Bioinformatics applications for evaluating health and pharmacological properties of tea: Use of computer-assisted drug discovery tools
subject: CADD; Drug discovery; Phytochemicals; Therapeutics
description: Bioinformatics has emerged as a crucial tool in tea research, enabling the exploration of the genetic and molecular intricacies underlying tea cultivation, quality, and health benefits. By leveraging bioinformatics, researchers have extensively explored, inferred, and evaluated the pharmacological properties of tea. This groundbreaking approach has unveiled a myriad of possibilities for utilizing the bioactive compounds present in tea. Metabolomics studies have unraveled the intricate metabolic pathways within tea plants, providing insights into the synthesis and accumulation of bioactive compounds. Bioinformatics in tea research opens new avenues for the tea industry, benefiting both producers and consumers worldwide. These advancements not only deepen our understanding of tea biology but also hold immense potential for sustainable tea production, the discovery of novel bioactive compounds, and the optimization of tea flavors and health benefits. This chapter explains the bioinformatic tools used to identify various therapeutic properties of tea biocompounds. 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved including those for text and data mining AI training and similar technologies.
creator: Chacko A.M.; Bylappa Y.; Nag A.
source: Tea in Health and Disease Prevention, pp. 379-390.
publisher: Elsevier
date: 2024-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISBN: 978-044314158-4; 978-044314159-1
format: Online
language: English
type: Book chapter
coverage: Chacko A.M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Bylappa Y., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Nag A., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India

Bioinformatics Research Challenges and Opportunities in Machine Learning
subject: Artificial Intelligence; Bioinformatics; Clustering; Machine Learning; Reinforcement; Supervised Classification
description: This research work has studied about the utilization of machine learning algorithms in bioinformatics. The primary purpose of studying this is to understand bioinformatics and different machine algorithms which are used to analyze the biological data present with us. This research study discusses about different machine learning approaches like supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement which play an essential role in understanding and analyzing biological data. Machine learning is helping us to solve a wide range of bioinformatics problems by describing a wide range of genomics sequences and analyzing vast amounts of genomic data. One of the biggest real-world problems is that machine learning is helping us to identify cancer with a given gene expression, which is done using a support vector machine. In addition, this study discusses about the classification of molecular data, which will help find out minor diseases. With the advancement of machine learning in healthcare and other related applications, data collection becomes a tedious process. This article also focuses on some of the research problems in machine learning domain. The uses of machine learning algorithms in bioinformatics have been extensively studied. These objectives will help to understand bioinformatics and different machine algorithms that are used to analyze the biological data. This research study presents different machine learning approaches like supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement, which play an important role in understanding and analyzing biological data. Machine learning helps to solve a wide range of bioinformatics related challenges by describing a wide range of genomics sequences and analyzing huge amounts of genomic data. One of the biggest real-time challenges is that the machine learning is helping to identify cancer with a given gene expression, and this is done by using a support vector machine. Finally, this research study has discussed about the classification of molec…
creator: Keshwani H.; Alisha; Jayapandian N.
source: Proceedings - International Conference on Augmented Intelligence and Sustainable Systems, ICAISS 2022, pp. 290-295.
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
date: 2022-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISBN: 978-166548962-1
format: Online
language: English
type: Conference paper
coverage: Keshwani H., CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Department of CSE, India; Alisha, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Department of CSE, India; Jayapandian N., CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Department of CSE, India

Bioinformatics Tools and Deep Learning for Plant High-Throughput Phenotyping and Phenomics
description: High-throughput phenotyping and phenomics are essential for advancing plant research and improving crop performance. The integration of bioinformatics tools and deep learning methodologies has transformed the way data is processed and analyzed in these fields. Bioinformatics tools facilitate the management and interpretation of large-scale genomic and phenotypic data, enabling researchers to extract valuable insights. Deep learning algorithms, particularly convolutional neural networks, have shown significant promise in automating the analysis of complex plant images and enhancing trait identification and prediction. This synergy between bioinformatics and deep learning accelerates the identification of key traits, improves the precision of phenotypic assessments, and supports the development of more resilient and productive crops. This chapter highlights how these advanced technologies contribute to more effective and scalable plant phenotyping and phenomics efforts. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Jen-Tsung Chen; individual chapters, the contributors.
creator: Arthi, Gunasekaran; Loganathan, Murugesan; Abidharini, Jothi Dheivasikamani; Balamuralikrishnan, Balasubramanian; Arun, Meyyazhagan; Manikantan, Pappuswamy; Prabhu, Jeyabal Philomenathan Antony; Anand, Arumugam Vijaya
source: Plant High-Throughput Phenotyping and Functional Phenomics;pp.1-18
publisher: CRC Press
date: 01-01-2025
rights: Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
relation: ISBN: 978-104036036-1; 978-103282181-8;
language: English
type: Book chapter
coverage: Arthi G., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Genetics, Bharathiar University Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Loganathan M., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Genetics, Bharathiar University Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Abidharini J.D., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Genetics, Bharathiar University Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Balamuralikrishnan B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea; Arun M., Department of Life Science, CHRIST University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Manikantan P., Department of Life Science, CHRIST University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Prabhu J.P.A., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Genetics, Bharathiar University Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Anand A.V., Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Genetics, Bharathiar University Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Biological and Environmental Applications of Myco-synthesized Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
subject: Anti-diabetic; Anti-inflammatory; Antibacterial; Antioxidant; Endophytic fungi; Photocatalytic degradation; Remediation; Titanium dioxide nanoparticles
description: In the present investigation, TiO2NPs were myco-synthesized through the extracellular enzymes of endophytic fungi, Aspergillus versicolor FCPRS11 isolated from stem of Azadirachta indica. The synthesized TiO2NPs was characterized using UV- Vis, FT-IR, SEM, XRD, EDX, DLS and Zeta Potential. The synthesized TiO2NPs were analyzed for their antimicrobicidal properties against five clinical pathogens with two fungal pathogens and were exhibiting significant inhibition towards the bacteria at minimum concentration of 50g/ml of TiO2NPs. The free radical scavenging mechanism of the synthesized TiO2NPs was monitored through various assessment to understand about NPs antioxidant properties and the IC50 values were compared with the IC50 value of standard ascorbic acid (91g/ml). Further the NPs were analyzed for in vitro anti- inflammatory property exhibiting 73.87% inhibition and anti- diabetic properties (62.18% inhibition) proving that TiO2NPs evinced a promising biomedical activity. The larger surface area of the synthesized TiO2NPs as per the SEM analysis, allowed evaluation of their adsorption capacity on soil collected from metallurgical site containing combination of heavy metals and contaminants. The results of adsorption studies demonstrated that the adsorption increases with increase in time of exposure of TiO2NPs and adsorption capacity was determined by employing Langmuir model. The % dye degradation was evaluated by photocatalytic dye degradation studies where at 100mg/L of TiO2NPs, over 91% dye was found to be degraded within 240mins.These findings highlight the potential of myco-synthesized TiO?NPs as effective agents for biomedical applications and environmental nanoremediation. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.
creator: Radhakrishnan, Sruthi; Ganesan, Vijiyakumar; Paramasivam, Deepak; Umesh, Mridul; Mani, Vellingiri Manon
source: BioNanoScience;Volume;16;Issue;1;Article No.;31;
publisher: Springer
date: 01-01-2026
rights: Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
relation: ISSN: 21911630;
format: online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Radhakrishnan S., Department of Biotechnology, RVS College of Arts and Science, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641402, India; Ganesan V., Department of Biotechnology, RVS College of Arts and Science, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641402, India; Paramasivam D., Department of Life Sciences, School of Biological & Forensic Sciences, Kristu Jayanti (Deemed-to-be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560077, India; Umesh M., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Mani V.M., Department of Life Sciences, School of Biological & Forensic Sciences, Kristu Jayanti (Deemed-to-be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560077, India

Biological elimination of minerals from high ash coal by Aspergillus-like fungi
subject: Aspergillus niger; Biodegradation; CHNS & proximate analysis; Coal characterization; FTIR; SEM
description: Efficiency of filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus niger on the bio-liquefaction of low rank Indian coals, its chemical composition, surface characteristics of the products and the microbial mechanisms of coal conversion were studied. Virgin and bio-liquefied/solubilized coal samples were characterized using FT-IR, Scanning electron microscopy and CHNS and proximate analysis. The micrographs were bright field and reveal several features correspond to the mineral grains comprising of aluminium, silicates and calcites. The absence of some morphological features corresponds to inorganic elements in residual samples which confirm demineralisation with the possible formation of respective Aluminum and Silicate complexes. The change in absorption of mineral matter functional group of these coal samples were studied using Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FT-IR). From the proximate analysis it was found that the ash content decreased by 76% when treated with fungal culture. Global Science Publications.
creator: Manoj B.; Elcey C.D.; Binu K.S.
source: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, Vol-13, No. 3, pp. 453-457.
date: 2011-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 9723005; CODEN: AJMBA
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Manoj B., Department of Physics, Christ University, Bangalore 29 Karnataka, Hosur Road, India; Elcey C.D., Department of Life Sciences, Kristu Jayanti College, Bangalore - 77, India; Binu K.S., Department of Life Sciences, Kristu Jayanti College, Bangalore - 77, India

Biological extraction of chitin from fish scale waste using proteolytic bacteria Stenotrophomonas koreensis and its possible application as an active packaging material
subject: Antioxidant activity; Biodegradation; Chitin; Chitosan; Stenotrophomonas koreensis
description: Chitin being the second most abundant polymer found in nature has extensive application and versatile material properties including biocompatibility. Extraction of chitin from diverse sources are majorly done using chemical extraction methods using high concentration of alkali that makes the method non eco-friendly and economically non-viable. This calls for eco-friendly methods of chitin extraction from cost-effective substrates through green methods. This research work presents a simplified one-step biological extraction of chitin from fish scales by successive fermentation using Stenotrophomonas koreensis isolated from soil. The fermentative approach for chitin extraction from fish scales using S. koreensis enzyme activity is not reported elsewhere in the available literature to the best of our knowledge. Chitin yield of 28% (w/w) was obtained after the successive fermentation. The extracted polymer was characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). Furthermore, the possibility of converting extracted chitin into an active packaging material was explored by chemically, converting it to chitosan followed by analysis of its DPPH scavenging activity. The DPPH radical scavenging activity varied from 67.025 to 80.2%, which corresponds to 0.25 to 2mg/mL of chitosan. The chitosan films fabricated were subjected to biodegradation studies using soil burial method. Biodegradation rate of chitosan films was observed to be 21.49 0.62% (w/w) after 50days of incubation. Thus, the present research work highlights an integrated waste valorization strategy through microbial fermentation for commercially important biopolymer production. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023.
creator: Suresh S.; Umesh M.; Santosh A.S.
source: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, Vol-14, No. 22, pp. 29023-29033.
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
date: 2024-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 21906815
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Suresh S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Umesh M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Santosh A.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India

Biological Feature Selection and Classification Techniques for Intrusion Detection on BAT
subject: Bat algorithm; Dataset; Intrusion detection system; Optimal features; SVM
description: Privacy is a significant problem in communications networks. As a factor, trustworthy knowledge sharing in computer networks is essential. Intrusion Detection Systems consist of security tools frequently used in communication networks to monitor, detect, and effectively respond to abnormal network activity. We integrate current technologies in this paper to develop an anomaly-based Intrusion Detection System. Machine Learning methods have progressively featured to enhance intelligent Anomaly Detection Systems capable of identifying new attacks. Thus, this evidence demonstrates a novel approach for intrusion detection introduced by training an artificial neural network with an optimized Bat algorithm. An essential task of an Intrusion Detection System is to maintain the highest quality and eliminate irrelevant characteristics from the attack. The recommended BAT algorithm is used to select the 41 best features to address this problem. Machine Learning based SVM classifier is used for identifying the False Detection Rate. The design is being verified using the KDD99 dataset benchmark. Our solution optimizes the standard SVM classifier. We attain optimal measures for abnormal behavior, including 97.2 %, the attack detection rate is 97.40 %, and a false-positive rate of 0.029 %. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
creator: Narayanasami S.; Sengan S.; Khurram S.; Arslan F.; Murugaiyan S.K.; Rajan R.; Peroumal V.; Dubey A.K.; Srinivasan S.; Sharma D.K.
source: Wireless Personal Communications, Vol-127, No. 2, pp. 1763-1785.
publisher: Springer
date: 2022-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 9296212; CODEN: WPCOF
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Narayanasami S., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, St. Martins Engineering College, Telangana, Hyderabad, 500100, India; Sengan S., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Tirunelveli, 627152, India; Khurram S., Biology Teacher, Teaching Human Social Biology and Applied Sciences, Roots IVY International Schools, Punjab, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Arslan F., University of Engineering and Technology, Punjab, Lahore, 39161, Pakistan; Murugaiyan S.K., Department of Information Technology, Sri Sai Ram Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600044, India; Rajan R., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Adhiyamaan College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, Hosur, 635109, India; Peroumal V., School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600048, India; Dubey A.K., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, ABES Engineering College, Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad, 201009, India; Srinivasan S., Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Christ (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Sharma D.K., Department of Mathematics, Jaypee University of Engineering and Technology, Madhya Pradesh, Guna, 473226, India

Biological treatment solutions using bioreactors for environmental contaminants from industrial waste water
subject: Advanced treatment; Bioreactor; Oxidation process; Pollutants; Wastewater
description: Human needs have led to the development of various products which are produced in the industries. These industries in turn have become a source of various environmental concerns. As industries release regulated and unregulated contaminants into the water bodies, it has become a serious concern for all living organisms. Various emerging contaminates from industries like pesticides, pharmaceuticals drugs like hormones, antibiotics, dyes, etc., along with byproducts and new complexes contaminate the water bodies. Numerous traditional approaches have been utilized for the treatment of these pollutants; however, these technologies are not efficient in most cases as the contaminants are mixed with complex structures or as new substances. Advanced technologies such as bioreactor techniques, advanced oxidation processes, and so on have been used for the treatment of industrial wastewater and have served as an alternative way for wastewater treatment. Overall, biological treatment techniques based on bioreactors provide a long-term and ecologically useful solution to industrial wastewater contamination. They play an important role in saving water resources and encouraging a greener sustainable future for mankind. The current review outlines the industrial effluents that are released into water bodies, contaminating them, as well as the numerous traditional and novel treatment procedures used for industrial wastewater treatment. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] 2023, The Author(s).
creator: Chandran P.; Suresh S.; Balasubramain B.; Gangwar J.; Raj A.S.; Aarathy U.L.; Meyyazhagan A.; Pappuswamy M.; Sebastian J.K.
source: Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Applied Sciences
publisher: Springer
date: 2023-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 16588185; LS; 2023-2024;Vol-1; 0552-0573; LS; 2023-2024; Vol-1; 0943-0965
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Chandran P., School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kalamassery, Kerala, Kochi, 682022, India; Suresh S., School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kalamassery, Kerala, Kochi, 682022, India; Balasubramain B., Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea; Gangwar J., Department of Life Science, School of Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Raj A.S., School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kalamassery, Kerala, Kochi, 682022, India; Aarathy U.L., School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kalamassery, Kerala, Kochi, 682022, India; Meyyazhagan A., Department of Life Science, School of Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Pappuswamy M., Department of Life Science, School of Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Sebastian J.K., Department of Life Science, School of Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India

Biomarker study of the biological parameter and neurotransmitter levels in autistics
subject: Antioxidant proteins; Autism; Biochemical; Neurotransmitters; Oxidative stress
description: Autism is a prevalent developmental disorder that combines repetitive behaviours, social deficits and language abnormalities. The present study aims to assess the autistic subjects using DSM IV-TR criteria followed with the analysis of neurotransmitters, biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and its ions in two groups of autistic subjects (group I < 12years; group II ? 12years). Antioxidants show a variation of 10% increase in controls compared to autistic age < 12years. The concentration of pyruvate kinase and hexokinase is elevated in controls approximately 60% and 45%, respectively, with the significance of 95 and 99%. Autistic subjects showed marked variation in levels of neurotransmitters, oxidative stress and its related ions. Cumulative assessment of parameters related to biochemical markers and neurotransmitters paves the way for autism-based research, although these observations draw interest in an integrated approach for autism. 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
creator: Meyyazhagan A.; Balasubramanian B.; Easwaran M.; Alagamuthu K.K.; Shanmugam S.; Kuchi Bhotla H.; Pappusamy M.; Arumugam V.A.; Thangaraj A.; Kaul T.; Keshavarao S.; Cacabelos R.
source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Vol-474, No. 45689, pp. 277-284.
publisher: Springer
date: 2020-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 3008177; PubMed ID: 32740790; CODEN: MCBIB
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Meyyazhagan A., EuroEspes Biomedical Research Centre, International Center of Neurosciences and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Corunna, 15165, Spain, Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India, Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India; Balasubramanian B., Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea; Easwaran M., Nutritional Improvement of Crops, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India; Alagamuthu K.K., Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India, Jiagsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Shanmugam S., Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India, Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Kuchi Bhotla H., Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India; Pappusamy M., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India; Arumugam V.A., Medical Genetics and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India; Thangaraj A., Nutritional Improvement of Crops, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India; Kaul T., Nutritional Improvement of Crops, International Centre for Genetic Engineering a…

Biomarkers of Autistic Study : Biochemical, Genomics, Epigenetics and Cytogenetic Signatures
subject: Life Sciences
description: Autism is a complex disorder characterized by social issues, impaired communication, newlineand repetitive behavior. The prevalence of autism has increased significantly over the past two decades, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 150 children in 2000. Cytogenetic investigations are essential for confirming clinical diagnoses, as the disorder has high phenotypic variability and genetic heterogeneity. A study aims to confirm behavioral phenotypes of autistic subjects newlinein South India using DSM IV and ATEC open questionnaires. The study found that metabolic factors, including hormones, neurotransmitters, and oxidative ions, play crucial roles in the progression of symptoms. The study also revealed the roles of two major causative genes (NRXN1 and CNTNAP2) in a spectrum of genotypes imparting severity and heterogeneity.
creator: M, Arun
source: Author's Submission
publisher: Christ(Deemed to be University)
date: 2024-01-01
contributor: P, Manikantan
rights: Open Access
relation: 61000368
format: PDF
language: English
type: PhD

Biomass Carbon Dots: Illuminating New Era in Antimicrobial Defense and Cancer Combat
subject: Biomass; Carbon dots; Diagnosis; Pathogenic infections; Therapeutics
description: The twenty-first century has witnessed remarkable advancements across diverse facets of human life, including significant progress in the medical field, economic growth, scientific breakthroughs, and technological advancements. Despite these strides that improved living standards, the persistent threat posed by pathogenic infections caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc., remains a critical concern. The enduring emergence of new variations of these infections continues to impact lives profoundly. Cancer is another looming spectre that continues to challenge human health security. Consequently, extensive research endeavours aim to develop swift, efficient, and innocuous methods for curing and preventing these infections. This paper explores a burgeoning field in physics, focusing on recent advancements in nanomaterials, particularly in developing carbon dots (CDs). Characterized by their size, which is less than 10nm, CDs have proven exceptionally beneficial in diagnosing and treating life-threatening health issues while preserving the viability of healthy cells. Their versatility is evident in various biomedical applications, serving as bioimaging probes, intracellular drug delivery agents, and agents for bactericidal and fungicidal, as well as in cancer treatment and diagnosis. The key attributes contributing to their efficacy include ease of functionalization, biocompatibility, fluorescence, low cytotoxicity, and catalytic properties. As an innovative nanomaterial, CDs showcase tremendous potential in advancing medical diagnostics and therapeutics, offering a glimpse into a future where these tiny entities play a pivotal role in ensuring human well-being. This review focuses on the antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anticancerous activities of the CDs derived from various precursors derived by biomass. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
creator: Jose S.; P A.K.; Mathew A.A.; Varghese M.; Balachandran M.
source: BioNanoScience, Vol-15, No. 1
publisher: Springer
date: 2025-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 21911630
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Jose S., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; P A.K., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Mathew A.A., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Varghese M., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Balachandran M., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India

Biomass derived carbon quantum dots embedded PEDOT/CFP electrode for the electrochemical detection of phloroglucinol
subject: Biomass-derived; Carbon quantum dots; Conducting polymer; Electrochemical sensor; Phloroglucinol; Pollutant
description: Carbon nanocomposites have garnered a lot of attention among various nanomaterials due to their distinct characteristics, such as large surface area, biocompatibility, and concise synthetic routes. They are also a viable contender for electrochemical applications, notably sensing, due to their intriguing electrochemical features, which include large electroactive surface area, outstanding electrical conductivity, electrocatalytic activity, and high porosity and adsorption capability. Herein, an electrochemical sensor for phloroglucinol (PL) was designed using a CFP electrode modified with biomass-derived carbon quantum dots (S-CQD) doped on conducting organic polymer poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) via electrodeposition method. The obtained nanocomposite (S-CQD+PEDOT) on the CFP electrode possesses a high surface area. The higher electrocatalytic activity of S-CQD and significant conductivity of PEDOT- modified electrode enhance the electrocatalytic activity for the phloroglucinol oxidation. The oxidation peak current of PL shows a higher response on the finally modified electrode than the other electrodes. The developed electrochemical sensor for the selective and sensitive detection of PL showed a good linear range of 36 -360 nM and a detection limit of 11 nM. The modified electrodes were characterized using Transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS). Finally, the developed method was successfully used to detect Phloroglucinol from industrial effluents with RSD (0.841.02%) and (98.5101.2%) of recovery. 2023
creator: Keerthana P.; George A.; Benny L.; Varghese A.
source: Electrochimica Acta, Vol-448
publisher: Elsevier Ltd
date: 2023-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 134686; CODEN: ELCAA
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Keerthana P., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; George A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Benny L., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India

Biomass Derived Fluorescent Nanocarbon Sensor for Effective Sensing of Toxic Cadmium Metal Ions
subject: Fluorescence sensing; Green synthesis; Nanocarbon sensor
description: Cadmium ion (Cd2+) is common in our surroundings and may readily bioaccumulate into the organism following passage through the respiratory and digestive systems. Chronic exposure to Cd2+ can lead to considerable bioaccumulation in an organism because of its longer biological high life (1030 years), which permanently harms the health of humans and animals. Considering this hazardous effect of toxic Cd2+ metal ions, there is a need to develop a toxic-free and simple sensor synthesized from easily available and biocompatible biomass or natural precursor. Herein we report the effective synthesis and development of a fluorescence sensor from Indigofera tinctoria (L.), a well-known medicinal plant via one step green, hydrothermal synthesis method. The remarkable fluorescence and larger stokes shift make it ideal for fluorescence sensing strategy. This sensor detects potentially toxic Cd2+ assisting fluorescence sensing strategy in the metal ion concentration range from 1 nM to 1 M. The SternVolmer plot exhibits a remarkable linear detection range exhibiting limit of detection (LOD) as 14.74 nM. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
creator: Neethu J.; Ann M.A.; Manoj B.
source: Springer Proceedings in Materials, Vol-28, pp. 265-269.
publisher: Springer Nature
date: 2023-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 26623161
format: Online
language: English
type: Book chapter
coverage: Neethu J., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, India; Ann M.A., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, India; Manoj B., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, India

Biomass- or Biowaste-Derived Carbon Nanoparticles as Promising Materials for Electrochemical Sensing Applications
description: Modern human lifestyle incorporates the use of sensors to a great extent. Electrochemical sensors are the oldest and most commonly studied type of sensor with a wide commercial usage and numerous possibilities. Porous carbons are an important class of electrode materials and have a number of benefits compared to other materials in terms of sensor fabrications. Biomass pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization are important techniques to synthesize cost-effective, cheap, and more environmentally friendly porous carbon nanomaterials with higher electrocatalytic efficiency, selectivity, and sensitivity and better detection limits. The surface area of hierarchical porous architecture along with the graphitic nature of bio-derived carbon materials greatly affects the performance of electrochemical sensors. Numerous techniques are performed to improve the surface properties such as activation, doping, etc., in order to enhance the electrocatalytic behavior of working electrodes. The carbon materials discussed here are promising candidates as an effective alternative to many commercial electrochemical sensors. 2022 WILEY-VCH GmbH, Boschstra 12, 69469 Weinheim, Germany. All rights reserved
creator: Cherian A.R.; Bhat V.S.; Varghese A.; Hegde G.
source: Environmental Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials-Based Devices, pp. 53-86.
publisher: wiley
date: 2021-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISBN: 978-352783097-8; 978-352734865-7
format: Online
language: English
type: Book chapter
coverage: Cherian A.R., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Department of Chemistry, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Bhat V.S., B.M.S. College of Engineering, Centre for Nano-materials and Displays, Bull Temple Road, Bengaluru, 560019, India; Varghese A., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Department of Chemistry, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Hegde G., B.M.S. College of Engineering, Centre for Nano-materials and Displays, Bull Temple Road, Bengaluru, 560019, India

Biomass-Based Functional Carbon Nanostructures for Supercapacitors
description: For the creation of next-generation biocompatible energy technologies, it is urgently necessary to examine environmentally acceptable, low-cost electrode materials with high adsorption, rapid ion/electron transit, and programmable surface chemistry. Because of their wide availability, environmentally friendly nature, and affordability, carbon electrode materials made from biomass have received a lot of interest lately. The biological structures they naturally possess are regular and accurate, and they can be used as templates to create electrode materials with precise geometries. The current study is primarily concerned with recent developments in research pertaining to biomass-derived carbon electrode materials for supercapacitor applications, including plant, fruit, vegetable, and microorganism-based carbon electrode materials. Also provided is a summary of alternative synthesis methods for the conversion and activation of biomass waste. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
creator: Molahalli V.; Shetty A.; Bijapur K.; Soman G.; Sharma A.; Joseph J.; Hegde G.
source: Green Energy and Technology, pp. 1-39.
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
date: 2023-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 18653529
format: Online
language: English
type: Book chapter
coverage: Molahalli V., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Shetty A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Bijapur K., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Soman G., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Sharma A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Joseph J., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Hegde G., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, 560029, India

Biomass-Derived Carbon Materials in Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Step towards Sustainable Future
subject: biomass-derived carbon materials; catalysis; electrocatalysis; organic reactions; photocatalysis; surface modification
description: Biomass-derived carbons are emerging materials with a wide range of catalytic properties, such as large surface area and porosity, which make them ideal candidates to be used as heterogeneous catalysts and catalytic supports. Their unique physical and chemical properties, such as their tunable surface, chemical inertness, and hydrophobicity, along with being environmentally friendly and cost effective, give them an edge over other catalysts. The biomass-derived carbon materials are compatible with a wide range of reactions including organic transformations, electrocatalytic reactions, and photocatalytic reactions. This review discusses the uses of materials produced from biomass in the realm of heterogeneous catalysis, highlighting the different types of carbon materials derived from biomass that are potential catalysts, and the importance and unique properties of heterogeneous catalysts with different preparation methods are summarized. Furthermore, this review article presents the relevant work carried out in recent years where unique biomass-derived materials are used as heterogeneous catalysts and their contribution to the field of catalysis. The challenges and potential prospects of heterogeneous catalysis are also discussed. 2022 by the authors.
creator: Shetty A.; Molahalli V.; Sharma A.; Hegde G.
source: Catalysts, Vol-13, No. 1
publisher: MDPI
date: 2023-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 20734344
format: Online
language: English
type: Review
coverage: Shetty A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India; Molahalli V., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India; Sharma A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India; Hegde G., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India

Biomass-derived carbon supported cobalt-phospho-boride as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for enhanced alkaline water splitting
description: Developing efficient and low-cost bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting in order to reduce the future energy crisis is crucial and challenging. Herein, a facile two-step fabrication via pyrolysis and chemical reduction was used for the synthesis of biomass-derived carbon-based electrocatalyst (MT) from mulberry bark and its subsequent modification with cobalt phospho-boride (MT/CoPB) for efficient bifunctional electrocatalysis in alkaline media. The effect of B/P ratios and carbon-to-metal ratios on electrocatalytic performance of HER was investigated. Notably, the optimized MT/CoPB catalyst (B/P = 5, C : M = 2 : 1) exhibited a lower overpotential of ?86 mV for HER and 310 mV for OER to reach the current density of 10 mA cm?2. The robust electrocatalytic performance of MT/CoPB towards the HER and OER was attributed to the combined effect of carbon and CoPB. Notably, it achieved a low cell voltage of 1.59 V to reach a current density of 10 mA cm?2, also maintaining reliable long-term stability. Characterization studies revealed that the enhanced performance was due to the amorphous structure of the catalyst, high electrochemical surface area, and efficient charge transfer. This work demonstrates the potential of biomass-derived carbon-based materials in the development of cost-effective and durable electrocatalysts for water splitting and green hydrogen production. 2025 RSC.
creator: Sirichandana, B.; Silviya, R.; Bhat, S. Venkataprasad; Patel, Nainesh; Hegde, Gurumurthy
source: Nanoscale Advances;Volume;7;Issue;13;pp.4056-4066
publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
date: 01-01-2025
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
relation: ISSN: 25160230;
format: online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Sirichandana B., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Silviya R., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Bhat S.V., Green Energy Materials (GEM) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Deemed to be University, Tamil Nadu, Kattankulathur, India; Patel N., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Hegde G., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India, Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India

Biomass-derived carbonaceous materials: Synthesis and photocatalytic applications
description: [No abstract available]
creator: Sasitharan K.; Varghese A.
source: Novel Applications of Carbon Based Nano-materials, pp. 412-429.
publisher: CRC Press
date: 2022-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISBN: 978-100078786-3; 978-103202480-6
format: Online
language: English
type: Book chapter
coverage: Sasitharan K., Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom; Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India

Biomass-derived carbonaceous materials: Synthesis and photocatalytic applications /
subject: Chemistry
description: Novel Applications of Carbon Based Nano-materials, 1st ed., pp.412-429, eBook ISBN : 9781003183549.
creator: Sasitharan, Kezia., Varghese, Anitha.
source: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/9781003183549-26/biomass-derived-carbonaceous-materials-synthesis-photocatalytic-applications-kezia-sasitharan-anitha-varghese
publisher: Taylor & Francis Online
date: 2022-02-10
language: English
type: Book Chapter

Biomass-derived N-doped carbon to anchor bimetallic-phospho boride for hydrogen evolution from alkaline seawater
subject: Biomass-derived carbon; Electrocatalyst; Golden shower pods; Hydrogen evolution reaction; Seawater electrolysis
description: Seawater electrolysis offers a sustainable pathway for hydrogen production, but is hindered by the limited activity and stability of electrocatalysts, with Pt-based materials being highly active yet costly and scarce. To address these issues, we synthesize nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) via a solvent-free method from golden shower biomass. NC is integrated with CoMoPB catalysts using a facile chemical reduction process. The resulting CoMoPB/NC catalyst exhibited superior HER activity, achieving a low overpotential of 34 mV at 10 mA/cm2 in alkaline natural seawater, outperforming the commercial Pt/C catalyst under similar conditions. The CoMoPB/NC catalyst demonstrated considerable stability at ?500 mA/cm2 for 100 h and showed strong HER performance in seawater electrolyzers, reaching ?1.98 V at 500 mA/cm2. This study explores the potential of biomass-derived catalysts to rival and surpass commercial noble metal-based systems, offering a cost-effective and sustainable solution for industrial-scale seawater electrolysis and renewable energy applications. 2025 Elsevier Ltd
creator: Silviya, R.; Gupta, Suraj; Spreitzer, Matja; Patel, Nainesh; Fernandes, Rohan
source: Fuel;Volume;405;Issue;;Article No.;136531;
publisher: Elsevier Ltd
date: 01-01-2026
rights: Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
relation: ISSN: 162361; CODEN: FUELA
format: online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Silviya R., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Gupta S., Advanced Materials Department, Joef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovakia; Spreitzer M., Advanced Materials Department, Joef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovakia; Patel N., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Fernandes R., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India