Murthy H.; Pillai V.J.; Kumar K.P.; Cowan M.
Novel Anti-Corrosion and Anti-Fouling Coatings and Thin Films, pp. xvii-xviii.
https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394234318.fmatter https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85208004626&doi=10.1002%2f9781394234318.fmatter&partnerID=40&md5=f20b9712594414cb485fc3f4f50b99d6
Murthy H., Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Pillai V.J., Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Kumar K.P., Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Cowan M., Dept. of Chemical and Processing Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
A Statistical Analysis and Comparison of the spread of Swine Flu and COVID-19 in India
Corona virus; COVID-19; H1N1; Pandemic; SARS-CoV-2; Swine flu
Introduction: The world is currently experiencing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [COVID-19], however, this is not a new phenomenon; it occurred in 2009-2010 in the form of novel influenza A. (H1N1). The H1N1 virus primarily afflicted people between the ages of 26 and 50, but SARS-CoV-2 primarily afflicted those over the age of 60, increasing the number of deaths owing to their weakened immunity. The report provides a case study of the impact of H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 in India. Methods: Data is obtained from The Hindustan Times newspaper, GoI press releases and World Health Organization (WHO) reports. Results: The incidence rate was initially low and it was only by the 10-15th week that it started increasing. There is an initial upward trend before levelling out followed by a second wave and third wave. COVID-19 exhibited a steeper growth, where the steps taken by the Government were ineffective leading to higher death cases. Kerala was affected due to the travellers returning from the Middle East, while Maharashtra and Delhi saw large incidence rates due to the migrant influx and communal gathering. Conclusion: The most effective and practical approach is to test the symptomatic patients and aggressive testing to contain the transmission. Awareness campaigns to educate the public about social distancing and personal hygiene is more practical. There is still scope of improvement with regards to the public health care support, preparedness and response. Lockdown measures could have been avoided if the initial screening was conducted properly. 2022 UPM Press. All rights reserved.
Murthy H.; Pratap B.R.; Joseph P M.; Pillai V.J.; Chandra K S.; Kumar K.P.
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, Vol-18, No. 6, pp. 92-99.
https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs18.6.14 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85144131604&doi=10.47836%2fmjmhs18.6.14&partnerID=40&md5=26ac66fc16b1c9987eab36811b924592
Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Pratap B.R., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Joseph P M., Department of Computer Science, Modern College of Business and Science, PC 133, Muscat, Oman; Pillai V.J., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Chandra K S., Department of Civil Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Kumar K.P., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India
Nickel-Based Inks for Flexible Electronics - A Review on Recent Trends
conductive electronics; direct ink writing; ink; Inkjet printing; nickel
Inkjet printing (IJP) is an efficient, simple, scalable and low-cost additive manufacturing technique for the deposition of functional materials on substrates used in flexible electronic devices, sensors, and light-emitting diodes to name a few. Nanoparticle ink, metal oxide decomposition (particle-free ink), polymer ink, and semiconductor ink are classifications of the inks used in IJP. Effective printing of the material is possible when the ink parameters (viscosity, particle size, surface tension) and its derived dimensionless quantities (Weber number, Reynolds' number, and Ohnesorge number) fall within a desirable range. The formation of the coffee-ring effect during the post-printing process is one of the major concerns, which affects the morphology and electrical conductivity of the printed pattern. In this review, a summary of recent developments of Ni-based inks in terms of formulation, sintering and properties is presented, along with the effect of combining Ni with other materials such as NiO, Ag, Cu, Zn, Fe, carbon, and rare earth metals on the film properties. The precursors and solvents used for the Ni ink preparation, along with the additives and surfactants, have been presented to understand their impact on the film's properties and develop a design to choose the ideal precursor-solvent pair. Finally, the challenges in formulating inks and the necessity to develop a model to optimize the choice of solvent/ precursor are presented. The model would improve the selection of additives and precursors and reduce material wastage and enhance performance with fewer defects. 2022 World Scientific Publishing Company.
Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems, Vol-21, No. 3, pp. 591-624.
https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219686722500214 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120874705&doi=10.1142%2fS0219686722500214&partnerID=40&md5=a7281f7deb26faa41b6fe9c6ba2e185e
Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Kumbalgodu, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560074, India; Thakur N., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Kumbalgodu, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560074, India; Shankhwar N., Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, Guwahati, 781039, India
Internet of Things in Bioelectronics: Emerging Technologies and Applications
This book provides a comprehensive exploration of the exciting intersection between technology and biology and delves into the principles, applications, and future directions of IoT in the realm of bioelectronics; it serves as both an introduction for those new to the field and as a detailed reference for experienced professionals seeking to deepen their knowledge. The rapid convergence of technology and biology heralds a new era of evolution in the Internet of Things (IoT), a transformative force enabling interconnected devices to communicate and operate with unparalleled synergy. This is particularly true in the groundbreaking field of bioelectronics, where the fusion of biological systems with electronic devices and IoT is reshaping the landscape of bioelectronics, promising to open up new frontiers in healthcare, diagnostics, and personalized medicine. This timely book explores the numerous ways in which IoT-enabled bioelectronic devices are used to monitor and enhance human health, from wearable sensors that track vital signs to implantable devices that can communicate with healthcare providers in real time. One central theme of this book is the transformative impact of IoT on healthcare. By enabling continuous, remote monitoring of patients, IoT technologies are not only improving the accuracy of diagnostics but also making healthcare more accessible and personalized. The book also addresses the critical issues of securing health records on the internet, which are of paramount importance as we increasingly rely on interconnected devices to collect and transmit sensitive health information. Additional attention is paid to the future directions of IoT in bioelectronics and the integration of innovative areas, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data analytics, in driving the development of ever more sophisticated and capable bioelectronic systems. Audience The target audience includes professionals, researchers, academics, and students involved in various fields related to bioelectronics, IoT, healthcare, biotechnology, engineering, and related disciplines. 2024 Scrivener Publishing LLC.
Murthy H.; Zurek-Mortka M.; Pillai V.J.; Kumar K.P.
Internet of Things in Bioelectronics: Emerging Technologies and Applications, pp. 1-314.
https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394241903 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85208344369&doi=10.1002%2f9781394241903&partnerID=40&md5=1d2f106c53b2dc2b64bf632b21f0cb56
Murthy H., Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Zurek-Mortka M., Dept. of Control Systems, Institute for Sustainable Technologies, Radom, Poland; Pillai V.J., Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Kumar K.P., Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
Suspension culture of somatic embryos for the production of high-value secondary metabolites
Bioactive compounds; Bioreactors; Elicitation; Scale-up process; Secondary metabolites; Somatic embryogenesis
Secondary metabolites from plants are ubiquitous and have applications in medicines, food additives, scents, colorants, and natural pesticides. Biotechnological production of secondary metabolites that have economic benefits is an attractive alternative to conventional methods. Cell, adventitious, and hairy root suspension cultures are typically used to produce secondary metabolites. According to recent studies, somatic embryos in suspension culture are useful tools for the generation of secondary metabolites. Somatic embryogenesis is a mode of regeneration in several plant species. This review provides an update on the use of somatic embryogenesis in the production of valuable secondary metabolites. The factors influencing the generation of secondary metabolites using somatic embryos in suspension cultures, elicitation methods, and prospective applications are also discussed in this review. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. 2023, Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society.
Murthy H.N.; Joseph K.S.; Hahn J.-E.; Lee H.-S.; Paek K.Y.; Park S.Y.
Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, Vol-29, No. 8, pp. 1153-1177.
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Hahn J.-E., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Lee H.-S., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Park S.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
Production of betalains in plant cell and organ cultures: a review
Betacyanins; Betalains; Betanin; Betaxanthin; Bioreactors; Cell cultures; Metabolic engineering; Secondary metabolites
Betalains are nitrogen-containing natural pigments that are water soluble and they comprise of the red-violet betacyanin and the yellow betaxanthin which are abundant in plants such as red/yellow beet, amaranth, prickly pear, pitaya, and others. They are widely used as food coloring agents for many centuries. Betalains are used in pharmaceuticals, functional foods, and cosmeceuticals, since they have tremendous potential to scavenge free radicals and prevent diseases, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, cancer, neurological disorders, and vascular stenosis. Betalains are proven to be toxicologically safe and have health benefits, they have been approved as food additives in the United States of America, and European countries. Although betalains can be found in natural resources, there are differences in their composition, amounts, and seasonality. For this reason, researchers have developed alternative methods of producing these valuable compounds using cell and organ culture techniques. In several plants, cell and organ cultures are established, and bioreactor technologies have been used to produce betalains on a wide scale. In this review, we discuss the varied biotechnological methods and approaches applied for the biosynthesis of betalains including metabolic engineering approaches. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.
Murthy H.N.; Joseph K.S.; Paek K.Y.; Park S.-Y.
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, Vol-158, No. 2
Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea, Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, India; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Park S.-Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
Anthocyanin Production from Plant Cell and Organ Cultures In Vitro
anthocyanins; colorants; elicitation; metabolic engineering; plant cell cultures; secondary metabolites
Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments found in plants. They exist in various colors, including red, purple, and blue, and are utilized as natural colorants in the food and cosmetics industries. The pharmaceutical industry uses anthocyanins as therapeutic compounds because they have several medicinal qualities, including anti-obesity, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective effects. Anthocyanins are conventionally procured from colored fruits and vegetables and are utilized in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. However, the composition and concentration of anthocyanins from natural sources vary quantitively and qualitatively; therefore, plant cell and organ cultures have been explored for many decades to understand the production of these valuable compounds. A great deal of research has been carried out on plant cell cultures using varied methods, such as the selection of suitable cell lines, medium optimization, optimization culture conditions, precursor feeding, and elicitation for the production of anthocyanin pigments. In addition, metabolic engineering technologies have been applied for the hyperaccumulation of these compounds in varied plants, including tobacco and arabidopsis. In this review, we describe various strategies applied in plant cell and organ cultures for the production of anthocyanins. 2023 by the authors.
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13010117 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85182177725&doi=10.3390%2fplants13010117&partnerID=40&md5=26314728f6c1b7245cf605bb45ff8360
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Park S.-Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
Light as an elicitor for enhanced production of secondary metabolites in plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures
Cell culture; Cryptochromes; Elicitor; Fluorescent light; Light emitting diodes; Photoreceptors; Phytochromes; Ultraviolet light
Currently, in vitro cell, tissue, and organ cultures are used to produce plant secondary metabolites that are used as natural coloring agents, nutraceuticals, and medications. Various strategies have been applied for the hyperaccumulation of biomass and bioactive secondary compounds in vitro. The elicitation of cultured cells and organs with biotic and abiotic elicitors is an excellent strategy that has yielded promising results. Among various abiotic elicitors, light parameters such as light quality, intensity, and photoperiod have evolved as biotechnological tools to elicit cultures. Of the various light sources tested, ultraviolet (UV) lights, particularly UV-B, red, blue, and a mixture of light emitted by fluorescent light or light-emitting diodes, have yielded outstanding results and boosted the accumulation of bioactive compounds in cultured cells and organs. The objective of the current study was to evaluate light as an elicitor source and summarize the advantages and limitations of various light sources as elicitors for the bioaccumulation of secondary metabolites in vitro. The mechanism of the elicitation of secondary metabolism by UV and spectral light is discussed in this review. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.
Murthy H.N.; Joseph K.S.; Paek K.Y.; Park S.Y.
Plant Growth Regulation, Vol-104, No. 1, pp. 31-49.
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea, Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, India; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Park S.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
Nanomaterials as novel elicitors of pharmacologically active plant specialized metabolites in cell and organ cultures: current status and future outlooks
Cell cultures; Elicitor; Nanomaterials; Organ cultures
Specialized plant metabolites, such as phenolics, terpenes, terpenoids, nitrogen-containing compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds, are commercially valuable owing to their wide array of applications in the medical, pharmacological, cosmetic, agriculture, and food industries. Procuring valuable specialized metabolites from wild or cultivated plants is desirable; however, the concentrations and quality of secondary compounds vary between samples. Therefore, plant cells and organ cultures have been selected as viable alternatives for producing specialized metabolites. Elicitation is a strategy used to enhance the accumulation of specialized compounds in cell and organ cultures. Different biotic substances, including signaling chemicals such as salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate, elements of plant cell walls (cellulose and pectin), polysaccharides from microbes (chitin and glucan), and abiotic substances such as inorganic salts, heavy metals, UV radiation, and high salinity, have been successfully tested and used as elicitors for the hyperaccumulation of bioactive substances in cell and organ cultures. Recently, metals, metal oxide nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanomaterials have been used as unique elicitors to boost the synthesis of bioactive compounds in cell and organ cultures. The applications and usage of nanoparticles as elicitors in plant cell and organ cultures are summarized in this review. The mechanism of elicitation, toxicity, benefits, and drawbacks of using nanoparticles in plant cell and organ cultures are discussed. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.) The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2023.
Plant Growth Regulation, Vol-104, No. 1, pp. 5-30.
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea; Park S.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
Production of specialized metabolites in plant cell and organo-cultures: the role of gamma radiation in eliciting secondary metabolism
Elicitation; gamma rays; ionizing radiation; mutants; reactive oxygen species; secondary metabolites
Purpose: To provide an updated summary of recent advances in the application of gamma irradiation to elicit secondary metabolism and for induction of mutations in plant cell and organ cultures for the production of industrially important specialized metabolites (SMs). Conclusions: Research on the application of gamma radiation with plants has contributed a lot to microbial decontamination of seeds, and the promotion of physiological processes such as seed germination, seedling vigor, plant growth, and development. Various studies have demonstrated the influence of gamma rays on the morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of plants. Recent research efforts have also shown that low-dose gamma (5100 Gy) irradiation can be utilized as an expedient solution to alleviate the deleterious effect of abiotic stresses and to obtain better yields of plants. Inducing mutagenesis using gamma irradiation has also evolved as a better option for inducing genetic variability in crops, vegetables, medicinal and ornamentals for their genetic improvement. Plant SMs are gaining increasing importance as pharmaceutical, therapeutic, cosmetic, and agricultural products. Plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures represent an attractive alternative to conventional methods of procuring useful SMs. Among the varied approaches the elicitor-induced in vitro culture techniques are considered an efficient tool for studying and improving the production of SMs. This review focuses on the utilization of low-dose gamma irradiation in the production of high-value SMs such as phenolics, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Furthermore, we present varied successful examples of gamma-ray-induced mutations in the production of SMs. Copyright 2024 Taylor & Francis Group LLC.
International Journal of Radiation Biology, Vol-100, No. 5, pp. 678-688.
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
ISSN: 9553002; PubMed ID: 38451191; CODEN: IJRBA
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India; Paek K.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea; Park S.Y., Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
Production of biomass and bioactive compounds from cell and organ cultures of ginseng, He-shou-wu, purple coneflower, and St. John's wort for the use in cosmetic industry
Bioactive compounds; Bioreactors; Cosmeceuticals; Cosmetics; Scale-up process
Plants and their products have been utilized as raw materials in the preparation of cosmetics for millennia. Currently, research is being done to find new plant materials that may be used as ingredients in cosmetic preparations, including body sprays, shampoos, conditioners, hair dyes/sprays, and other cosmetics. The plants that are used in the preparation of cosmetic products are usually procured from nature, however, the quality and quantity of bioactive ingredients present in the biomass vary based on the species, environment, and geographical locations from where the material has been procured. In addition, procurement of plant material from natural resources may lead to a shortage of material and even endanger the status of rare plants in the natural environment. Therefore, there is increased interest in the use of plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures (PCTOC) for the production of raw materials and bioactive specialized metabolites. There is also scope for increasing the accumulation of biomass and bioactive compounds in PCTOC by adopting various strategies such as optimization of culture medium, culture environment, elicitation, and other bioprocess methods. Furthermore, PCTOC-produced raw materials are free from contaminants, pesticides, and heavy metals and an important benefit of producing biomass in vitro is that it is easily accepted by regulatory authorities and consumers. In the current review, we describe the bioactive compounds of ginseng, purple coneflower, He-shou-wu, and St. John's wort which have cosmetological importance. Additionally, we elucidate the PCTOC method adopted for the production of biomass and bioactive compounds in these plants. 2023 SAAB
South African Journal of Botany, Vol-164, pp. 334-344.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2023.12.007 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85179604803&doi=10.1016%2fj.sajb.2023.12.007&partnerID=40&md5=89c875025069a3ec0473c4cf79219f6a
Bioreactor configurations for adventitious root culture: recent advances toward the commercial production of specialized metabolites
Adventitious roots; airlift bioreactors; bubble column bioreactors; cell cultures; organ cultures; scale-up process; specialized metabolites; stirred tank bioreactors
In vitro plant cell and organ cultures are appealing alternatives to traditional methods of producing valuable specialized metabolites for use as: pharmaceuticals, food additives, cosmetics, perfumes, and agricultural chemicals. Cell cultures have been adopted for the production of specialized metabolites in certain plants. However, in certain other systems, adventitious roots are superior to cell suspension cultures as they are organized structures that accumulate high levels of specialized metabolites. The cultivation of adventitious roots has been investigated in various bioreactor systems, including: mechanically agitated, pneumatically agitated, and modified bioreactors. The main relevance and importance of this work are to develop a long-lasting industrial biotechnological technology as well as to improve the synthesis of these metabolites from the plant in vitro systems. These challenges are exacerbated by: the peculiarities of plant cell metabolism, the complexity of specialized metabolite pathways, the proper selection of bioreactor systems, and bioprocess optimization. This reviews major objective is to analyze several bioreactor types for the development of adventitious roots, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each type of bioreactor, and to describe the strategies used to increase the synthesis of specialized metabolites. This review also emphasizes current advancements in the field, and successful instances of scaled-up cultures and the generation of specialized metabolites for commercial purposes are also covered. 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, Vol-44, No. 5, pp. 837-859.
Bioreactor systems for micropropagation of plants: present scenario and future prospects
Bioreactor; embryogenesis; immersion culture; in vitro propagation; liquid culture; organogenesis; somatic embryo; temporary immersion culture
Plant micropropagation has been adapted in the fields of agriculture, horticulture, forestry, and other related fields for large-scale production of elite plants. The use of liquid media and adoption of bioreactors have escalated the production of healthy plants. Several liquid-phase, gas-phase, temporary immersion, and other modified bioreactors have been used for plant propagation. The design, principle, operational mode, merits, and demerits of various bioreactors used for the regeneration of propagules, such as bulblets, cormlets, rhizomes, microtubers, shoots (subsequent rooting), and somatic embryos, are discussed here. In addition, various parameters that affect plant regeneration are discussed with suitable examples. Copyright 2023 Murthy, Joseph, Paek and Park.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1159588 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85159874412&doi=10.3389%2ffpls.2023.1159588&partnerID=40&md5=523493a5f9cad3a8cac33f1359d9570b
Anthraquinone Production from Cell and Organ Cultures of Rubia Species: An Overview
alizarin; anthraquinones; bioreactors; cell cultures; dyes; purpurin; secondary metabolites
The Rubia genus includes major groups of medicinal plants such as Rubia cordifolia, Rubia tinctorum, and Rubia akane. They contain anthraquinones (AQs), particularly alizarin and purpurin, which have pharmacological effects that are anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, hemostatic, antibacterial, and more. Alizarin and purpurin have been utilized as natural dyes for cotton, silk, and wool fabrics since the dawn of time. These substances have been used in the cosmetics and food industries to color products. The amount of AQs in different Rubia species is minimal. In order to produce these compounds, researchers have established cell and organ cultures. Investigations have been conducted into numerous chemical and physical parameters that affect the biomass and accumulation of secondary metabolites in a cell, callus, hairy root, and adventitious root suspension cultures. This article offers numerous techniques and approaches used to produce biomass and secondary metabolites from the Rubia species. Additionally, it has been emphasized that cells can be grown in bioreactor cultures to produce AQs. 2022 by the authors.
https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13010039 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85146766097&doi=10.3390%2fmetabo13010039&partnerID=40&md5=aebd23b5a2eee79d12132e17a29aa7fd
Production of anthraquinones from cell and organ cultures of Morinda species
Anthraquinones; Bioreactors; Biotechnological approaches; Noni; Phytochemicals
Abstract: Since ancient times, Morinda species, particularly Morinda citrifolia, have been used for their therapeutic benefits. Iridoids, anthraquinones, coumarins, flavonoids, lignans, phytosterols, and carotenoids are examples of natural substances with bioactivity. Anthraquinone derivatives are the most significant of these chemicals since they are utilized as natural coloring agents and have a wide range of medicinal functions. Utilizing cell and organ cultures of Morinda species, various biotechnological methods have been developed for the bioproduction of anthraquinone derivatives. The generation of anthraquinone derivatives in cell and organ cultures is summarized in this article. The methods used to produce these chemicals in bioreactor cultures have also been examined. Key points: This review investigates the potential of cell and organ cultures for anthraquinone synthesis. The overproduction of anthraquinones has been addressed using a variety of techniques. The use of bioreactor technologies for anthraquinone manufacturing is highlighted. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol-107, No. 45876, pp. 2061-2071.
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Nutritional Value, Fatty Acid and Phytochemical Composition, and Antioxidant Properties of Mysore Fig (Ficus drupacea Thunb.) Fruits
antioxidant activity; Ficus drupacea; minerals; mysore fig; nutrients; proximate analysis
Ficus drupacea is a fruit-bearing tree that is distributed in Southeast Asia and Australia. The objective of this research was to ascertain the following with regard to ripened fruits: (i) their nutritional value, (ii) their mineral status, (iii) the fatty acid composition of fruit and seed oil, (iv) their phytochemical makeup, and (v) their antioxidant properties. The ripened fruits contained 3.21%, 3.25%, 0.92%, 1.47%, and 2.20% carbohydrate, protein, fat, ash, and fiber, respectively. Fruits had an energy content of 30.18 kcal/100 g. In terms of mineral content, the fruit was rich in potassium, magnesium, calcium, and nitrogen, with values of 21.03, 13.24, 11.07, and 4.13 mg/g DW. Iron, zinc, manganese, and boron had values of 686.67, 124.33, 114.40, and 35.78 g/g DW, respectively. The contents of oxalate and phytate were 14.44 and 2.8 mg/g FW, respectively. The fruit and seed oil content were 0.67 and 8.07%, respectively, and the oils physicochemical properties were comparable to those of fig fruit and seed oils. Omega-3 (?-linolenic acid), omega-6 (linoleic acid), and omega-9 (oleic acid) fatty acids were abundant in the oils. Fruit extracts in acetone, methanol, and water have greater concentrations of phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, total antioxidant activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays demonstrated increased antioxidant activities in close correlation with the higher concentrations of phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The results of this study demonstrate that the fruits of F. drupacea are a strong source of nutrients and phytochemicals, and they merit more investigation and thought for possible uses. 2024 by the authors.
Murthy H.N.; Yadav G.G.; Joseph K.S.; H. S S.K.; Magi S.M.; Dewir Y.H.; Mendler-Drienyovszki N.
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13172845 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85204146962&doi=10.3390%2ffoods13172845&partnerID=40&md5=489e12b7330d25e25a8955851e549062
Murthy H.N., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India, Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, India; Yadav G.G., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India; Joseph K.S., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India; H. S S.K., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India; Magi S.M., Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India; Dewir Y.H., Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Mendler-Drienyovszki N., Research Institute of Nyegyha, Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm (IAREF), University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 12, Nyegyha, 4400, Hungary
JUDE: An Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope pipeline
Astronomical software; Data analysis; Ultraviolet; UVIT
The Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) was launched as part of the multi-wavelength Indian AstroSat mission on 28 September, 2015 into a low Earth orbit. A 6-month performance verification (PV) phase ended in March 2016, and the instrument is now in the general observing phase. UVIT operates in three channels: visible, near-ultraviolet (NUV) and far-ultraviolet (FUV), each with a choice of broad and narrow band filters, and has NUV and FUV gratings for low-resolution spectroscopy. We have written a software package (JUDE) to convert the Level 1 data from UVIT into scientifically useful photon lists and images. The routines are written in the GNU Data Language (GDL) and are compatible with the IDL software package. We use these programs in our own scientific work, and will continue to update the programs as we gain better understanding of the UVIT instrument and its performance. We have released JUDE under an Apache License. 2017 Elsevier B.V.
Murthy J.; Rahna P.T.; Sutaria F.; Safonova M.; Gudennavar S.B.; Bubbly S.G.
Astronomy and Computing, Vol-20, pp. 120-127.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ascom.2017.07.001 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85026775105&doi=10.1016%2fj.ascom.2017.07.001&partnerID=40&md5=60836e876133400b878c5bc5bc8aa5bd
Murthy J., Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru, India; Rahna P.T., Department of Physics, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Sutaria F., Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru, India; Safonova M., M.P.Birla Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, India; Gudennavar S.B., Department of Physics, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Bubbly S.G., Department of Physics, Christ University, Bengaluru, India
Inverse shearlet transform; Magnetic resonance imaging; Medical image fusion; Positron emission tomography; Shearlet transform; Singular value decomposition
The process of uniting medical images which are taken from different types of images to make them as one image is a Medical Image Fusion. This is performed to increase the image information content and also to reduce the randomness and redundancy which is used for clinical applicability. In this paper a new method called Shearlet Transform (ST) is applied on image by using the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) to improve the information content of the images. Here two different images Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are taken for fusing. Initially the ST is applied on the two input images, then for low frequency coefficients the SVD method is applied for fusing purpose and for high frequency coefficients different method is applied. Then fuse the low and high frequency coefficients. Then the Inverse Shearlet Transform (IST) is applied to rebuild the fused image. To carry out the experiments three benchmark images are used and are compared with the progressive techniques. The results show that the proposed method exceeds many progressive techniques. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017.
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, Vol-516, pp. 69-79.
Murthy K.N.N., Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Kusuma J., Vemana IT, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Progress in psycho-oncology with special reference to developing countries
caregivers; palliative care; posttraumatic growth; prevalence; research; spirituality
Purpose of reviewPsycho-oncology has completed 25 years. There is growing recognition of the psychosocial needs of persons living with cancer and the role of sociocultural factors in addressing the needs. This review addresses the research in developing countries relating to distress associated with living with cancer and psychosocial care.Recent findingsThere is growing recognition of the emotional needs, understanding of the sociocultural aspects of the emotional responses of persons, caregivers, role of resilience and posttraumatic growth and spirituality in cancer care. Psychosocial aspects of cancer are largely influenced by social, economic, cultural, religious and health systems. A number of innovative approaches to care like use of yoga, financial and material support and involvement of caregivers have been implemented. A positive development is the increasing professional attention to document and develop innovative care programmes.SummaryA significant proportion of the general population are living with cancer. There are significant psychosocial needs largely influenced by social, economic, cultural, religious aspects of the communities. There are a wide range of interventions from self-care to professional care to address the needs. In developing countries, there is need for longitudinal studies of psycho-social experiences, develop interventions that are culturally appropriate, along with enhanced use of information technology along with evaluation of interventions. 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Vol-32, No. 5, pp. 442-450.
ISSN: 9517367; PubMed ID: 31373929; CODEN: COPPE
Murthy R.S., Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India; Alexander A., Division of Molecular Medicine, St John's Research Institute, Bengaluru, India, Department of Psychology, Christ (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, India
Effect of temperature modulation on Rayleigh-Benard convection in a rotating layer of a ferromagnetic fluid
The stability of a rotating horizontal layer of ferromagnetic fluid heated from below is examined when, in addition to a steady temperature difference between the walls of the layer, a time-dependent sinusoidal perturbation is applied to the wall temperatures. Only infinitesimal disturbances are considered. The effects of the oscillating temperature field are treated by a perturbation expansion in powers of the amplitude of the applied field. The onset criterion is derived when the condition for the principle of exchange of stabilities is valid. The shift in the critical Rayleigh number is calculated as a function of the frequency of modulation, magnetic parameters, Taylor number and Prandtl number. The effect of various parameters is found to be significant for moderate values of the frequency of modulation. It is shown that, when the thermal excitation is symmetric, supercritical motion is more pronounced for low Prandtl number ferro fluids. Further, for the case in which only the bottom wall temperature is modulated, the effect of rotation is to stabilize the system at low frequencies and the opposite is true for moderately large frequencies. The problem throws light on external means of controlling convection in ferromagnetic fluid applications.