships with stakeholders as well as their innovative and flexible approaches to implementing educational programs. However, weaknesses include limited funding and organizations heavy reliance on volunteers. Despite these challenges, opportunities exist to run more development programs and leverage technological advancements. At the same time, threats such as frequent changes in laws and regulations, resistance from authorities, and rigid teacher and parent mindsets pose barriers to the effective and efficient running of NGOs educational programs in Karnataka. The Author(s) 2026 Subject The topic of the resource Elementary education; Government schools; Karnataka; NGOs; SWOT Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available SAGE Publications Inc. Relation A related resource ISSN: 17418887; Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Article Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource online