Biodiversity and Indigenous Medicinal Knowledge of North-East India: Navigating Climate Change Impacts on Medicinal Plants for Conservation and Advancement
Climate change; Indigenous knowledge; Medicinal plants; Sustainability; Traditional medicine
The northeastern region of India holds the sixth position among the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots, covering approximately 8% of the nation's total land area, which amounts to 262, 060 square kilometres. Situated in the eastern Himalayas, any alterations in this biodiversity-rich area can have significant and far-reaching consequences. Indigenous tribes of this region believe in the remarkable healing properties of certain medicinal plants, and within its diverse population of around 225 communities, each tribal and sub -tribal group possesses distinct traditional knowledge. Capturing and harnessing this indigenous wisdom by scientists and researchers could unlock new avenues for progress, particularly within the pharmaceutical sector. Climate change stands as one of the paramount global environmental challenges. Predictions indicate that by the close of the 21st century, the Earth's average temperature might rise by anywhere between 0.3 to 4.8 C, accompanied by a potential sea level increase of 26 to 82 cm. These climate shifts could have adverse effects on the abundance and accessibility of medicinal plants, potentially leading to species extinction. Moreover, the impact of climate change could extend beyond availability to also encompass alterations in the pharmacological properties of various plants, particularly those found in alpine environments. This discussion underscores the importance of existing knowledge, critical analyses, challenges, opportunities, and the immense value of medicinal plants. It emphasizes the intersection of changing climate and the vulnerability of medicinal plant resources, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of these effects in the context of the North Eastern region of India. To address these challenges, there is a pressing need for in-depth research on the geographical distribution of plant communities and strategies to enhance the secondary synthesis of critically endangered medicinal plants under the current climate change scenarios. The Author(s).
Chakma A.; Pappuswamy M.; Chaudhary A.; Meyyazhagan A.; Anand A.V.; Balasubramanian B.
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2374 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85175329607&doi=10.14719%2fpst.2374&partnerID=40&md5=69e1cb142da17f7cb85b60d4480f73c5
Chakma A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Pappuswamy M., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Chaudhary A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Anand A.V., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Republic of Korea, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
Bioengineering of biowaste to recover bioproducts and bioenergy: A circular economy approach towards sustainable zero-waste environment
Biowaste to energy nexus; Development of bioreactors; Microbial fuel cells; Potential microbes
The inevitable need for waste valorisation and management has revolutionized the way in which the waste is visualised as a potential biorefinery for various product development rather than offensive trash. Biowaste has emerged as a potential feedstock to produce several value-added products. Bioenergy generation is one of the potential applications originating from the valorisation of biowaste. Bioenergy production requires analysis and optimization of various parameters such as biowaste composition and conversion potential to develop innovative and sustainable technologies for most effective utilization of biowaste with enhanced bioenergy production. In this context, feedstocks, such as food, agriculture, beverage, and municipal solid waste act as promising resources to produce renewable energy. Similarly, the concept of microbial fuel cells employing biowaste has clearly gained research focus in the past few decades. Despite of these potential benefits, the area of bioenergy generation still is in infancy and requires more interdisciplinary research to be sustainable alternatives. This review is aimed at analysing the bioconversion potential of biowaste to renewable energy. The possibility of valorising underutilized biowaste substrates is elaborately presented. In addition, the application and efficiency of microbial fuel cells in utilizing biowaste are described in detail taking into consideration of its great scope. Furthermore, the review addresses the significance bioreactor development for energy production along with major challenges and future prospects in bioenergy production. Based on this review it can be concluded that bioenergy production utilizing biowaste can clearly open new avenues in the field of waste valorisation and energy research. Systematic and strategic developments considering the techno economic feasibilities of this excellent energy generation process will make them a true sustainable alternative for conventional energy sources. 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Kumar V.; Vangnai A.S.; Sharma N.; Kaur K.; Chakraborty P.; Umesh M.; Singhal B.; Utreja D.; Carrasco E.U.; Andler R.; Awasthi M.K.; Taherzadeh M.J.
ISSN: 456535; PubMed ID: 36731660; CODEN: CMSHA
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138005 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85147552859&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemosphere.2023.138005&partnerID=40&md5=3e573ff0ea55b0c74a4cbc701d33b178
Kumar V., Ecotoxicity and Bioconversion Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India; Vangnai A.S., Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Sharma N., Metagenomics and Bioprocess Design Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Kaur K., Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, Ludhiana, 141004, India; Chakraborty P., School of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Jain (Deemed to Be) University, Bangalore-66, Whitefield, India; Umesh M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Singhal B., School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, U.P, Greater Noida, India; Utreja D., Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, Ludhiana, 141004, India; Carrasco E.U., Departamento de Ingenier Quica, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 4811230, Chile; Andler R., Escuela de Ingenier en Biotecnolog, Centro de Biotecnolog de Los Recursos Naturales (Cenbio), Universidad Catica Del Maule, Chile; Awasthi M.K., College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Taherzadeh M.J., Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Bor, Bor, 501 90, Sweden
Biofabricated textiles The future of sustainable fashion
Gurusamy, M.; Seranmadevi, R.; Harshitha, M.; Ghosh, Komal Bisht Sayantani; Kumar, Spoorthi S.
Asian Textile Journal;Volume;34;Issue;11;pp.50-52
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105024900232?origin=resultslist
Gurusamy M., Adarsh Institute of Management and Information Technology, Bengaluru, India; Seranmadevi R., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Harshitha M., Adarsh Institute of Management and Information Technology, Bengaluru, India; Ghosh K.B.S., Adarsh Institute of Management and Information Technology, Bengaluru, India; Kumar S.S., Adarsh Institute of Management and Information Technology, Bengaluru, India
Biofortification and Sustainable Intensification of Soil: Perspectives on Rice Cultivation in India
Agronomic practices; Biofortification; Climate-smart agriculture; Malnutrition; Oryza sativa
Biofortified crops have inherently been known to acquire climate-smart traits and stress resilience. Climate-smart agriculture integrates climate change into the planning and implementation of sustainable agricultural strategies. Biofortification is a climate-smart concept that enhances crop nutrient quality and quantity through conventional breeding, agronomic practices, or genetic engineering. It will enrich food availability, stability, accessibility, and utilization and positively impact the health, livelihood, production, and distribution of food crops. The system of rice (Oryza sativa L.) intensification involves a set of agronomic principles to improve the structure and functioning of the soil system by fortifying it with organic matter and micronutrients. With the exceeding urbanization and population explosion, food security is a primary concern for policymakers all around the globe. Widespread zinc, iodine, iron, and selenium micronutrient malnutrition is a significant cause of numerous health problems in human populations where rice is part of the staple diet. Climate-smart biofortification is a durable and effective option to reach the vast numbers of malnourished populations scattered across the world sustainably. Approaches have been strategized worldwide under rice biofortification research projects for maintaining, increasing, and introducing new micronutrients in rice grain. Biofortification has been safely implemented as an environmentally friendly approach to produce higher yields at low costs without undesirable soil effects. Prospective advancements can be achieved by integrating mineral and organic fertilizers with superior germplasm, promoting improved nutrient uptake and localization in the consumed parts of the crop. 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Rama Krishnan, Rohan; Bhadrapriya, Sivakumar; Nayana, J.; Rao, Nachiketha R.; Nithya, S.; Nagella, Praveen; Al-Khayri, Jameel M.
Food Systems and Biodiversity in the Context of Environmental and Climate Risks: Dynamics and Evolving Solutions;pp.397-436
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-89167-0_15 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105023622722?origin=resultslist
Rama Krishnan R., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Bhadrapriya S., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Nayana J., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Rao N.R., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Nithya S., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Nagella P., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Al-Khayri J.M., Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Biofuel production and characterization from waste chicken skin and pig fat
Biofuel; Chicken skin; Pig fat; Transesterification
The biofuels are the most important alternative energy sources in future to fulfil the energy demands. The team of our students carried out an innovative process to convert waste to value-added products. The students have been visited many meat stalls and gathered the required amount of resources with and without cost. The collected waste chicken skin and pig tallow is heated and extracted fat, which is the primary sources to produce the biofuel. The fat extraction process was carried by shredding down the waste chicken skin and pig tallow. The obtained fat was filtered and heated up to 110C to remove all the impurities, water suspensions, blood cells and pieces of bones. The process called transesterification process was carried out to convert obtained fat into biofuel with methyl alcohol and KOH as a catalyst. Transesterification process carted with fat before acid wash and after acid wash to examine the effect of FFA on biofuel yield. The quantity of biofuel yield has been observed to be 62 to 68% for fat from waste chicken skin and 82 to 83 % for fat from pig tallow. The derived fuel from fat from both resources is combined with conventional diesel fuel to check the different properties on a volume basis varied by 10% up to 40%. The essential properties such as viscosity, density, flashpoint, fire point and calorific values were determined, and results show that the fuel combination CB20 and PB20 meets the all requirements of ASTM standards to fix as an additive fuel to CI engines. The clear biofuel from both the fat expressed higher viscosity, density, flash and fire point with a lesser value of energy density. BEIESP.
Ravikumar R.; Hashmi M.A.; Shankar Ganesh L.; Bikkannavar S.V.; Vivek D.R.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, Vol-8, No. 3, pp. 3598-3608.
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication
https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.C5312.098319 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85073511209&doi=10.35940%2fijrte.C5312.098319&partnerID=40&md5=e2388e0fb3df5fd7fafaa1071bdca681
Ravikumar R., Department of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India; Hashmi M.A., Department of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India; Shankar Ganesh L., Department of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India; Bikkannavar S.V., Department of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India; Vivek D.R., Department of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India
Biofuel production and characterization from waste chicken skin and pig fat /
International Journal of Recent Technology And Engineering, Vol.8, Issue 3, pp.3598-3603, ISSN No: 2277-3878.
Ravikumar R, Mosharib Ahmad Hashmi, Shankar Ganesh L, Sarvesh V Bikkannavar and Vivek D R
The planet's limited natural fossil fuel reserves are anticipated to be very soon owing to massive usage. Biofuels would be a critical alternative source that may reduce global warming and CO2 emissions. The food-versus-fuel dilemma is, however, one of the key drawbacks of first-generation biofuels like corn ethanol, sugarcane ethanol, etc. Cellulose and hemicellulose, the primary constituents of lignocellulosic feedstocks, could be reduced to sugars by either thermochemical/biological processes before being fermented to generate biofuels. However, owing to structural heterogeneity, more complicated operational techniques are required before the production technology can be commercialized, and several challenges must be addressed. This chapter provided an assessment of various feedstocks, availability, various processing techniques, obstacles, and current technical developments in the generation of biofuels from biomass. 2023, IGI Global.
Krishna K.V.; Bhavana S.; Koujalagi K.; Malaviya A.
Biomass and Bioenergy Solutions for Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainability, pp. 75-118.
Krishna K.V., Christ University, India; Bhavana S., Christ University, India; Koujalagi K., Christ University, India; Malaviya A., Christ University, India
Biofunctional NiTiO3D-carvone nanocomposite: Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial, antioxidant, and zebrafish biocompatibility evaluation
Antibacterial activity; Antioxidant assay; Biocompatibility; D-carvone; Nickel titanate; Zebrafish embryo
The growing threat of microbial resistance and oxidative stress-related disorders highly demands the development of multifunctional nanoparticles with enhanced bioactivity and biocompatibility. In response to this demand, D-carvone functionalized nickel titanate (NiTiO?-D-carvone) was synthesized. XRD confirmed the formation of a crystalline rhombohedral NiTiO3 phase, while HRTEM revealed reduced agglomeration and uniform distribution upon D-carvone modification. The average crystallite size of the composite was 27 nm. DLS analysis showed a decreased hydrodynamic diameter (D?? = 112.50 nm) for the functionalized nanocomposite compared to bare NiTiO3 (225.70 nm). XPS spectra confirmed the presence of Ni? and Ti?? oxidation states, along with C=O and CO groups from D-carvone. The NiTiO3D-carvone nanocomposite exhibited a surface area of 2.658 m/g and showed strong UV absorption at 326 nm. PL studies revealed that the nanocomposite exhibited green emission at 524 nm, attributed to oxygen vacancy-related defect states which is favorable for enhanced ROS generation. Antibacterial studies demonstrated enhanced inhibition zones against K. pneumoniae (16 mm), S. dysenteriae (17 mm), Escherichia coli (18 mm) P. aeruginosa (12 mm) and P. vulgaris (17 mm) compared to bare NiTiO?. CFU assays revealed a concentration-dependent reduction in viable colonies, with the highest activity at 10 mg/mL. The antioxidant efficiency reached 61.4 % DPPH inhibition at 20 g/mL, closely comparable to Vitamin C (64.7 %). Zebrafish embryo assays confirmed excellent biocompatibility of the NiTiO?D-carvone system, with normal morphology and survival up to 96 hpf. The experimental results suggest that surface modification with D-carvone significantly enhances the biological activity and safety of NiTiO3 nanoparticles. 2025
Thangavelu, Indumathi; Tadepalli, Srinivas; Kasibatla, Murthy S.
Journal of Molecular Structure;Volume;1354;Issue;;Article No.;144872;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.144872 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105023953169?origin=resultslist
Thangavelu I., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Tadepalli S., Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia; Kasibatla M.S., Department of Chemistry, Applied Science Cluster, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Uttarakhand, Dehradun, 248007, India
Biofunctional TiVO4chitosanL-histidine hybrid nanomaterials for enhanced antimicrobial and anticancer applications
Anticancer activity; Antimicrobial activity; Biocompatibility; Chitosan; L-histidine; TiVO4
The growing pervasiveness of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and the limitations of conventional chemotherapeutics demand the development of multifunctional nanomaterials with enhanced efficacy and biocompatibility. In this study, titanium vanadate (TiVO4) nanoparticles and TiVO4chitosanL-histidine (TiVO4CsLH) HNM's were successfully synthesized via a wet chemical solgel route followed by surface functionalization. Structural analysis confirmed the formation of phase-pure tetragonal TiVO4 with an average crystallite size of ?38 nm, which was significantly reduced to ?24 nm upon CsLH functionalization. UVVisible spectroscopy revealed band gap narrowing from 4.75 eV (TiVO4) to 4.15 eV (TiVO4CsLH), indicating modified electronic structure and improved light absorption. The TiVO4CsLH HNM's exhibited superior broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zones ranging from 18 to 19 mm against Gram positive, Gram negative and fungal strain, outperforming TiVO4. In vitro anticancer evaluation against MCF-7 breast cancer cells demonstrated pronounced concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity, with IC50 values decreasing from 29.8 ?g mL?1 (24 h) to 20.6 ?g mL?1 (72 h), significantly lower than those of TiVO4. Biocompatibility studies using L929 fibroblast cells revealed high cell viability (>82%) even at 60 ?g mL?1, which confirms the selective anticancer activity of TiVO4-Cs-LH HNMs. The enhanced biological performance of the TiVO4CsLH HNM's arose from synergistic effects of reduced crystallite size, improved dispersion, defect-assisted charge separation, and biofunctional surface chemistry, making it a promising candidate for antimicrobial and anticancer applications. 2026 Elsevier B.V.
Bhran, Ahmed A.; Boopathi, Thalakulam Shanmugam; Thangavelu, Indumathi; Ben Hamida, Mohamed Bechir
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology;Volume;121;Issue;;Article No.;108320;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2026.108320 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105035661019?origin=resultslist
Bhran A.A., Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia; Boopathi T.S., Department of Chemistry, Amrita School of Physical Sciences Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, 641112, India, Functional Materials Laboratory, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, 641112, India; Thangavelu I., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Ben Hamida M.B., Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Biogenesis and Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles and Their Pharmacological Applications
Biotechnology; Green synthesis; Nanoparticles; Pharmacological; Phytochemicals
Nanomaterial innovation is the primary catalyst of advancement in nanotechnology. Although there are many known chemical processes for creating nanoparticles that use harmful substances, it is now more important than ever to use processes that are safer, greener, and more environmentally friendly. The goal of research in this field is to use diverse life forms as "nanoparticle factories." Phytochemicals can convert salt into the appropriate nanoparticles thanks to their regular biosynthetic routes. In recent years, green chemistry methods for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles have emerged as a fresh and exciting area of study. Metal nanoparticles, including gold (Au), silver (Ag), iron (Fe), and cadmium (Cd) along with certain oxides, can be synthesized using a variety of chemical and physical techniques as well as biological techniques carried out using plants. It has been discovered that methods involving plant-mediated synthesis are a more efficient and cost-effective way to create these metal nanoparticles. The plant-mediated nanoparticles are used as potential pharmaceutical agents for many diseases, including hepatitis, cancer, malaria, and HIV. Due to the higher efficacy and fewer side effects of nanodrugs compared to other commercial cancer drugs, the synthesis of nanoparticles targeting biological pathways has gained tremendous popularity. This review paper aims to cover the different green methods for the biogenesis of these nanoparticles, the different compounds and salts used, and the metals obtained. Ultimately, the significance and prospects of these metal nanoparticles especially in the fields of medicine, pharmacology, drug designing, and drug delivery engineering will also be commented on. The Author(s).
Ghosh A.; Pappuswamy M.; Chaudhary A.; Meyyazhagan A.; Arumugam V.A.; Balasubramanian B.; Meganathan G.
Plant Science Today, Vol-10, pp. 260-268.
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2417 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85182016574&doi=10.14719%2fpst.2417&partnerID=40&md5=4a5428e683efee089d2320c86f374e7c
Ghosh A., Life Science Department, Christ (deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Pappuswamy M., Life Science Department, Christ (deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Chaudhary A., Life Science Department, Christ (deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Meyyazhagan A., Life Science Department, Christ (deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Arumugam V.A., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Sciences, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641046, India; Balasubramanian B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; Meganathan G., Life Science Department, Christ (deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India
Biogenic Carboxymethyl Cellulose and L-Histidine Coated Barium Peroxide Nanocomposite: A Tri-Functional Platform Targeting Antimicrobial Resistance, Cancer, and Oxidative Stress
barium peroxide; Candida albicans; carboxymethyl cellulose; DPPH free radical scavenging assay; L-histidine; MRSA; osteosarcoma MG-63
The study addresses the urgent need for novel therapeutic agents in combating multidrug-resistant pathogens, cancer, and oxidative stress-related diseases. Barium peroxide (BaO2) nanoparticles and its novel nanocomposite, carboxymethyl cellulose and L-histidine coated BaO2 (BaO2-CMC-LH) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their antibacterial, anticancer, and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Structural and functional characterizations were carried out using various analytical techniques. Biological evaluations demonstrated enhanced antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Candida albicans (C. albicans), with BaO2-CMC-LH exhibiting superior inhibition zones compared to BaO2. For MRSA, the zone of inhibition (ZOI) for BaO2 is about 9 mm, whereas the BaO2-CMC-LH nanocomposite exhibits a substantially larger ZOI of 21 mm. Likewise, for C. albicans, BaO2 presents a ZOI of 12 mm, and BaO2-CMC-LH exhibits a greater inhibition zone of 18 mm. Cytotoxicity analysis against osteosarcoma MG-63 cells revealed significantly improved anticancer activity, with BaO2-CMC-LH achieving an IC?? value of 28.6 ?g/mL compared to 53.3 ?g/mL for BaO2. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay showed that the BaO2-CMC-LH nanocomposite (78.45%) had activity compared to BaO2 alone (64.43%). These findings underscore the synergistic effects of the CMC-LH matrix in enhancing BaO2's biological activities, positioning BaO2-CMC-LH as a promising multifunctional therapeutic agent for addressing global health challenges. 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Tadepalli, Srinivas; Rathore, Mahendra Singh; Ballal, Suhas; Thangavelu, Indumathi; Gadallah, Abdelrahman G.
Polymers for Advanced Technologies;Volume;37;Issue;1;Article No.;e70508;
https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.70508 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105028264937?origin=resultslist
Tadepalli S., Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Rathore M.S., Department of Applied Science, PIT, Parul University, Gujarat, Vadodara, India; Ballal S., Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Karnataka, India; Thangavelu I., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Gadallah A.G., Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Biogenic Copper Oxide@rGO Nanocomposite for Decontamination of a Food Threat B. Cereus in a Rice Model
Antimicrobial; Bacillus cereus; Biofilm inhibition; Copper oxide, nanocomposite; Food test model
Pathogenic microorganisms have become a serious threat to human beings all over the world as they cause severe disease illnesses. This study used supercritical carbon dioxide as a green solvent to prepare a nanocomposite composed of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles dispersed on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The resulting nanocomposite was examined using a various of alanytical techniques. The developed CuO/rGO nanocomposite exhibited potenail antimicrobial ability against a food pathogenic bacterium, Bacillus cereus. Additionality, it showed high toxicity towards B. cereus, confirmed by the means of fluorescent live-dead counting of cells. Its mechanistic role against a food meneac was confirmed by the means of time-kill ability (complete inhibition at 200min), cell membrane integrity (OD of control: 1.62; CuO/rGO: 3.78 at 60min), membrane uptake (Control: 27.21%; Cuo/rGO: 64.33%), and membrane potential ability (Control: 58.33; CuO/rGO: 24.12) towards B. cereus. Study of scanning electron microscopy analyse resulted in the membrane disruption of B. cereus by the nanocomposite. Moreover, the CuO/rGO nanocomposite inhibited in vitro biofilm formation ability (Crystal violet uptake - Control: 31.33%; CuO/rGO: 59.11%) of B. cereus. Furthermore, the nanocomposite coating was used as a rinse solution for rice bowl packages. Interestingly, a rinsing solution (20% and 4060min) significantly inhibited the CFU count of B. cereus in rice by 2.1 log cfu/g as compaered to control 6.2 log cfu/g. The outcomes highlight the effectiveness of nanocomposite coating against food menace B. cereus, suggesting that the developed nanocomposite could be applied as an effective antimicrobial marinade and/or a rinse for raw rice preservation aginst hazardous foodborne pathogens. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2026.
Pamshong, Mercyland; Kharthangmaw, Ibansaralang; Saji, Janita; Dubey, Vikas; Alanazi, Amer M.; Ali Khan, Azmat; Haldorai, Yuvaraj; Shukla, Shruti
BioNanoScience;Volume;16;Issue;5;Article No.;318;
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-026-02561-1 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105037434640?origin=resultslist
Pamshong M., Department of Nanotechnology, North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, Shillong, 793022, India; Kharthangmaw I., Department of Nanotechnology, North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, Shillong, 793022, India; Saji J., Department of Sciences and Humanities, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560074, India; Dubey V., Department of Physics, North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, Shillong, 793022, India; Alanazi A.M., Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Ali Khan A., Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Haldorai Y., Department of Chemistry (SF), PSG College of Arts and Science, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641014, India; Shukla S., Department of Nanotechnology, North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, Shillong, 793022, India
Biogenic synthesis of dopamine/carboxymethyl cellulose/TiO2 nanoparticles using Psidium guajavaleaf extract with enhanced antimicrobial and anticancer activities
Anti- fungal activity; Anti-bacterial activity; Anti-cancer; CMC; Dopamine; Psidium guajava; TiO2
The green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) has garnered considerable attention from researchers due to its utilization of eco-friendly solvents during synthesis and cost-effective approaches. This study focuses on the synthesis of titanium oxide (TiO2) and dopamine (DA) carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-doped TiO2 (DA/CMC/TiO2) NP using Psidium guajava leaf extract, while also investigating the structural, optical, and morphological and biocidal potential of the prepared NPs. Significantly larger zones of inhibition were observed for DA/CMC/TiO2 NPs compared to TiO2 against various pathogens. Moreover, the MTT assay was carried out to evaluate the anticancer activity of the prepared samples against MG-63 cells, and the results revealed that DA/CMC/TiO2 NPs exhibited significantly higher level of anticancer activity compared to TiO2. The experimental results demonstrated that DA/CMC/TiO2 NPs exhibited enhanced anticancer activity in a dose-dependent manner when compared to TiO2 NPs. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Ganapathy K.; Rastogi V.; Lora C.P.; Suriyaprakash J.; Alarfaj A.A.; Hirad A.H.; Indumathi T.
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Vol-47, No. 1, pp. 131-143.
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
ISSN: 16157591; PubMed ID: 38103080; CODEN: BBEIB
Ganapathy K., Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore, 560027, India; Rastogi V., College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Uttar Pradesh, Moradabad, 244001, India; Lora C.P., Department of Chemistry, Vivekananda Global University, Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303012, India; Suriyaprakash J., Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Alarfaj A.A., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box.2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Hirad A.H., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box.2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Indumathi T., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India
Biogenic synthesis of g-C3N4/Bi2O3 heterojunction with enhanced photocatalytic activity and statistical optimization of reaction parameters
Bismuth oxide; Box-Behnken design; Eichhornia crassipes; g-C3N4 ; Malachite green; Photocatalyst
A facile and efficient biogenic method was adopted to synthesize Bi2O3 and g-C3N4/Bi2O3 nanocomposites using Eichhornia crassipes plant extract. These composites were characterized by various analytical tools such as XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and UV-DRS. Bismuth oxide and g-C3N4/Bi2O3 show varied optical and photocatalytic properties due to the differences in their band gap. Here, Box-Behnken design (BBD) combined with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) has been used to optimize the coupled effect of independent parameters for the dye degradation. The synthesized g-C3N4/Bi2O3 nanocomposite exhibit excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of malachite green (MG) dye. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis unveiled 78% photomineralization of MG over g-C3N4/Bi2O3 in 5 h. The p-n junction of g-C3N4/Bi2O3 with better oxidative ability and effective charge separation is the primary reason for its improved photocatalytic activity. The modified photocatalyst shows satisfactory catalytic activity and reusability towards photodegradation of common water pollutant MG up to 4 cycles. They offer great potential in the field of photocatalysis due to their superior efficiency and applications in environmental remediation. 2019 Elsevier B.V.
Sunaja Devi K.R.; Mathew S.; Rajan R.; Georgekutty J.; Kasinathan K.; Pinheiro D.; Sugunan S.
Applied Surface Science, Vol-494, pp. 465-476.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.07.125 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85069721474&doi=10.1016%2fj.apsusc.2019.07.125&partnerID=40&md5=89c73199d3d5ae78f28dc2fee8631122
Sunaja Devi K.R., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India; Mathew S., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India; Rajan R., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India; Georgekutty J., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India; Kasinathan K., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India; Pinheiro D., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India; Sugunan S., Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
Biogenic synthesis of g-C3N4/Bi2O3 heterojunction with enhanced photocatalytic activity and statistical optimization of reaction parameters /
Applied Surface Science, Vol.494, pp.465-476, ISSN No: 0169-4332.
K. R. Sunaja Devi, Sandra Mathew, Revathy Rajan, Josna Georgekutty, Karthik Kasinathan, Dephan Pinheiro and Sankaran Sugunan
Biogenic synthesis of Pd-nanoparticles using Areca Nut Husk Extract: a greener approach to access ?-keto imides and stilbenes
An eco-friendly green method for a one-step synthesis of palladium nanoparticles and their synthetic utility are reported. Phytochemicals like amines, alcohols, and phenols present in the Areca Nut Husk extract facilitate the reduction of Pd(ii) to Pd(0). The phytochemicals serve as stabilising agents and ligands for palladium reduction and the need for an external ligand is avoided. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy of newly synthesized palladium nanoparticles revealed a spherical morphology. The catalytic activity of the nanoparticles was tested for 1,2-difunctionalization of ynamides, Heck coupling, denitrogenative coupling of phenylhydrazine and C-H arylation of indole. Moreover, catalyst recyclability, control experiments, mechanistic elucidation, and gram-scale synthesis are elaborated. The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2021.
Hegde R.V.; Ghosh A.; Jadhav A.H.; Nizam A.; Patil S.A.; Peter F.; Dateer R.B.
New Journal of Chemistry, Vol-45, No. 35, pp. 16213-16222.
https://doi.org/10.1039/d1nj02858h https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85115057694&doi=10.1039%2fd1nj02858h&partnerID=40&md5=fd96960baef404cf1b30c5480003ed5c
Hegde R.V., Dr. R. B. Dateer, Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Group, Centre for Nano and Material Science, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Jain (Deemed-to-be University) Jakkasandra Post, Ramanagara-562112, Kanakapura, Karnataka, India; Ghosh A., Dr. R. B. Dateer, Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Group, Centre for Nano and Material Science, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Jain (Deemed-to-be University) Jakkasandra Post, Ramanagara-562112, Kanakapura, Karnataka, India; Jadhav A.H., Dr. R. B. Dateer, Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Group, Centre for Nano and Material Science, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Jain (Deemed-to-be University) Jakkasandra Post, Ramanagara-562112, Kanakapura, Karnataka, India; Nizam A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore-29, Hosur road, Karnataka, India; Patil S.A., Dr. R. B. Dateer, Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Group, Centre for Nano and Material Science, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Jain (Deemed-to-be University) Jakkasandra Post, Ramanagara-562112, Kanakapura, Karnataka, India; Peter F., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore-29, Hosur road, Karnataka, India; Dateer R.B., Dr. R. B. Dateer, Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Group, Centre for Nano and Material Science, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Jain (Deemed-to-be University) Jakkasandra Post, Ramanagara-562112, Kanakapura, Karnataka, India
Biogenic Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Mediated by the Extract of Terminalia catappa Fruit Pericarp and Its Multifaceted Applications
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were biosynthesized by using the pericarp aqueous extract from Terminalia catappa Linn. These NPs were characterized using various analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and XRD studies of the nanoparticles reported mean size as 12.58 nm nanocrystals with highest purity. Further SEM analysis emphasized the nanoparticles to be spherical in shape. The functional groups responsible for capping and stabilizing the NPs were identified with FTIR studies. DLS studies of the synthesized NPs reported ? potential as ?10.1 mV and exhibited stable colloidal solution. These characterized ZnO-NPs were evaluated for various biological applications such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, genotoxic, biocompatibility, and larvicidal studies. To explore its multidimensional application in the field of medicine. NPs reported a potential antimicrobial activity at a concentration of 200 ?g/mL against bacterial strains in the decreasing order of Streptococcus pyogenes > Streptococcus aureus > Streptococcus typhi > Streptococcus aeruginosa and against the fungi Candida albicans. In vitro studies of RBC hemolysis with varying concentrations of NPs confirm their biocompatibility with IC50 value of 211.4 ?g/mL. The synthesized NPs DPPH free radical scavenging activity was examined to extend their antioxidant applications. The antiproliferation and genetic toxicity were studied with meristematic cells of Allium cepa reported with mitotic index (MI index) of 1.2% at the concentration of 1000 ?g/mL. NPs exhibited excellent Larvicidal activity against Culex quinquefasciatus larvae with the highest mortality rate as 98% at 4 mg/L. Our findings elicit the therapeutic potentials of the synthesized zinc oxide NPs. 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society
Fernandes C.A.; Jesudoss M N.; Nizam A.; Krishna S.B.N.; Lakshmaiah V.V.
All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c04857 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85176150078&doi=10.1021%2facsomega.3c04857&partnerID=40&md5=a4168cdd193f75c125d594d8b1291b12
Fernandes C.A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Jesudoss M N., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Nizam A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Krishna S.B.N., Department of Biomedical and Clinical Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Lakshmaiah V.V., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India
Biogenic Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Coffea arabica Fruit Peel Extract for Electrochemical Detection and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene blue Dye
Coffea arabica; Green Synthesis; Methylene blue dye; Photocatalytic degradation; ZnO nanoparticles
Methylene blue is an ecologically toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic dye. Due to extensive industrial use, a significant quantity of effluent containing methylene blue dye is released into a water source. It may cause toxicity to humans and aquatic fauna. Therefore, detecting and removing MB dye from the effluent is essential. For this goal, we synthesized dual application zinc oxide nanoparticles using coffee fruit (Coffea arabica) peel biomass as a reducing agent. SEM scans revealed spherical nanoparticles. The EDX spectral data indicated the existence of zinc and oxygen elements. The X-ray diffraction pattern exhibited crystallinity of ZnO. Under optimized conditions, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry, and Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) study was studied for the detection of MB, an impressively low detection limit (LOD) of 0.01771 ?M was recorded, The photocatalytic efficacy of ZnO nanoparticles demonstrated a significant 92.43% degradation of methylene blue under UV light. So, Coffea arabica biomass may play a vital role in synthesizing eco-friendly ZnO nanomaterials for environmental remediation applications. 2026 Elsevier B.V.
Manjunath, Kumbar Mudakappa; Yemmi, Rajeshwari; Deshadri, K.M.; Manjesh, M.
Microchemical Journal;Volume;224;Issue;;Article No.;117817;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2026.117817 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105034325549?origin=resultslist
Manjunath K.M., Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Central Coffee Research Institute, Karnataka, Chikkamagaluru, 577117, India, Department of Applied Botany, Kuvempu University, Karnataka, Shivamogga, India; Yemmi R., Department of Industrial Chemistry, Kuvempu University, Karnataka, Shivamogga, India; Deshadri K.M., Department of Applied Botany, Kuvempu University, Karnataka, Shivamogga, India; Manjesh M., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India
Biogenic ZnO Nanoparticles Derived from Garcinia gummi-gutta Leaves: Synthesis, Characterization and its Multifaceted Applications
Antimicrobial activity; Cytotoxic activity; Green synthesis; Photocatalytic activity; ZnO nanoparticles
The current study focused on the bioreduction synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Garcinia gummi-gutta leaf extracts. The UV-vis analysis of the nanoparticles has reported the formation of an SPR peak at 379 nm. The functional groups taking part in the reduction reaction were analyzed using the FTIR technique and the average crystalline size of ZnO nanoparticles were found to be 22.27 nm from XRD measurements. The SEM and TEM images revealed the hexagonal shape of the nanoparticles with an average size 72.78 nm and 71.91 nm, respectively. Further, the synthesized nanoparticles were reported to be efficient degradation reactive textile dyes. The photodegradation results reported 92-100% degradation of the reactive dyes within 80-320 min. The antibacterial efficacy of the nanoparticles was investigated and the MIC of the nanoparticles was found to be 100 g/mL. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles have exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on the MCF and HEP-G2 cell lines. 2024 Asian Publication Corporation. All rights reserved.
Asian Journal of Chemistry, Vol-36, No. 3, pp. 603-612.
https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2024.31059 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85186673116&doi=10.14233%2fajchem.2024.31059&partnerID=40&md5=36d1dca9d6e8c826927f1b3d78ba85fb
Kurian J.T., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bangalore, 560029, India
Biogenically forged ZnO nanoparticles using Salvia hispanica L. microgreens for their potential antimicrobial activity towards food-borne pathogens
Microgreens have been extensively researched because of their dense nutritional content and high concentration of health-promoting and therapeutic bioactive compounds. Simultaneously, green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a biogenic and sustainable approach for nanomaterial preparation using plant extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents. In the current study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using phytochemically enriched extracts of chia (Salvia hispanica) microgreens. The synthesis of ZnO NPs was systematically optimized, and the resulting nanomaterials were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM, DLS, and TEM to confirm their structural, morphological, and physicochemical properties. The characterization results confirmed the successful formation of ZnO NPs with a crystalline size of 79.4 nm and a zeta potential of ?42.2 0.29 mV, indicating good stability and uniformity. To further explore the bioactivity, in silico molecular docking was performed to investigate the interactions between chia-derived phytochemicals and key receptors of food-borne pathogens Aeromonas caviae and Staphylococcus pasteuri isolated from chicken meat. Based on these insights, the antimicrobial activity of MG-ZnO NPs (Microgreen-derived zinc oxide nanoparticles) was evaluated. The nanoparticles exhibited notable antibacterial activity, with greater effectiveness against S. pasteuri. MIC values for S. pasteuri and A. caviae were found to be 62.5 ?g mL?1 and 250 ?g mL?1, respectively, while the corresponding MBC values were 125 ?g mL?1 and 500 ?g mL?1. The MBC/MIC ratios confirmed the bactericidal nature of MG-ZnO NPs against both strains. These findings highlight the potential of chia microgreen-derived ZnO nanoparticles as promising antimicrobial agents for combating foodborne pathogens. 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Naga Sahithi, Baru Venkata; Lakshmaiah, Vasantha Veerappa
RSC Advances;Volume;15;Issue;35;pp.28721-28729
https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra04728e https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105012990650?origin=resultslist
Naga Sahithi B.V., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Lakshmaiah V.V., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India