Engine behavior analysis on a conventional diesel engine combustion mode powered by low viscous cedarwood oil/waste cooking oil biodiesel/diesel fuel mixture An experimental study
subject: And Emission; Cedarwood Oil; Co-efficient of Variance; Combustion Efficiency; Performance; Waste Cooking Oil biodiesel
description: Binary biofuel is the best alternative source that completely replaces petroleum-based fuel. In this study, we have experimented with the waste cooking oil and cedarwood oil as biofuel in a DI CI engine for various proportions and related its combustion, emission, and performance characteristics to those of base diesel. This study aims to eliminate the utilization of fossil fuel in a diesel engine by introducing green binary fuel (low viscous fuel resulting from the blending of cedarwood oil with WCO biodiesel) successfully. The objective of the study is to convert cedarwood WCO into green binary fuel and investigate its performance, emission, and combustion properties. The transesterification process is utilized for the enhancement of WCO as biodiesel. It occasioned a reduction in brake thermal efficiency as the addition of waste cooking oil in the blend increased. At the same time, the maximum value of BTE of 27.8% was attained for B10C90 (10% transesterified waste cooking oil and 90% cedarwood oil in volume), whereas it was 28.1% for diesel at maximum load conditions. The BSEC was 15.4 MJ/kW-hr for B10C90 and 12.8 MJ/kWhr for diesel. The emission characteristics, CO, HC, NOx, CO2, and smoke for B10C90 were 17.93 g/kWhr, 0.55 g/kWhr., 20.09 g/kWhr, 2210.9 g/kWhr, and 25.55%. Combustion features such as NHRR, burn duration, MPRR, combustion efficiency, Ignition delay, and coefficient of variance for B10C90 were 53.74 bar, 29.38 CAD, 4.71 bar/CAD, 99.7%, 7.01 CAD, and 4.73% respectively. It showed that B10C90 had comparable performance (BTE) and combustion values to mineral diesel with better emission characteristics. 2024 The Institution of Chemical Engineers
creator: Nguyen V.N.; Balasubramanian D.; Rajarajan A.; Venugopal I.P.; Dineshkumar C.; Ravikumar R.; Nguyen Le D.T.; Cao D.N.; Femilda Josephin J.S.; Chinnathambi A.; Pugazhendhi A.; Varuvel E.G.
source: Process Safety and Environmental Protection, Vol-184, pp. 560-578.
publisher: Institution of Chemical Engineers
date: 2024-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 9575820
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Nguyen V.N., Institute of Engineering, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Balasubramanian D., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, Sivakasi, India; Rajarajan A., Department of Mechanical Engineering, CK College of Engineering and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Cuddalore, India; Venugopal I.P., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, Sivakasi, India; Dineshkumar C., Department of Automobile Engineering, BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India; Ravikumar R., Department of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India; Nguyen Le D.T., Faculty of Automotive Engineering, Dong A University, Danang, Viet Nam; Cao D.N., PATET Research Group, Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Femilda Josephin J.S., Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Autotronics, Institute of Automobile Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Tamil N?du, Chennai, 602105, India; Chinnathambi A., Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pugazhendhi A., School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon, Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Tamil Nadu, Kelambakkam, 603103, India; Varuvel E.G., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Automobile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Kattankulathur, 603203, India

Engineered biocorona on microplastics as a toxicity mitigation strategy in marine environment: Experiments with a marine crustacean Artemia salina
subject: Algae; Brine shrimp; Cell free extract; Engineered biocorona; Microplastics; Toxicity mitigation
description: The marine environment has become a major sink for microplastics (MPs) wastes. When MPs interact with biological macromolecules, the biocorona forms on their surface, which can alter their biological reactivity and toxicity. In this study, we investigated the impact of biocorona formation on the toxicity of aminated (NH2) and carboxylated (COOH) polystyrene MPs towards the marine crustacean Artemia salina. Biocoronated MPs were prepared using cell-free extracts (CFEs) from microalgae Chlorella sp. (phytoplankton) and the brine shrimp Artemia salina (zooplankton). The results revealed that biocorona formation effectively reduced the toxicity of MPs. Pristine NH2-MPs exhibited higher reactive oxygen species production (ROS) (182%) compared to COOH-MPs (162%) in Artemia salina. Notably, NH2-MPs coronated with brine shrimp CFE exhibited a substantial reduction in ROS production (127%) than those coronated with algal CFE, with COOH-MPs showing a similar trend (120%). Biocorona formation also significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and antioxidant activity compared to pristine MPs. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations demonstrated a strong binding between polystyrene and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In vitro studies indicated that pristine NH2-MPs exhibited more reduction in AChE activity (84%) compared to COOH-MPs (95%). However, no significant reduction in AChE activity was observed upon exposure to MPs coronated with either algal or brine shrimp cell-free extracts. Independent action modeling indicated an antagonistic interaction for MPs coronated with both the CFEs. Pearson correlation and cluster heatmap analysis suggested that the toxicity reduction in Artemia salina might be driven by decreased oxidative stress followed by the corona formation. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential of biomolecules from phytoplankton and zooplankton to reduce MPs toxicity in Artemia salina, while highlighting their role in modulating th…
creator: Rex M C.; Bairoliya A.; Gairola S.; Sureshkumar P.; Niranjan V.; Nag A.; Mukherjee A.
source: Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances, Vol-17
publisher: Elsevier B.V.
date: 2025-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 27724166
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Rex M C., Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT, Tamil Nadu, Vellore, 632014, India; Bairoliya A., Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT, Tamil Nadu, Vellore, 632014, India; Gairola S., Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT, Tamil Nadu, Vellore, 632014, India; Sureshkumar P., R V College of Engineering, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Niranjan V., R V College of Engineering, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Nag A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Mukherjee A., Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT, Tamil Nadu, Vellore, 632014, India

https://archives.christuniversity.in/items/show/14387
title: Engineering a low-cost diatomite with Zn-Mg-Al Layered triple hydroxide (LTH) adsorbents for the effectual removal of Congo red: Studies on batch adsorption, mechanism, high selectivity, and desorption
subject: Adsorption; Congo red; Diatomite; Modification; Removal; Zn-Mg-Al LTH
description: In this work, naturally occurring, low-cost diatomite (De) or diatomaceous earth (DE) adsorbent was treated with various molar concentrations (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 M) of Zn-Mg-Al layered triple hydroxide (LTH) using a co-precipitation approach. The DE-modified samples were named 0.05 LDE, 0.1 LDE, and 0.2 LDE and employed to remove Congo Red (CR) dye from an aqueous solution. The adsorbents were examined using XRD, BET-N2 adsorption-desorption method, ATR-IR, FESEM-EDX, and XPS, and also analyzed for zeta potentials of adsorbents at pH values between 5 and 11 to observe their surface charges. The removal efficiencies of CR were 96.5%, 99.7%, and 94.5% for 20 mg of 0.05 LDE, 0.1 LDE, and 0.2 LDE, respectively, at pH 7. A bare DE, however, showed a removal efficiency of only 7.4%. After CR adsorption, the maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) of the adsorbents were examined using the Langmuir isotherm, and the results showed that 0.1 LDE-CR (44.0 mgg?1) had a higher qmax than 0.05 LDE-CR (35.6 mgg?1), 0.2 LDE-CR (27.9 mgg?1), and DE-CR (0.9 mgg?1). The optimal adsorbent of 0.1 LDE was utilized for the selectivity and salt effects based on the investigation's efficiency in removing contaminants. 0.1 LDE has been studied for reusability of up to five cycles and can remove CR up to three cycles with 77.7% and 79.9% efficiency using NaCl and NaOH, respectively. The adsorbents may therefore be particularly effective at removing CR from water and beneficial in industrial settings where dye is often used. 2023 Elsevier B.V.
creator: Vishal K.; Aruchamy K.; Sriram G.; Ching Y.C.; Oh T.H.; Hegde G.; Ajeya K.V.; Joshi S.; Sowriraajan A.V.; Jung H.-Y.; Kurkuri M.
source: Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Vol-661
publisher: Elsevier B.V.
date: 2023-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 9277757; CODEN: CPEAE
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Vishal K., Department of Mechanical Engineering, The National Institute of Engineering, Karnataka, Mysuru, 570008, India, Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), JAIN (Deemed-to-be-University), Jain Global Campus, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 562 112, India; Aruchamy K., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Sriram G., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Ching Y.C., Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Oh T.H., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Hegde G., Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed-to-be-University), Hosur Rd, Bhavani Nagar, S.G. Palya, Bangalore 29, Karnataka, India; Ajeya K.V., Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Joshi S., Department of Mechanical Engineering, The National Institute of Engineering, Karnataka, Mysuru, 570008, India; Sowriraajan A.V., Fire and Combustion Research Centre, JAIN (Deemed-to-be-University), Jain Global Campus, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 562112, India; Jung H.-Y., Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Kurkuri M., Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), JAIN (Deemed-to-be-University), Jain Global Campus, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 562 112, India

Engineering applications of artificial intelligence
description: Artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved rapidly over the past few decades, permeating various aspects of our lives and transforming industries. This chapter explores the emerging applications of AI across diverse fields, including healthcare, finance, transportation, education, and entertainment. In healthcare, AI is revolutionizing diagnostics, drug discovery, personalized medicine, and patient care. In finance, AI-powered algorithms are enhancing trading strategies, risk assessment, fraud detection, and customer service. The transportation sector is witnessing advancements in autonomous vehicles, traffic management, and logistics optimization through AI technologies. AI is also reshaping education with adaptive learning platforms, personalized tutoring, and educational analytics. Moreover, in the entertainment industry, AI is driving content creation, recommendation systems, and virtual experiences. Despite the remarkable progress, challenges such as ethical concerns, bias mitigation, data privacy, and regulatory frameworks need to be addressed for the responsible deployment of AI. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
creator: Lakkshmanan A.; Seranmadevi R.; Sree P.H.; Tyagi A.K.
source: Enhancing Medical Imaging with Emerging Technologies, pp. 166-179.
publisher: IGI Global
date: 2024-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISBN: 979-836935263-2; 979-836935261-8
format: Online
language: English
type: Book chapter
coverage: Lakkshmanan A., Department of Computing Technologies, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankaluthur, India; Seranmadevi R., Department of Professional Studies, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Sree P.H., ECE Department, CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India; Tyagi A.K., Department of Fashion Technology, National Institute of Fashion Technology, New Delhi, India

Engineering applications of blockchain in this smart era
description: The advent of blockchain technology has revolutionized various industries, offering novel solutions to age-old problems. In this smart era, characterized by interconnected devices and burgeoning digital ecosystems, blockchain stands out as a transformative force. This chapter explores the emerging applications of blockchain technology in this paradigm shift towards smart systems. One prominent application of blockchain lies in the domain of decentralized finance (DeFi). Blockchain facilitates peer-to-peer transactions, eliminating the need for intermediaries like banks. Smart contracts, powered by blockchain, automate and execute agreements, enabling programmable finance, lending, and asset management. Moreover, blockchain's transparency and immutability enhance trust in financial transactions, fostering financial inclusion and security. In the realm of SCM, blockchain offers unprecedented transparency and traceability. By recording every transaction on an immutable ledger, blockchain enables users to track the journey of products from raw materials to end consumers. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
creator: Tyagi A.K.; Kumari S.; Chidambaram N.; Sharma A.
source: Enhancing Medical Imaging with Emerging Technologies, pp. 180-196.
publisher: IGI Global
date: 2024-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISBN: 979-836935263-2; 979-836935261-8
format: Online
language: English
type: Book chapter
coverage: Tyagi A.K., National Institute of Fashion Technology, New Delhi, India; Kumari S., SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India; Chidambaram N., Department of Professional Studies, Christ University, Bangalore, India; Sharma A., Sharda University, Greater Noida, India

Engineering CoMn2O? nanofibers: Enhancing one-dimensional electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors
subject: Electrospinning; Nanofibers; One dimensional; Supercapacitor; Symmetric device
description: One-dimensional CoMn2O4 nanofibers were developed via the electrospinning method, offers a novel approach for designing electrode materials for energy storage device -supercapacitors. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with EDX confirmed the highly porous CoMn2O4 phase with desired composition. Elemental mapping studies confirmed uniform distribution of Co, Mn, and O elements throughout the nanofibers.Electrochemical studies underscored the crucial role of structural voids and spacing in enhancing energy storage capacity, establishing CoMn2O4 as a promising electrode material. Specific energy and power studies yielded remarkable results of 93.84 Whr/kg and 55.20 kW/kg, respectively. Additionally, specific capacitance determination returned 937.42 F/g, indicating exceptional charging and discharging performance over 1000 cycles with 93.3 % capacitance retention. Moreover, the flexible symmetric supercapacitor is expected to demonstrate exceptional flexibility and electrochemical stability, achieving a specific energy of 232 Wh/kg and a specific power of 84 kW/kg at a current density of 1 mA/cm. These findings advance our understanding of CoMn2O4 nanofibers and offer insights into developing efficient and stable energy storage systems for diverse applications. 2025 Elsevier B.V.
creator: Jirankalagi S.N.; Molane A.C.; Sutar S.M.; Mulik R.N.; Selvaraj M.; Sunajadevi K.R.P.; Patil V.B.
source: Synthetic Metals, Vol-311
publisher: Elsevier Ltd
date: 2025-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 3796779; CODEN: SYMED
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Jirankalagi S.N., Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, PAH Solapur University, MS, Solapur, 413255, India, Department of Physics, DBF Dayanand College of Arts & Science, MS, Solapur, 413002, India; Molane A.C., Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, PAH Solapur University, MS, Solapur, 413255, India; Sutar S.M., Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, PAH Solapur University, MS, Solapur, 413255, India; Mulik R.N., Department of Physics, DBF Dayanand College of Arts & Science, MS, Solapur, 413002, India; Selvaraj M., Central Labs, King Khalid University, Abha, AlQura'a, P.O. Box 960, Saudi Arabia, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Sunajadevi K.R.P., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Patil V.B., Functional Materials Research Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, PAH Solapur University, MS, Solapur, 413255, India

Engineering the functionality of porous organic polymers (POPs) for metal/cocatalyst-free CO2 fixation at atmospheric conditions
subject: Atmospheric pressure; CO2 utilization; Cyclic carbonates; Metal/Co-catalyst-free fixation; Porous Organic Polymer (POP)
description: Carbon dioxide (CO2) utilization as C1 feedstock under metal/co-catalyst-free conditions facilitates the development of eco-friendly routes for mitigating atmospheric CO2 concentration and producing value-added compounds. In this regard, herein, we designed a bifunctional porous organic polymer (POP-1) by incorporating acidic (-CONH) and CO2-philic (-NH/N) sites by judicious choice of organic precursors. Indeed, POP-1 exhibits high heat of interaction for CO2 (40.2 kJ/mol) and excellent catalytic performance for transforming carbon dioxide to cyclic carbonates, a high-value commodity chemical with high selectivity and yield under metal/cocatalyst/solvent-free atmospheric pressure conditions. Interestingly, an analogous polymer (POP-2) that lacks basic (-NH/N) sites showed lower CO2 interaction energy (31.6 kJ/mol) and catalytic activity than that of POP-1. The theoretical studies further supported the superior catalytic activity of POP-1 in the absence of Lewis acidic metal and cocatalyst. Notably, POP-1 showed excellent reusability with retention of catalytic performance for multiple cycles of usage. Overall, this work presents a novel approach to metal/cocatalyst/solvent-free utilization of CO2 under eco-friendly atmospheric pressure conditions. 2024 Elsevier Ltd
creator: Das R.; Kishan R.; Muthukumar D.; Pillai R.S.; Nagaraja C.M.
source: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Vol-12, No. 5
publisher: Elsevier Ltd
date: 2024-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 22133437
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Das R., Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, Rupnagar, 140001, India; Kishan R., Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, Rupnagar, 140001, India; Muthukumar D., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560 022, India; Pillai R.S., Department of Chemistry, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560 022, India; Nagaraja C.M., Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, Rupnagar, 140001, India

English language traning for core course instruction in commerce courses :
subject: English
description: Tracing the scope and growth of English in the globalised world, this research focusses on helping the learners to improve their English language proficiency through core course instruction. The research has identified the scope of study in the Commerce discipline of higher education setting. The study aims to locate the possibility of learning and improving general vocabulary for the purpose of communication. It traces the existing studies in integrating English language in core course content at various levels and establishes the gap in the study. The mileage that English Language Teaching has covered in the past few decades is far newlinefrom listing. However, areas of study that might seem familiar and established still newlineseem to provide more scope for research. English language, no doubt has become newlinethe medium of instruction in most of the higher education settings. Students get newlineexposed to different course content through English, and training teachers for various skills has become an important quarter in the education setting. With each passing generation, there is a need to create a training approach that suits the lifestyle, advancements in various forums and needs of the learners. This research attempts to create a training module for the purpose of equipping teachers with the ability to teach English, which is the medium of instruction, through core course instruction in the higher education scenario. The research provides a module that could serve as a model for teachers to use language effectively and equip their learners not just with the knowledge of the subject, but also the knowledge of the language through which the content is delivered. The purpose of this study is to highlight the need for a holistic understanding of the language used for content delivery and also to enable students to be able to use the language inputs received here, in daily life communication too.
creator: Bhavani, S
source: Author's Submission
publisher: Christ(Deemed to be University)
date: 2019-01-01
contributor: Pinto, Anil Joseph
rights: Open Access
relation: 61000119
format: PDF
language: English
type: PhD

English to Hindi Translation System Using Hybrid Techniques
subject: CNN; LSTM; MT5; NLP; RNN; SEQ-TO-SEQ
description: Good communication is critical for overcoming cultural and linguistic divides in today's internationalized society. An essential communication component is the Translation of written materials, primarily academic papers, from one language into another. This abstract focuses on the research involved in translating academic publications from Hindi to English. Translating Hindi academic papers into English is naturally hard due to the significant linguistic and cultural differences between the two languages. The proposed work provided an analytical analysis of various models used in language translation, including the seq-to-seq model, MT5, and LSTM, with the help of BLEU score, Learning rate, and average loss. MT5 model outshines others in terms of an average loss of 4.75; meanwhile, LSTM has an average loss of 5.56, and the seq-to-seq model has an average loss of 6.09, implying weaker Translation. 2024 IEEE.
creator: Rajora B.; Yogish D.; Elappila M.
source: Proceedings of InC4 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Communications
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
date: 2024-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISBN: 979-835038365-2
format: Online
language: English
type: Conference paper
coverage: Rajora B., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangalore, India; Yogish D., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangalore, India; Elappila M., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangalore, India

Enhanced AIS Based Intrusion Detection System Using Natural Killer Cells
subject: AIS; anomaly detection; IDS; Intrusion; natural killer cells
description: Intrusion detection system is used to monitor the system and network activities to identify anomalies and attacks so that integrity, availability, and confidentiality can be preserved. Here an intrusion detection system based on Artificial Immune System is proposed based on Natural Killer (NK) cells with immunological memory. NK cells are created and each NK cells detection radius is determined using the negative selection algorithm and is trained to detect various attacks. Effective cells with high fairness values are proliferated and distributed to the network using clonal selection algorithm. In this paper, two types of NK cell are used-a Heavyweight NK cell (HWNK) and a number of Lightweight NK cells (LWNK). The incoming data is vectorized and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (MHC1) is created. Then based on this MHC1, any of the receptors i.e. Activating Receptor or Inhibiting Receptor is activated. If it is the signature of an attack, Activating Receptor is activated. Activating receptor activation results in either cytokine release or apoptosis. Here cytokine release means an alarm is generated informing the administrator and apoptosis stands for dropping of the packet. If Inhibiting Receptor is activated, it's a normal packet there is no action taken. The technique proposed yields high accuracy, better detection rate and quick response time. 2020 River Publishers. All Rights Reserved.
creator: Bejoy B.J.; Janakiraman S.
source: Journal of Cyber Security and Mobility, Vol-9, No. 4, pp. 515-534.
publisher: River Publishers
date: 2020-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
relation: ISSN: 22451439
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Bejoy B.J., Department of CSE, Christ (Deemed to be University), India; Janakiraman S., Department of Banking Technology, Pondicherry University, India

Enhanced Automated Online Examination Portal Using Convolutional Neural Network
subject: Artificial Intelligence; Cloud Computing; Learning Management Systems; Machine Learning; Online Examination; Proctoring Systems
description: In recent years, the digital evolution of education has significantly shaped the landscape of learning, steering it away from traditional classroom settings towards more agile e-learning platforms. This shift has underscored the urgency for comprehensive online examination systems, tailored to meet the unique challenges and demands of virtual education. Online learning platforms have seen a rapid rise in popularity, given their flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and capability to cater to learners worldwide. Such a widespread audience brings along the challenge of conducting exams without the constraints of geography and scale. Traditional examinations, with their manual paper based formats, fail to fit within this digital mold due to their logistical challenges and inefficiencies. Consequently, an online examination system not only introduces convenience but also operational efficiency, eliminating many of the logistical nightmares associated with manual exams. While existing tools might provide online testing capabilities, the integration of Artificial Intelligent driven proctoring in this portal elevates the standards of academic integrity to unprecedented levels. The main aim of this article is to create online test platform with the support of Artificial Intelligence technology. The result detect the malpractice activity and electronic device usage detection while online examination. 2023 IEEE.
creator: Vivek M.; Clintford P.S.; Prithvi R.; Maurya A.K.; Jayapandian N.
source: 4th International Conference on Communication, Computing and Industry 6.0, C216 2023
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
date: 2023-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISBN: 979-835032732-8
format: Online
language: English
type: Conference paper
coverage: Vivek M., Department of CSE, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India; Clintford P.S., Department of CSE, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India; Prithvi R., Department of CSE, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India; Maurya A.K., School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India; Jayapandian N., School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India

Enhanced Automated Oxygen Level controller for COVID Patient By Using Internet of Things (IoT)
subject: Cloud Computing; Internet of Things; Oxygen Concentration; Peak Detection Algorithm; Smart Pulse Oximeter
description: The Internet of Things (IoT) shall be merged firmly and interact with a higher number of altered embedded sensor networks. It provides open access for the subsets of information for humankind's future aspects and on-going pandemic situations. It has changed the way of living wirelessly, with high involvement and COVID-related issues that COVID patients are facing. There is much research going on in the recent domain, like the Internet of Things. Considering the financial-economic growth, there isn't much significance as IoT is growing with industry 5.0 as the latest version. The newly spreading COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease, 2019) will emphasize the IoT based technologies in a greater impact. It is growing with an increase in productivity. In collaboration with Cloud computing, it shows wireless communication efficiently and makes the COVID-19 eradication in a greater way. The COVID-19 issues which are faced by the COVID patients. Many patients are suffering from inhalation because of lung problems. The second wave attacks mainly on the lungs, where there is a shortage of breathing problems because of less supply of oxygen (insufficient amount of oxygen). The challenges emphasized as proposed are like the shortage of monitoring the on-going process. Readily being active in this pandemic situation, the mentioned areas are from which need to be discussed. The frameworks and services are given the correct data and information for supply of oxygen to the COVID patients to an extent. The Internet of Things also analyzes the data from the user perspective, which will later be executed for making on-demand technology more reliable. The outcome for the COVID-19 has been taken completely to help the on-going COVID patients live, which can be monitored through Oxygen Concentration based on the IoT framework. Finally, this article discusses and mentions all the parameters for COVID patients with complete information based on IoT. 2022 IEEE.
creator: Karmakar A.; Mohan T.L.R.; Jayapandian N.
source: 6th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology, ICECA 2022 - Proceedings, pp. 465-470.
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
date: 2022-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Bronze Open Access
relation: ISBN: 978-166548271-4
format: Online
language: English
type: Conference paper
coverage: Karmakar A., Christ (Deemed to Be University), Department of Cse, India; Mohan T.L.R., Christ (Deemed to Be University), Department of Cse, India; Jayapandian N., Christ (Deemed to Be University), Department of Cse, India

Enhanced Battery Life with Supercapacitor Applied to Renewable Energy Based Electric Vehicles
subject: Electric vehicles (EVs); Fuzzy logic controller (FLC); Hybrid energy storage system (HESS); Math Function-Based (MFB) Controller; Proportional-Integral (PI) controller; Solar power
description: The main goal of this work is of developing a control approach, which is able to obtain the smooth switching between energy sources, battery, and Supercapacitor (SCAP). With four separate math functions, a new math function-based (MFB) controller is designed, and this MFB will generate four output signals corresponding to the motor's speed. Further, the MFB is combined with an FLC/PI controller to reach the theme of the work. Two-hybrid different controllers are intended as per the proposed control strategy termed as MFB with FLC and MFB with PI and both are implemented individually in MATLAB/Simulink in four different modes. The entire model is implemented including a solar panel to charge the battery, this solar panel (SP) is connected to the battery and UDC through various control switches. Finally, a comparative analysis is made between two hybrid controllers to know the better-performed controller. 2023 Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal. All rights reserved.
creator: Katuri R.; Kumar S.L.V.S.; Suresh K.
source: Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems, Vol-26, No. 3, pp. 164-171.
publisher: International Information and Engineering Technology Association
date: 2023-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Bronze Open Access
relation: ISSN: 14802422
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Katuri R., Department of Electrical engineering, VFSTR Deemed to be University, Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522213, India; Kumar S.L.V.S., ZF Technology Center Hyderabad, India; Suresh K., Christ - Deemed to be University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India

Enhanced Channel Division Method for Estimation of Discharge in Meandering Compound Channel
subject: Apparent shear force; Channel division method; Discharge; Gene-expression programming; Interface method; Meandering compound channel; Percentage of shear force
description: Accurate prediction of shear force distribution along the boundary in open channels is a key to the solution of numerous hydraulic problems. The problem becomes more complicated for meandering compound channels. A model is developed for predicting the percentage of shear force at the floodplain (%Sfp) of two-stage meandering channels using gene-expression programming (GEP) by considering five dimensionless parameters viz. the width ratio, relative depth, sinuosity, bed slope, and meander belt width ratio as the inputs in the model. Basing on the %Sfp, the apparent shear force along the division lines of separation in compound channels is selected for discharge calculation using the conventional channel division methods. An Enhanced Channel Division Method (ECDM) is introduced to calculate discharge by assuming interface line at main channel and floodplain junction. A modified variable-inclined (MVI) interface is suggested having zero apparent shear determined from flow contribution in the main channel and floodplain. The MVI interface is further used to calculate discharge in the meandering compound channels. Performance of the GEP model is tested against other analytical methods of calculating %Sfp. Error between the observed and calculated discharges using the MVI interface is found to be the minimum when compared to other interface methods. The enhance channel division method is successfully applied for validating the two available overbank discharge values for the river Baitarani at Anandapur (drainage area of 8570 sq. km), giving the minimum errors of 0.31% and 1.02% for flow depths of 7.5m and 8.63m, respectively. 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
creator: Mohanta A.; Patra K.C.; Pradhan A.
source: Water Resources Management, Vol-34, No. 3, pp. 1047-1073.
publisher: Springer
date: 2020-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 9204741
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Mohanta A., School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; Patra K.C., Department of Civil Engineering, NIT, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India; Pradhan A., Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST University, Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India

Enhanced Data Security Architecture in Enterprise Networks
subject: Cloud computing; Data cleaning; Data security; Distributed computing; Encryption; Enterprise network; Hadoop file system; Noisy data
description: Encryption and storing important information is one of the risky and most challenging tasks. It is the need of the hour in todays fast growing technological transformations that the world is undergoing. A simple Enterprise network is the communication backbone of any organization. It mostly provides better information storage and efficient retrieval, which helps the organization to function smoothly, without having to think twice about their crucial datas security aspects. The information technology paradigm, cloud computing is used to help the organization to focus on its core business. In cloud computing is dealing with many services. That service is used for provide Platform service with infrastructure and software service. This paper, promotes the idea of combining various security and encryption algorithms to connect different enterprise networks using cloud computing, security layer concepts and giving no room for hackers to intrude into the confidential system of data. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.
creator: Rashmi Shree V.; Antony Z.C.F.; Jayapandian N.
source: Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, Vol-31, pp. 857-864.
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
date: 2020-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 23674512
format: Online
language: English
type: Book chapter
coverage: Rashmi Shree V., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Antony Z.C.F., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Jayapandian N., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India

Enhanced Design and Performance Analysis of a Seven-Level Multilevel Inverter for High-Power Applications
subject: Efficiency; IGBT; Inverter; PWM; THD
description: The structure and performance analysis of a seven-level multilevel inverter is discussed in this study. Due to their capacity to get around the drawbacks of traditional two-level inverters, like high voltage stress on power devices and harmonic distortion, multilevel inverters have attracted a lot of attention lately. Multiple voltage levels can be produced by the seven-level multilevel inverter which is being proposed because it uses a sequential arrangement of power sources and capacitors. The design methodology involves selecting appropriate power devices and capacitance values to achieve the desired voltage levels while minimizing losses and ensuring reliable operation. Total harmonic distortion (THD), inverter efficiency, and voltage stress on power devices are all considered as part of the performance analysis. In comparison to conventional two-level inverters, simulation results indicate that the proposed seven-level multilevel inverter offers lower THD, increased efficiency, and reduced voltage stress. This research contributes to the advancement of multilevel inverter technology and its potential applications in various power conversion systems. 2023 IEEE.
creator: Parimalasundar E.; Jayakumar S.; Nagajothi P.; Chandrika V.S.; Devaraju T.; Suresh K.
source: Proceedings of the 2023 2nd International Conference on Augmented Intelligence and Sustainable Systems, ICAISS 2023, pp. 1862-1868.
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
date: 2023-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISBN: 979-835032579-9
format: Online
language: English
type: Conference paper
coverage: Parimalasundar E., Mohan Babu University (Erst while Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College), Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Tirupati, India; Jayakumar S., Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bengaluru, India; Nagajothi P., S.A. Engineering College, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chennai, India; Chandrika V.S., Kpr Institute of Engineering and Technology, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Coimbatore, India; Devaraju T., Mohan Babu University (Erst while Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College), Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Tirupati, India; Suresh K., Christ University, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bangalore, India

Enhanced dielectric and supercapacitive properties of spherical like Sr doped Sm2O3@CoO triple oxide nanostructures
subject: Dielectric properties; Morphology; Nanostructures; Optical; Srx:Sm2O3@CoO; Supercapacitors
description: Integrating the hybrid nanostructures exhibiting enhanced storage and electrical properties requires tuning of composition of constituents. To address this issue, we prepared Sr2+ nanoparticles (NPs) decorated over Sm2O3@CoO nanostructures (NS) by chemical precipitation. The structure integrity of the composite was determined by analytical tools. Based on the strongest peak of X-ray diffraction (XRD), crystallite size of the nanoparticles was determined to be 26.14 nm, indicating a mixed phase of monoclinic and tetragonal crystal formation. FESEM revealed a spherical-like morphology with a homogeneous distribution of microstructures with average sizes ranging from 68 nm to 60 nm. The optical absorptivity revealed a redshift in absorption bands centred at 337.0 nm, 343.9 nm, and 353.0 nm in UV-region. The optical band gap of NS was found to be in the range of 3.38 eV to 3.15 eV, and the BET surface area of Sr15%:Sm2O3@CoO was found to be 458469 cm2/g with a corresponding pore size of 13.17 nm. All Sr-doped Sm2O3@CoO NS exhibited higher ionic conductivity and dielectric constant than undoped material. In an aqueous KOH electrolyte, the NS showed a specific capacity of 234.2C/g (65.1mAh/g) demonstrating the material as potential candidate in energy storage and dielectrics. 2022 Elsevier Ltd
creator: Adimule V.; Batakurki S.; Bhat V.S.; Yallur B.C.; Hegde G.; Bathula C.
source: Journal of Energy Storage, Vol-57
publisher: Elsevier Ltd
date: 2023-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 2352152X
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Adimule V., Department of Chemistry, Angadi Institute of Technology and Management (AITM), Savagaon Road, Karnataka, Belagavi, 590009, India; Batakurki S., Department of Chemistry, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSR nagar, New BEL Road, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560054, India; Bhat V.S., Centre for Nano-Materials and Displays (CND), B.M.S. College of Engineering, Bull temple road, Basavanagudi, Bangalore, 560 019, India; Yallur B.C., Department of Chemistry, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560054, India; Hegde G., Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed-to-be University), Hosur Rd, Bhavani Nagar, S.G. Palya, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India, Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed-to-be University), Hosur Rd, Bhavani Nagar, S.G. Palya, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; Bathula C., Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, South Korea

Enhanced Edge Computing Model by using Data Combs for Big Data in Metaverse
subject: Augmented Reality; Big data Processing; Data Hive Architecture; Edge computing; Metaverse; Virtual Reality
description: The Metaverse is a huge project undertaken by Facebook in order to bring the world closer together and help people live out their dreams. Even handicapped can travel across the world. People can visit any place and would be safe in the comfort of their homes. Meta (Previously Facebook) plans to execute this by using a combination of AR and VR (Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality). Facebook aims to bring this technology to the people soon. However, a big factor in this idea that needs to be accounted for is the amount of data generation that will take place. Many Computer Science professors and scientists believe that the amount of data Meta is going to generate in one day would almost be equal to the amount of data Instagram/Facebook would have generated in their entire lifetime. This will push the entire data generation by at least 30%, if not more. Using traditional methods such as cloud computing might seem to become a shortcoming in the near future. This is because the servers might not be able to handle such large amounts of data. The solution to this problem should be a system that is designed specifically for handling data that is extremely large. A system that is not only secure, resilient and robust but also must be able to handle multiple requests and connections at once and yet not slow down when the number of requests increases gradually over time. In this model, a solution called the DHA (Data Hive Architecture) is provided. These DHAs are made up of multiple subunits called Data Combs and those are further broken down into data cells. These are small units of memory which can process big data extremely fast. When information is requested from a client (Example: A Data Warehouse) that is stored in multiple edges across the world, then these Data Combs rearrange the data cells within them on the basis of the requested criteria. This article aims to explain this concept of data combs and its usage in the Metaverse. 2023 IEEE.
creator: Mohan T.L.R.; Jayapandian N.
source: IDCIoT 2023 - International Conference on Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, Proceedings, pp. 249-255.
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
date: 2023-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISBN: 978-166547451-1
format: Online
language: English
type: Conference paper
coverage: Mohan T.L.R., Christ (Deemed to Be University), School of Engineering and Technology, India; Jayapandian N., Christ (Deemed to Be University), School of Engineering and Technology, India

Enhanced electrical properties of CuO:CoO decorated with Sm2O3 nanostructure for high-performance supercapacitor
subject: CuO:CoO; Electrical properties; Energy storage; Nanostructures; Samarium oxide; Super capacitor
description: In the present investigation, we have synthesized samarium (Sm) nanoparticles (NPs) and anchored them onto the surface of CuO:CoO nanostructure (NS) by utilizing a simple chemical precipitation method. Nanostructures (NS) were characterized utilizing powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM), UVvisible spectroscopy (UVVis), and BrunauerEmmettTeller (BET) studies. Resulting Smx CuO: CoO (x = 1%, 5%, 10%, and 12%) NS were investigated for their anomalous electrical and supercapacitive behavior. NS energy storage performance was experimentally determined using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic chargedischarge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Sm10%CuO:CoO exhibited better electrochemical response than other samples and showed a maximum specific capacitance of 283.6F/g at 0.25A/g in KOH electrolyte. However, contrary to our expectation, NS displayed rectifying nature in I-V, intercalative nature in C-V, and polaronic permittivity in all concentrations of Sm2O3 doping as compared with undoped CuO:CoO NS. The outstanding properties of Smx CuO:CoO NS are attributed to the synergy of high charge mobility of Sm NPs, leading to significant variation in dielectric permittivity, currentvoltage (I-V) response, capacitancevoltage (C-V) behavior, with the formation of Sm3+ ionic cluster. The clusters lead to a change in dipole moment creating a strong local electric field. Additionally, a CR2032 type symmetric supercapacitor cell was fabricated using Sm10%CuO:CoO, which exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of 67.4F/g at 0.1A/g. The cell was also subjected to 5000 GCD cycles where it retained 96.3% Coulombic efficiency. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
creator: Adimule V.; Bhat V.S.; Joshi R.; Batakurki S.; Hegde G.; Yallur B.C.
source: Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, Vol-27, No. 2, pp. 511-529.
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
date: 2023-01-01
rights: Restricted Access
relation: ISSN: 14328488
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Adimule V., Department of Chemistry, Angadi Institute of Technology and Management (AITM), Savagaon Road, Karnataka, Belagavi, 590009, India; Bhat V.S., Centre for Nano-Materials and Displays (CND), B.M.S. College of Engineering, Bull Temple Road, Basavanagudi, Bangalore, 560 019, India; Joshi R., Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Aland Road, Karnataka, Kadaganchi, Gulbarga, 585311, India; Batakurki S., Department of Chemistry, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, 560054, India; Hegde G., Centre for Adavanced Research and Development (CARD), CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Bhavani Nagar, S.G. Palya, Karnataka, Bangalore, 29, India, Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Bhavani Nagar, S.G. Palya, Karnataka, Bangalore, 29, India; Yallur B.C., Department of Chemistry, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560054, India

Enhanced encryption technique for secure iot data transmission
subject: Cipher; Cryptography; Network Security; Public Key Server; Security Attack
description: Internet of things is the latest booming innovation in the current period, which lets the physical entity to process and intervene with the virtual entities. As all the entities relate to each other, it generates load of data, which lacks proper security and privacy standards. Cryptography is one of the domains of Network Security, which is one such mechanism that helps the data transmission process to be secure enough over the wireless or wired channel and along with that, it provides authenticity, confidentiality, integrity of data and prevents repudiation. In this paper, we have proposed an alternate enhanced cryptographic solution combing the characteristic of symmetric, asymmetric encryption algorithms and Public Key Server. Here, the key pairs of end points (Users Device and IoT device) are generated using Elliptic Curve Cryptography and the respective public keys are registered in Public Key Server along with their unique MAC address. Thereafter, both the ends will agree on one common private secret key, which will be the base for further cryptographic process using AES algorithm. This model can be called as multi-phase protection mechanism. It will make the process of data transmission secure enough that no intermediate can tamper the data. Copyright 2019 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
creator: Bhandari R.; Kirubanand V.B.
source: International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol-9, No. 5, pp. 3732-3738.
publisher: Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
date: 2019-01-01
rights: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
relation: ISSN: 20888708
format: Online
language: English
type: Article
coverage: Bhandari R., Department of Computer Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Kirubanand V.B., Faculty of Computer Science Department, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), India