Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Faculty Publications Article Faculty Publications -Articles Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gaur, Parul; Irfan, Mohammad; Ramasamy, R Kanesaraj; Mohammad Mir, Shakeeb; Subramanian, Parameswaran Title A name given to the resource ESG Narrative Quality in Green Bond Disclosures: Implications for Risk Perception, Transparency, and Market Trust Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01-01-2026 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Risks;Volume;14;Issue;1;Article No.;1; Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/risks14010001" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.3390/risks14010001</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105028649225?origin=resultslist" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105028649225?origin=resultslist</a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Gaur P., Department of Management, Rajiv Academic for Technology and Management, Mathura, 281001, India; Irfan M., School of Business and Management, Chandigarh University, Unnao, 209859, India; Ramasamy R.K., Faculty of Computing Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, 63100, Malaysia; Mohammad Mir S., School of Business and Management, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Subramanian P., School of Business and Management, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India Description An account of the resource This research evaluates the extent to which firms green bond disclosures create and convey a meaningful representation of their Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) commitments. Additionally, this research explores how investors distinguish between disclosures that represent genuine commitment to sustainability and those that may be indicative of greenwashing, and how such distinctions impact their assessment of an issuers credibility as well as the issuers performance subsequent to the issuance of a green bond. The methodology employed in this research employs a convergent mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative methods (Natural Language Processing (NLP), financial modeling, etc.) with qualitative methodologies (case studies, interviews). The NLP methodology employed in this research includes sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and ambiguity measurement in order to determine the tone, thematic content, and linguistic clarity of the disclosure texts. Subsequently, the results of the NLP methodologies are correlated with firm level outcomes using cross validated partial least squares regression (PLS-R), event study methodologies, and one way ANOVA to test for temporal and industrial variability. Finally, the results of the computational and financial methodologies are supplemented by qualitative case studies and interviews to provide context for the patterns identified in the computational and financial methodologies. In summary, the results of this research demonstrate that firms that communicate in a clear, balanced, and verifiable manner experience better market reaction and more favorable accounting results subsequent to the issuance of a green bond than do firms whose communications are vague, overly optimistic, or lacking in consistency. Conversely, the findings suggest that investors have become increasingly sensitive to potential greenwashing and therefore are less likely to respond favorably to communications characterized by the aforementioned characteristics. 2025 by the authors. Subject The topic of the resource ESG disclosures; financial performance; green bond; natural language processing (NLP); sustainability communication Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) Relation A related resource ISSN: 22279091; Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Article Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource online