Structural, optical, and electrochromic properties of RT and annealed sputtered tungsten trioxide (WO3) thin films for electrochromic applications by using GLAD technique
Tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films were prepared on the GLAD DC magnetron sputtering (GDMS) and substrate angles were varied from 70 to 80. The WO3 thin films were deposited at room temperature (RT) on corning glass (CG) and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), and substrates and annealed at 400C/2h. The XRD, UvVis spectrometer, and electrochemical analyzer were used to determine the structural, optical, and electrochromic (EC) properties. According to an XRD study, RT-deposited samples were amorphous, but annealed samples displayed crystalline structures. The optical transmittance of RT and annealed samples varied from 59 to 71% and 14 to 28% respectively. The colored/bleached ability of the cyclic voltammograms was RT samples shows greater than in annealed samples. Since the coloration ability and diffusion coefficient of WO3 RT samples show greater than annealed samples. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Kumar K.N.; Sattar S.A.; Ashok Reddy G.V.; Jafri R.I.; Premkumar R.; Meera M.R.; Ahamed A.A.; Muthukrishnan M.; Dhananjaya M.; Tighezza A.M.
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, Vol-34, No. 28
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11285-x https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85173629759&doi=10.1007%2fs10854-023-11285-x&partnerID=40&md5=8510d018de6c8ad560cba8eff3d9f138
Kumar K.N., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-Materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Sattar S.A., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Ashok Reddy G.V., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Jafri R.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Premkumar R., Department of Physics, N.M.S.S.V.N. College, Nagamalai, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, 625019, India; Meera M.R., Department of Physics, Sree Ayyappa College for Women, Chunkankadai, Tamil Nadu, Nagercoil, 629 003, India; Ahamed A.A., Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University Trichy, Tamil Nadu, Tiruchirappalli, 620020, India; Muthukrishnan M., Department of Physics, Sona College of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Salem, 636005, India; Dhananjaya M., School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyoungsan-si, 38541, South Korea; Tighezza A.M., Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
Effect of partial pressure of oxygen, target current, and annealing on DC sputtered tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films for electrochromic applications
EC properties; Optical transmittance; pO2; Sputtering; Target current; Temperature
Tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films were prepared on Corning (CG) and Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates at partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) 4 10?2 Pa and 8 10?2 Pa using DC magnetron sputtering (DCMs). In this work, we have varied the deposition parameters like pO2, target currents, and temperature. At pO2 4 10?2 Pa and 8 10?2 Pa samples were deposited at target currents of 50 mA and 100 mA, the maintained growth conditions are RT (substrate temperature 28 C), Pre annealed (substrate temperature 400 C), and Post annealed (annealing temperature 400 C). The samples were systematically characterized for vibrational, structural, optical, and Electrochromic (EC) properties by using Raman, XRD, Uv-Vis spectrometer, and Electrochemical analyzer respectively. XRD analysis reveals that RT-deposited samples show amorphous nature and pre & post-annealed samples show a crystalline nature for both pO2. Optical transmittance was higher at RT-deposited samples at 50 mA (94% & 92%) and lower at 100 mA (87% & 85%) at the wavelength of 600 nm for both pO2. From CV analysis higher cathodic peak current density was observed in RT-deposited samples at 50 mA (?6.49 mAcm?2 & -13.80 mAcm?2) and lower at 100 mA (?5.25 mAcm?2 & -12.88 mAcm?2) for both pO2. The diffusion coefficient was observed at a higher target current at 100 mA (1.06 10?7 cm2/s & 9.20 10?8 cm2/s). For annealed samples optical and EC properties were decreased for both pO2. 2023 Elsevier B.V.
Kumar K.N.; Sattar S.A.; Shaik H.; G V A.R.; Jafri R.I.; Dhananjaya M.; Pawar A.S.; Prakash N.G.; Premkumar R.; Ansar S.; Chandrashekar L.N.; Aishwarya P.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2023.116275 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85161348834&doi=10.1016%2fj.ssi.2023.116275&partnerID=40&md5=04927b73606be6e6392daa3bd05fa25b
Kumar K.N., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Sattar S.A., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Shaik H., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; G V A.R., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Jafri R.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Dhananjaya M., School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyoungsan-si, 38541, South Korea; Pawar A.S., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Department of VLSI Design, Manipal School of Information, Karnataka, Manipal, 576104, India; Prakash N.G., School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyoungsan-si, 38541, South Korea; Premkumar R., Department of Physics, N.M.S.S.V.N. College, Nagamalai, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, 625019, India; Ansar S., Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia; Chandrashekar L.N., Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Aishwarya P., Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India
Structural, optical and electrochromic properties of WAW films for profound electrochromic applications deposited by DC & RF magnetron sputtering
Electrochromism; Sputtering and colorationefficiency; Tungsten oxide (WO3); WO3/Ag/WO3 (WAW)
One of the most frequently used transition conducting oxides (TCO) is indium tin oxide. Indium is very expensive because of the lack of availability. So Most of the researchers focused on cost-effective materials and they have developed Dielectric/Metal/Dielectric (DMD) structures for ITO-free applications. Examples of dielectric materials are AZO, MoO3, TiO2, and WO3. The dielectric material is sandwiched between metals such as Au, Ag, Pt, Cu, and Al. The efficacy of these DMD structures is purely based on the thickness of the dielectric and metal layers. Once the metal layer thickness is more than 15 nm, the transmittance is much less due to the thickness of the material and it will work as a reflector. Moreover, as WO3 is the most widely and frequently used material we focus on the fabrication of WO3/Ag/WO3 (WAW) for replacing TCO in the electrochromic device and making it indium-free. WAW structures are widely used in smart windows, gas sensors, solar cells, photodetectors, etc. For electrochromic applications, these WAW structures showed good transmittance, fast switching speed, best coloration efficiency, and best optical modulation in comparison to WO3/ITO structure and are also cost-effective. 2024 The Author(s)
Kumar K.N.; Shaik H.; Sattar S.A.; V A.R.G.; Mangiri R.; Jafri R.I.; Premkumar R.; Govindharaju R.; Juliet B.M.; Ansar S.
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chphi.2024.100566 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85188003026&doi=10.1016%2fj.chphi.2024.100566&partnerID=40&md5=610b1927774e9f0b63f50e99a3b1c504
Kumar K.N., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Shaik H., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Sattar S.A., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; V A.R.G., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Mangiri R., Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Jafri R.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Premkumar R., Department of Physics, N.M.S.S.V.N. College, Nagamalai, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, 625019, India; Govindharaju R., Department of Chemistry, Thanthai Hans Roever College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli), Tamil Nadu, Perambalur, 621 220, India; Juliet B.M., Department of Chemistry, Thanthai Hans Roever College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli), Tamil Nadu, Perambalur, 621 220, India; Ansar S., Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
Secure provenance-based communication using visual encryption
Communication; Cyber security; Data provenance; Shares; Visual cryptography
Explicit specification of the historical record of an instance or a data item is called data provenance. It has many applications in various fields with regards to its importance on capturing data flow mechanisms. However, on the other hand, there are good number of security mechanisms in place to withstand the cyber-attacks. Almost all of these algorithms uses complex mathematical calculations in providing security for the systems. Visual cryptography is a peculiar approach which uses concept of secret sharing by dividing the message into transparencies as encryption process. Upon superimposing transparencies one obtains the original message. In this paper, we propose secret sharing as a notion of security onto data provenance. Main inference of this writing is to throw a model combining above two mentioned aspects which gives away an indigenous solution in the area of information security. This proposed model is implemented with specific use case scenarios for substantiation and related analysis. Simulated results and discussion of the same is presented in the paper. 2019 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
International Journal of Innovative Computing and Applications, Vol-10, No. 45750, pp. 194-206.
https://doi.org/10.1504/IJICA.2019.103294 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85074542170&doi=10.1504%2fIJICA.2019.103294&partnerID=40&md5=bba896243b58590df1dbd8b236a6ad7b
Kumar K.P., Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India, Electrical and Electronics Engineering and Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India; Cherukuri R.C., Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India, Electrical and Electronics Engineering and Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, 560074, India
Securing Provenance Data with Secret Sharing Mechanism: Model Perspective
Data Lineage; Provenance; Secret Sharing; Shares; Visual Encryption
Elicitation about the genesis of an entity is referred to as provenance. With regards to data objects and their relationships the same is termed as data provenance. In majority of the instances, provenance data is sensitive and a small variation or adjustment leads to change in the entire chain of the data connected. This genesis needed to be secured and access is granted for authorized party. Individual control in preserving the privacy of data is common scenario and there are a good number of approaches with respect to cryptography. We propose a unique model, wherein the control of the data is available with multiple bodies however not with one; and when an access has to be granted for a genuine purpose, all the bodies holding their share will have to agree on a common platform. Combining these shares in a peculiar pattern allows the grant for accessing data. The method of allocating control to multiple bodies and allowing grant based on combining stakes is called as secret sharing mechanism. Division of the shares can be drawn from visual encryption approach. It provides transparencies for a given input message. This paper throws light on a framework associated to securing provenance via secret sharing security notion. 2019 IEEE.
2019 International Conference on Data Science and Communication, IconDSC 2019
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
https://doi.org/10.1109/IconDSC.2019.8816978 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85072786138&doi=10.1109%2fIconDSC.2019.8816978&partnerID=40&md5=a532be6e7642d08d59c39016a7a51ad9
Kumar K.P., Computer Science and Engineering, CHRIST, Deemed to be University, Bangalore, India; Cherukuri R.C., Electronics and Communication Engineering, Nova College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
The secured data provenance: Background and application oriented analysis
Cyber security; Provenance; Security; Visual encryption
It is with the advancement of overwhelming wireless internet access in mobile environments, users and usage data has become huge and voluminous on regular basis. For instance, the financial transactions performed via online by users are unsecure and unauthenticated in many contexts. Methods and algorithms exist for secure data transmission over different channels, perhaps lacks to achieve high performance with respect to the basic goals of security; confidentiality, integrity, availability at a considerable level. The origin of the data i.e., by whom the original transaction thread have been started, is the critical question to be answered while finalizing with the financial transaction. This concept of 'history of data' have attained good attention by the researchers from many decades at different application domains and is named as Data Provenance. However, provenance with security has got a little progress with research in the recent times especially in cyber security. This study focuses on the security aspects of data provenance with a unique approach in cryptography. The blend of these two technologies could provide an indigenous solution for securing the provenance of the related data. 2016 IEEE.
2016 IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information and Communication Technology, RTEICT 2016 - Proceedings, pp. 1212-1216.
https://doi.org/10.1109/RTEICT.2016.7808024 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85015052674&doi=10.1109%2fRTEICT.2016.7808024&partnerID=40&md5=5168da07b9e3a54f85ce6fca6c76c7d8
Kumar K.P., Research Scholar Christ University Bangalore- 560029, India; Cherukuri R.C., Trinity Institute of Technology and Research, Bhopal, 462036, India
Agricultural Crop-Yield Prediction: Comparative Analysis Using Machine Learning Models
Machine learning (ML) is a crucial decision-support tool for predicting agricultural crop yields, enabling choices about which crops to grow and what to do while they are in the growing season. The research on agricultural production prediction has been supported by the application of several ML techniques. We employed a comparative analysis in this study to synthesize using three ML models, including linear regression, polynomial regression, and K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and extracted the results for the prediction of yield. Crop yield depends on a variety of aspects such as temperature, pesticide usage, rainfall, and even year due to changing climatic conditions. It is in our best interest to find out the crop yield based on these factors, as it will help in advancing the farming sector. These collected data have gone through preprocessing - i.e., cleaning, to ensure that no redundant or error data is used to train the ML models. Before we train the models, the dataset is divided into training and testing to provide the performance metrics of each model we use. The experimental results on predictions indicate KNN performs slightly better in comparison with linear regression and polynomial regression models. 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Kumar K.P.; Kumar S.B.; Gupta A.D.; Johnson K.; Michael M.M.
Data-Driven Farming: Harnessing the Power of AI and Machine Learning in Agriculture, pp. 158-177.
Kumar K.P., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, India; Kumar S.B., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, India; Gupta A.D., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, India; Johnson K., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, India; Michael M.M., CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, India
Blockchain Enabled Model for Minimizing Post Harvest Losses
Post-harvest loss (PHL) leads to both decline in quantity and quality of food processing output from harvest to consumption. They can be caused by a wide range of circumstances, from growth conditions to retail handling. As storage loss is considered one among the detrimental factors, in this study, 25 data units were collected from a cold storage facility to analyze and focus specifically on post-harvest losses of vegetables. Various data analysis was carried out using SPSS tool. It was found that majority of losses were due to pest infection, weight losses due to climatic conditions, and transportation losses. On the other hand, block chain being a trend setter in the recent technology evolution which is providing fruitful outcomes in all the integrated fields, we have chosen the same for obtaining a better solution for the afore mentioned problem. Integrating blockchain technology into the structure can significantly reduce storage losses and support producer-consumer lines. The Electrochemical Society
Kumar K.P.; Murthy H.; Pillai V.J.; Pratap B.R.
ECS Transactions, Vol-107, No. 1, pp. 17475-17482.
https://doi.org/10.1149/10701.17475ecst https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85130535113&doi=10.1149%2f10701.17475ecst&partnerID=40&md5=d22e8c8e7cf3543f4dabf5ae514c6049
Kumar K.P., Department of Computer Science and Engineering; Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, 560074, India; Pillai V.J., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Kengeri Campus, Bangalore, 560074, India; Pratap B.R., Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Data Analysis and Machine Learning Observation on Production Losses in the Food Processing Industry
Dairy Products; Data Analysis; Machine Learning; Production Loss; Total Productive Maintenance
Food wastage and capturing lineage from production to consumption is a bigger concern. Yielding, storage and transportation areas have evolved to a great extent associated to manufacturing and automation which lead to technical advancements in food processing industry. In such situation, losses are generally observed in the crop production which are sometimes minimal and ignored. However, in some cases these losses are huge and are becoming a threat to the both producers and consumers. Here we considered data related to dairy products and analysed the production losses especially while processing them in the treating unit. Literature on parameters and associated data analysis in the form of graphical representation are provided in the appropriate sections of the paper. Linear regression and correlation were envisaged in view of incorporating machine learning techniques understanding production losses. Karl Pearson's correlation provides an observation related to association of parameters which are desired to be less coupled in terms of employing proposed newer methodology. 2023 IEEE.
Kumar K.P.; Murthy H.; Pillai V.J.; Prathap B.R.; Moses M.; Urs Y.
Proceedings of IEEE InC4 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Communications
Kumar K.P., CHRIST Deemed to Be University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India; Murthy H., CHRIST Deemed to Be University, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India; Pillai V.J., CHRIST Deemed to Be University, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India; Prathap B.R., CHRIST Deemed to Be University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India; Moses M., CHRIST Deemed to Be University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India; Urs Y., CHRIST Deemed to Be University, Department of Civil Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Human AI: Explainable and responsible models in computer vision
Computer vision and image processing; Explainable AI; Ontology; Responsible AI; Unobtrusive student engagement analysis
Artificial intelligence (AI) is being used in all areas of information, research, and technology. Allied parts of AI have to be investigated for understanding the association among them. Human and explainable AI (XAI) are a few examples that can help in the development of understandable systems. Posthoc actions and operations are geared toward explainable AI, which investigates what went wrong in a black box setting. Responsible AI, on the other hand, seeks to avoid such blunders in the first ring. Ontology is defined as the study of existence and has several applications in computer science, specifically in platforms such as Resource Description Framework and Web Ontology Language. In this chapter, we examine both parts of the aforementioned AI and attempt to establish a link between ontology and explainable AI as they complement each other in terms of creating trustworthy systems. As part of the chapter, an applicable literature is also brought in, emphasizing the necessity of current understanding in explainable and responsible AI. For illustrating the lineage of input and output operations in relation to ontology characteristics and AI, a scenario of AI implementation using image processing dataset is studied. Classroom learning is an integral element of every student's daily life. Assessing the interest levels of individual pupils would help in enhancing the process of teaching and learning. This work contributes to the process of explainable AI by eliciting algorithms that can extract faces from frames, recognize emotions, conduct studies on engagement levels, and provide a session-wide analysis. Detailed descriptions of these operations, as well as specific parameters, are provided to relate the theme of work. We feel that this collaboration between ontology and explainable AI is unique in that it acts as a springboard for future study in these domains. 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Kumar K.P.; Thiruthuvanathan M.M.; K.K. S.; Chandra D.R.
Emotional AI and Human-AI Interactions in Social Networking, pp. 237-254.
Kumar K.P., Department of Computer Science Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST University, Kengeri Campus, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Thiruthuvanathan M.M., Department of Computer Science Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST University, Kengeri Campus, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; K.K. S., Department of Computer Science Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST University, Kengeri Campus, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Chandra D.R., Department of Computer Science Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, CHRIST University, Kengeri Campus, Karnataka, Bangalore, India
Data Engineering and Data Science: Concepts and Applications
DATA ENGINEERING and DATA SCIENCE Written and edited by one of the most prolific and well-known experts in the field and his team, this exciting new volume is the one-stop shop for the concepts and applications of data science and engineering for data scientists across many industries. The field of data science is incredibly broad, encompassing everything from cleaning data to deploying predictive models. However, it is rare for any single data scientist to be working across the spectrum day to day. Data scientists usually focus on a few areas and are complemented by a team of other scientists and analysts. Data engineering is also a broad field, but any individual data engineer doesnt need to know the whole spectrum of skills. Data engineering is the aspect of data science that focuses on practical applications of data collection and analysis. For all the work that data scientists do to answer questions using large sets of information, there have to be mechanisms for collecting and validating that information. In this exciting new volume, the team of editors and contributors sketch the broad outlines of data engineering, then walk through more specific descriptions that illustrate specific data engineering roles. Data-driven discovery is revolutionizing the modeling, prediction, and control of complex systems. This book brings together machine learning, engineering mathematics, and mathematical physics to integrate modeling and control of dynamical systems with modern methods in data science. It highlights many of the recent advances in scientific computing that enable data-driven methods to be applied to a diverse range of complex systems, such as turbulence, the brain, climate, epidemiology, finance, robotics, and autonomy. Whether for the veteran engineer or scientist working in the field or laboratory, or the student or academic, this is a must-have for any library. 2023 Scrivener Publishing LLC.
Kumar K.P.; Unal A.; Pillai V.J.; Murthy H.; Niranjanamurthy M.
Data Engineering and Data Science: Concepts and Applications, pp. 1-445.
Kumar K.P., Department of CSE, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Unal A., Stanford University, United States; Pillai V.J., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India; Murthy H., Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India; Niranjanamurthy M., Department of Computer Applications, BMS Institute of Technology and Management, Bangalore, India
A real time fog computing applications their privacy issues and solutions
Edge Computing; privacy; robustness; security
Edge Computing (EC) has brought cloud technology to the channel's edge. It inherits some qualities from cloud services, but it also has some distinctive features such as geo-distribution, network connectivity, and reduced power. Along with the genetic inheritance, it also acquires the issues and concerns cloud computing services, such as renewable energy and resource allocation. This work provides a critical analysis of the fog architectural design in terms of security. Since 2018, the state of the artwork has been critically analyzed in terms of security mechanisms and security threats. The existing security methods are classified based on the security objectives they achieved. It would provide a complete and coherent difference between both the security areas investigated and those that have not. 2021 IEEE.
Kumar K.S.; Vatambeti R.; Krishna K.V.; Narender M.; Saikumar K.
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology, ICECA 2021, pp. 740-747.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECA52323.2021.9675956 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125388718&doi=10.1109%2fICECA52323.2021.9675956&partnerID=40&md5=f5efa258e885d9583d8ad02cdf5df508
Kumar K.S., SR University, School of Computer Science Artificial Intelligence, Telangana, Warangal, India; Vatambeti R., CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Computer Science and Engineering, Bengaluru, India; Krishna K.V., Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Dept of AIandDS, green fields, vaddeswaram, Guntur, 522502, India; Narender M., CSE Jayamukhi Institute of Technological Sciences, Telangana, Warangal, India; Saikumar K., Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, India
Experimental investigation of Glass Laminate Aluminium Reinforced Epoxy characteristics influences through low velocity impact test
drop weight test; GLARE; low-velocity impact; SEM
The fibre being one of the recently implemented advanced materials in distinctive applications is being reinforced with metals to constitute a unique composite laminate. This reinforcement will enhance the sustenance property of the laminate used in automotive sectors. In most automotive sectors, drop weight analysis at varying velocity ranges is performed to evaluate the damage characteristics of the vehicle body. Hence, the present work leads us through the study on influence of low-velocity impact at varying heights over the Glass Laminate Aluminium-Reinforced Epoxy (GLARE) laminate characteristics. Here, the laminate of constant thickness was subjected to drop weight impact. Three distinct thicknesses of (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mm) Al-2024 T3 aluminium alloy were used. The results indicate that laminate can sustain up to critical load in terms of impact velocity as 3.13 m/s, and beyond which, it leads to delamination damage at 3.49 m/s. The above results indicate that the maximum absorbed energy by the laminate before catastrophic failure (crack) was noticed to be 14.43 J in the case of sample B. Further, it is noticed that GLARE laminate with 0.3 mm face sheet thickness has best results with reference to both absorbed energy and damage when compared with other thicknesses. 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, Vol-9, No. 2, pp. 689-701.
Kumar M H., Department of Automobile Engineering, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, India; Mathivanan N.R., Department of Mechanical Engineering, PES University, Bangalore, India
Low-Velocity Impact Characteristics of GLARE Laminates with Different Sheet Thickness
Absorbed energy; Cracks; Delamination; GLARE; Low-velocity impact; SEM
Fiber reinforcement with metallic face sheets is one of the recently implemented advanced materials in distinctive applications such as fender, bonnet, and chassis used in automotive sectors. While the reinforcement enhances the sustenance property of the laminate, the face sheets provide resistance to impact force. In most automotive sectors, drop-weight analysis at varying velocity range is performed to evaluate the damage characteristics of the vehicle body. The present work is aimed at studying the influence of low-velocity impact (LVI) on glass laminate aluminum-reinforced epoxy (GLARE) laminate. Three distinct thicknesses of Al-2024 T3 aluminum alloy (0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm) were chosen as the face sheet, the overall thickness was kept at 2.0 mm for all the cases. Absorbed energy and damage characteristics of GLARE for different energy was experimentally determined using drop-weight impact tester. From the results, it was found that GLARE laminate can sustain a maximum impact energy of around 20 J, beyond which damage in the form of cracks begin to occur at bottom face sheet also. It was also evident that laminate can sustain impact at a velocity of 3.13 m/s and beyond which it leads to delamination damage at 3.49 m/s. Further, it is noticed that GLARE laminate with 0.3 mm face sheet thickness has best results with reference to both absorbed energy and damage when compared with other thicknesses. Also, the sample B indicates the optimal surface texture when subjected to LVI damage obtained through scanning electron microscope (SEM). 2021 SAE International.
https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-5027 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85129334009&doi=10.4271%2f2022-01-5027&partnerID=40&md5=d34d579c5d5e65790943fee4cd24ada5
Kumar M H., Christ University, India; Mathivanan N.R., PES University, India
Dirty Tracks Across the Border: Global Operations of Extraction, Labour and Migration at a Railway Station on the BiharNepal Border
BiharNepal border; infrastructure and logistics; migration
This article is based on an ethnography of the railway siding at Raxaul Junction railway station, a town on the BiharNepal border, which finds itself at the intersection of a massive logistical exercise by China in the form of the Belt Road Initiative, counter-logistical apparatus building by India and incremental hardening of an otherwise open border by Nepal. The article will analyse in detail the intricate network of the labour market that operates at and through the railway siding. It will also trace the origins of commodities used in the cement factories in the industrial corridor of Nepal that are extracted from some of the most deprived regions of India at great human and social costs. Finally, I will describe some of the latest exercises in logistical operations such as containerisation, opening of a new land port, the Integrated Check Post in Raxaul and operationalisation of a new dedicated freight corridor from Vishakhapatnam port to Raxaul, which is reconfiguring the logistical arrangements away from Kolkata and Haldia port and their implications on labour and labour practices. The Raxaul railway siding will be, hence, studied on multiple scales: global, national and local. The article will also try to understand the transformation of this very peculiar border town located on a unique border. This transformation is creating new labour processes, migratory processes and networks, and new modes of production of workers subjectivities and resistance along the global logistical apparatus and supply chains. It will also open up the possibilities of thinking conceptually about South Asian Border Systems. 2024 South Asian University.
Society and Culture in South Asia, Vol-10, No. 2, pp. 214-231.
Kumar M., Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
Before the Gig Economy Tracing the Transformations in Delhis Taxi Industry
Studying Delhis radio taxi industry, this paper traces the transitional process of traditional taxi services in the capital to radio taxi services and finally to the current app-based taxi aggregators. The radio taxi companies ruptured old kinship ties and informal relations with a combination of technology, surveillance, and financea process app-based taxi aggregators have further refined. There is also an account of the labour struggles in the industry that preceded the advent of the platform economy. 2022 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved.
Economic and Political Weekly, Vol-57, No. 12, pp. 54-60.
Kumar M., Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India
The Un-Human Beings: The Denial of Muslim Migrants Bodies in India and Poland
India; islamophobia; migrant; nationalism; Poland; postcolonial; postsocialist; refugee
This essay traces the political and legal discourses around migrants and refugees in two distinct conditions: the postcolonial and the postsocialist of India and Poland, respectively. The two countries have recently turned to nationalist right-wing politics with an increasingly hostile focus on foreign Others, particularly Muslims. In the context of increased global surveillance and criminalization of Muslims, we show how the bodies of Muslim migrants are dehumanized and constructed as threats, denying their humanity in the process. We do this through the two cases of Ayub and Ameer, two Muslim men navigating their illegality in two different contexts in India and Poland. This essay is a contribution to the literature on postcolonial and postsocialist theories and critical debates about the possibilities of dialogue between postsocialist and postcolonial geographies. The examples we use demonstrate that the postcolonial and postsocialist nation-states respond to global phenomena such as migration and Islamophobia in ways that have discernible traces of their histories and are constituted distinctively from the western metropoles. 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Interventions, Vol-25, No. 4, pp. 413-430.
Kumar M., Department of English and Cultural Studies, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Narkowicz K., Department of Criminology and Sociology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom
Role of ICT in harnessing poverty reduction: An empirical study using an ARDL approach
The catalytic role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in poverty reduction has been examined in this chapter, in line with the United Nation's first Sustainable Development Goal (SDG-1). This study focuses on the impact of ICT variables such as individuals using the internet, population covered by a mobile-cellular network, mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions, and international bandwidth usage, on poverty alleviation using relevant data covering countries worldwide from 2010 to 2022. Employing the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method, the study examines both short-run dynamics and long-run effects of ICT interventions towards achieving SDG-1. Results reveal a stronger relationship between internet usage and poverty reduction, alongside a counterintuitive finding showing a negative coefficient for international bandwidth usage. The findings of the study emphasize the pivotal role of internet usage and international bandwidth usage in poverty mitigation. Further, as evidenced by data findings, any immediate changes in the ICT indicators such as international bandwidth usage, population covered by a mobile network, mobile telephone subscriptions may not affect the poverty levels in the short term. The results of the study posit the policymakers to acknowledge the impact of internet usage in alleviating poverty among the world countries. The study reckons that improvement of internet infrastructure and enhancement of digital literacy initiatives via increased internet usage has the potential to harness poverty reduction. 2025 A. Jose Anand and Saravanan Krishnan. All rights reserved.
Kumar M.; Rena R.; Delina G.; Srinivasan P.
Smart Technologies for Sustainable Development Goals: No Poverty, pp. 52-69.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003519010-4 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85213117159&doi=10.1201%2f9781003519010-4&partnerID=40&md5=0e4fea847dcaecc8afba7ce0d2230f9d
Kumar M., School of Business and Management, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India; Rena R., DUT Business School, Faculty of Management Sciences, Durban University of Technology, South Africa; Delina G., Department of Business Administration, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education (Deemed to be University), Srivilliputhur, Tamil Nadu, India; Srinivasan P., School of Management, Presidency University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Graphene Nanotechnology for Renewable Energy Systems
Fuel cells; Graphene; Graphene oxide (GO); Metal oxide nanocomposites; Solar energy
The high degree of mechanical, electrical, and thermal conductivity of graphene enables its application in the renewable energy sector. Graphene plays a vital role in diodes, photovoltaic cells, supercapacitors, batteries, and full cells applications and it enhances the existing efficiency in a tremendous way. The addition of graphene can do tremendous effects on all kinds of inorganic and organic materials for solar cells. In the supercapacitor domain, graphene plays a vital role to provide a large surface which can be useful for energy storage applications. The hybrid supercapacitor and battery trends in research and technology have been discussed. The electrical vehicles and green applications need and accomplishments of graphene and its derivatives have also been described. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Kumar M.K., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Muthuvinayagam M., Department of Physical Sciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha University (SIMATS), Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600 077, India
Assessing the loyalty of shoppers of attire multi - Brand outlets: A research study
Attire; Loyal shoppers; Loyalty; MBOs; Preferred outlets
This study aimed to ascertain whether the loyal shoppers referred their loved ones, friends, relatives, peer groups, well wishers, etc. to their preferred MBOs for fulfilling their shopping requirements. The study was conducted with 400 respondents at Coimbatore city, India. The research is a descriptive one. The data was collected using the mall intercept survey method. The data was analyzed using frequency distribution, cross tabulation, reliability and validity test, chi-square test, correlation, and t - test. Majority of the respondents sustained with the same MBOs due to various reasons like wider designs, collections, and product quality. The study revealed that the shoppers of MBOs were loyal towards their stores because 38% of the respondents referred five to ten people and 38.5% brought two to four new customers to shop from their preferred MBOs. The above facts like customer referrals and frequent purchases were the components chosen for this study, which proved the loyalty of shoppers towards the multi-brand outlets.
Indian Journal of Marketing, Vol-47, No. 9, pp. 7-22.
Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
Kumar M.R., Institute of Management, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 029, India; Narayanan A.G.V., Faculty of Management Studies, EBET Group of Institutions, Kangayam, Tirupur (Dist), Tamil Nadu, 638 108, India