Enterococcus faecalis CGz3 alleviating steatosis via BSH-mediated modulation in HepG2 cell-lines
Bile salt hydrolase (BSH); Cholesterol assimilation; Cytotoxicity; HepG2-cell lines; Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD); qRT-PCR
The study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of bile salt hydrolase (BSH)-producing probiotic Enterococcus faecalis CGz3 in alleviating steatosis in HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells, with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by cholesterol and oleic acid (OA), focusing on its effects on lipid accumulation, metabolic gene expression and, inflammatory pathways. HepG2 cells were treated with cholesterol and OA to induce lipid accumulation, mimicking non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) conditions. Cells were then incubated with E. faecalis CGz3 for 6 hours at 37C and 5% CO2. Lipid levels were quantified using Oil Red O staining and cholesterol uptake assays, while gene expression of lipogenic, inflammatory and metabolic markers was assessed via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Treatment with E. faecalis CGz3 significantly reduced lipid accumulation from 42.961.35 mg/mL in NAFLD-induced cells to 29.731.26 mg/mL. It down regulated lipogenic genes (SREBP-1c, FAS and ACC) and inflammatory markers (TNF-?, IL-6, CRP, TLR4, TLR9, NF-?B, JNK, ERK) while upregulating PPAR? and AMPK, promoting fatty acid oxidation. No significant cytotoxicity was observed at 6 hours, though prolonged exposure (1224 hours) reduced cell viability. This study introduces E. faecalis CGz3, a novel BSH-producing probiotic isolated from chicken gizzard, as a promising candidate for NAFLD intervention. Its selective modulation of lipid metabolism and inflammation via BSH activity offers a new perspective on probiotic-based therapies for NAFLD, warranting further in vivo and clinical exploration. 2025, World Researchers Associations. All rights reserved.
Research Journal of Biotechnology;Volume;20;Issue;12;pp.92-100
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
https://doi.org/10.25303/2012rjbt0920100 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105022016431?origin=resultslist
Koushik K., Applied and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory (AIBL), Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Alok M., Applied and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory (AIBL), Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India