Algorithmic Justice: Navigating the Ethical and Legal Landscape of AI-Powered Predictive Policing in Twenty-First Century
Artificial intelligence; Crime control; Predictive policing; Privacy
With the Fourth Industrial Revolution gaining traction, cyber-physical cognitive systems have thrived, fundamentally reshaping the fabric of the society we inhabit. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one such pioneering system, which thrived as a result of the intricate interplay between machine learning algorithms, deep learning (employs neural networks to facilitate automated learning) and vast repositories of structured, semi-structured or unstructured data called big data. AI was further revolutionized by development of techniques such as generative adversarial networks (GANs), transformers and large language models (LLMs) which initiated a new era of predictive analytics. One such prominent deployment of predictive data analytics has been witnessed in the sphere of law enforcement and crime controlling popularly termed as predictive policing (PP). PP is a convulsion of smart society and smart policing that uses data, algorithms and statistical modelling to foster safe, sustainable and better quality of life by optimizing resources and actions of law enforcement agencies (LEAs) to change the landscape of crime management in the society. AI-powered PP is one such breakthrough in advancement of this goal, but there are certain ethical and legal conundrum such as AI ethics, privacy, algorithmic bias and legal uncertainty that are barrier to the adoption of AI for PP. This research paper discusses the ethical and legal quandaries of AI-powered PP with further comparative analysis of key issues in two prominent democraciesUSA and India. Additionally, the paper also puts forth a way forward to achieve sustainable and harmonious use of AI for PP. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.
Ghial, Rita; Pundir, Diksha; Kaur, Rajinder; Bhardwaj, Sonika
Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems;Volume;1409 LNNS;pp.457-468
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-6300-2_31 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105015609404?origin=resultslist
Ghial R., School of Law, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Pundir D., Department of Laws, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Kaur R., University Institute of Legal Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Bhardwaj S., School of Law, Christ University, Bengaluru, India