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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Faculty Publications</text>
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    <name>Conference Paper</name>
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              <text>Lobo, Nethan Noel; Rajesh, R.; Radhalakshmi, K.N.</text>
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              <text>Hybrid Model Integrating Firefly Algorithm and Gradient Boosted Trees for Stronger Financial Fraud Detection</text>
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              <text>01-01-2025</text>
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              <text>Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology, ICECA 2025;pp.1964-1971</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECA66444.2025.11383302" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECA66444.2025.11383302&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105034900857?origin=resultslist" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105034900857?origin=resultslist&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Lobo N.N., Christ (Deemed to be University), Department of Statistics and Data Science, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Rajesh R., Christ (Deemed to be University), Department of Statistics and Data Science, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Radhalakshmi K.N., Christ (Deemed to be University), Department of Statistics and Data Science, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India</text>
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              <text>Financial fraud poses a critical threat, with complex attack patterns overwhelming traditional rule-based detection methods. This project proposes a hybrid model integrating the Firefly Algorithm (FA) for hyperparameter optimization with Gradient Boosted Trees (GBTs) to enhance fraud detection. Evaluated on an imbalanced financial dataset, the FA-GBT framework achieved significant performance gains. ROC-AUC increased by 5.08% to 0.9883, demonstrating superior discrimination. Critically, Precision rose by 13.38%, substantially reducing false positives/false alarms and operational costs. The optimization also reduced training time by 64%(from 9.8 seconds to 3.5 seconds). This supports a robust, high-confidence, and efficient strategy for deployment in real-time transaction systems.  2025 IEEE.</text>
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              <text>Class imbalance; F1 score; Financial fraud; Firefly Algorithm; Gradient Boosted Trees; Metaheuristic optimization; Precision; Real-time systems; Recall</text>
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          <name>Publisher</name>
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              <text>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.</text>
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              <text>ISBN: 979-833159929-4;</text>
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              <text>English</text>
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              <text>Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library</text>
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              <text>online</text>
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