Simulation and fabrication of tungsten oxide thin films for electrochromic applications
Electrochromism; Nano-pillars; Simulation; Sputtering; Transmittance; Tungsten oxide (WO3)
Electrochromics is the emerging technology that is used in sunlight control window glazing for buildings, automobiles and it can also control indoor climate through smart windows. Electrochromism is the mutable change in optical properties of an electrochromic material caused by redox reactions due to the application of voltage. Easy intercalating the H + ions on a dense electrochromic material (WO3) is the most important parameter as far as the reaction kinetics is concerned. The goal of our work is to improve the electrochemical response of electrochromic material by constructing nano-pillars rather than using dense electrochromic materials. Electrochemical performance of both the dense (planar) and porus (nano pillars) structures were simulated and experimentally proved with a systematic discussion in the present work. It is proven and shown here the increase in the electrochemical kinetics through easy diffusion of ions into the nanostructured electrochromic material. 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Naveen Kumar K.; Nithya G.; Shaik H.; Hemanth B.; Chethana M.; Kishore K.; Madhavi V.; Jafri R.I.; Sattar S.A.; Gupta J.; Ashok Reddy G.V.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2022.413932 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85131403965&doi=10.1016%2fj.physb.2022.413932&partnerID=40&md5=6d063d5ed6065b062618d89a5dc05fef
Naveen Kumar K., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Nithya G., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Shaik H., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Hemanth B., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Chethana M., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Kishore K., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Madhavi V., Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India; Jafri R.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Sattar S.A., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Gupta J., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Ashok Reddy G.V., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Department of Physics, SJB Institute of Technology, Kengeri, Bengaluru, 560060, India
On ion transport during the electrochemical reaction on plane and GLAD deposited WO3 thin films
Coloration efficiency; Diffusion coefficient; GLAD; Plane; Sputtering; Tungsten Oxide (WO3)
Tungsten oxide thin films were deposited on FTO and Corning glass substrates on Plane and GLAD (75) using DC magnetron sputtering and characterized using SEM, XRD, UVVis spectrophotometer, and Electrochemical analyzer systematically. Further, a comparative analysis was carried out in which it was observed that the result of surface morphology for plane showed the denser and GLAD showed nanopillars deposition. The amorphous nature of the sample was evident from XRD analysis. Optical transmittance was between 87% and 81% for both plane and GLAD. The Electrochemical studies showed the diffusion coefficient of H+ ions are more compared to Li+ ions for both plane and GLAD and Coloration efficiency was calculated at the scan rates of 10, 30, and 50 mV/s at the wavelength of 500 to 600 nm. 2021
Naveen Kumar K.; Shaik H.; Chandrashekar L.N.; Aishwarya P.; Abdul Sattar S.; Nithya G.; Madhavi V.; Imran Jafri R.; Gupta J.; Ashok Reddy G.V.
Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol-59, pp. 275-282.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.11.113 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85131122384&doi=10.1016%2fj.matpr.2021.11.113&partnerID=40&md5=df5cfb8391c2b98425151c3bbd19d9b2
Naveen Kumar K., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Shaik H., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Chandrashekar L.N., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Aishwarya P., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Abdul Sattar S., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Nithya G., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Madhavi V., Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India; Imran Jafri R., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Gupta J., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Ashok Reddy G.V., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Department of Physics, SJB Institute of Technology, Kengeri, Bengaluru, 560060, India
Sputter deposited tungsten oxide thin films and nanopillars: Electrochromic perspective
Coloration efficiency; Glad; Partial pressures; Planar; Sputtering; Tungsten oxide (WO3)
Tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films and nano pillars were grown on FTO and corning substrates by using DC magnetron sputtering. Structural properties, surface morphology, optical properties, and electrochromic properties were systematically characterized by using SEM, XRD, UVVis Spectrometer, and Electrochemical Analyser respectively. Increased oxygen partial pressure resulted a rise in the optical transmittance from 72% to 89% at a wavelength of 600 nm. Moreover, coloration efficiency was also found to vary with partial pressures for both planar and glad from 30.48 cm2C-1 to 78.36 cm2C-1. We observe that glad deposited nano pillars showing higher coloration efficiency as compared to the planar thin film. The coloration efficiency found for the planar thin film and nano pillars at optimized partial pressure are 37.04 cm2C-1 and 78.36 cm2C-1 respectively. A strong influence of oxygen partial pressure and surface to volume ratio has been observed on the coloration efficiency, which can play a major role in the electrochromic application. 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Naveen Kumar K.; Shaik H.; Gupta J.; Sattar S.A.; Jafri R.I.; Pawar A.; Madhavi V.; G V A.R.; G N.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol-278
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2022.125706 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85122638192&doi=10.1016%2fj.matchemphys.2022.125706&partnerID=40&md5=09a748c8c40e2ec1b1a8bfc77ec3b189
Naveen Kumar K., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Center for Nanomaterials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Shaik H., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Center for Nanomaterials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Gupta J., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Center for Nanomaterials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Sattar S.A., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Jafri R.I., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Pawar A., Center for Nanomaterials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Madhavi V., Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India; G V A.R., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Department of Physics, SJB Institute of Technology, Kengeri, Bengaluru, 560060, Karnataka, India; G N., Center for Nanomaterials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India
Glancing angle sputter deposited tungsten trioxide (WO3) thin films for electrochromic applications
Coloration efficiency; Diffusion coefficient; Electrochromism; Glancing angle deposition; Transmittance; Tungsten oxide films
The columnar growth angle-dependent tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films were grown by using the Glancing angle sputter deposition (GLAD) technique with varying different substrate angles (00, 700, 750, and 800) on Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and Corning glass (CG) corning glass substrates at room temperature. The surface morphology, crystallographic structure, optical, and electrochemical properties were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UltravioletVisible(UVVis) spectrometer, and electrochemical analyzer, respectively. The structural properties reveal that the films are amorphous in nature. FE-SEM studies observed the columnar growth of the nano-rods and surface porosity. The optical transmittance of the deposited films was decreased from 83 to 78%, and the optical bandgap decreased from 3.08 to 2.88eV with increasing GLAD angle. The electrochemical studies reveal that the GLAD angle influenced the coloration efficiency (CE). The highest CE of 32cm2/C at 600nm and highest Diffusion coefficient (DC) of 6.529 109 cm2s?1 of the films was observed for the films deposited at an angle of 750. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.
Naveen Kumar K.; Shaik H.; Madhavi V.; Imran Jafri R.; Gupta J.; Nithya G.; Sattar S.A.; Ashok Reddy G.V.
Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing, Vol-128, No. 11
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Naveen Kumar K., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India, Center for Nanomaterials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India; Shaik H., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India, Center for Nanomaterials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India; Madhavi V., Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India; Imran Jafri R., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India; Gupta J., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India, Center for Nanomaterials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India; Nithya G., Center for Nanomaterials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India, Department of ECE, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India; Sattar S.A., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India; Ashok Reddy G.V., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India, Department of Physics, SJB Institute of Technology, Kengeri, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560060, India
Effect of annealing and oxygen partial pressure on the RF sputtered WO3 thin films for electrochromic applications
Annealing; Partial pressures; RF magnetron sputtering; Transmittance; Tungsten oxide (WO3)
the electrochromic thin layer of Tungsten trioxide (WO3) was RF sputtered on FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) slide. In a reactive Ar + O2 gas environment with varying oxygen partial pressures, the deposition continued. The samples were air annealed at 400 C for 2 h after being deposited at room temperature. SEM, XRD, UVVisible spectrometer, and electrochemical analyzer characterization methods were employed to analyze the surface, structural morphology, optical, and electrochromic behaviour of the deposited material after annealing. The Optical Bandgap and Transmittance were found to be of a higher value for air annealed samples than RT deposited samples because RT deposited samples are amorphous whereas air annealed samples exhibit crystalline nature with Oxidation, reduction peak currents variation with respect to the temperature. 2021
Naveen Kumar K.; Shaik H.; Pawar A.; Chandrashekar L.N.; Sattar S.A.; Nithya G.; Imran Jafri R.; Madhavi V.; Gupta J.; Ashok Reddy G.V.
Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol-59, pp. 339-344.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.11.185 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85122641951&doi=10.1016%2fj.matpr.2021.11.185&partnerID=40&md5=989dda4b46dfa7ad8be2903908b83126
Naveen Kumar K., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Shaik H., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Pawar A., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Chandrashekar L.N., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Sattar S.A., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Nithya G., Department of Electronics and Communication, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Centre for Nano-materials and MEMS, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Imran Jafri R., Department of Physics and Electronics, Christ University, Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Madhavi V., Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India; Gupta J., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India; Ashok Reddy G.V., Department of Physics, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, India, Department of Physics, SJB Institute of Technology, Kengeri, Bengaluru, 560060, India
Performance comparison of tree-based and neural network models for wear prediction in coated and uncoated Al6061
Aluminum alloys; Deep learning; Flyash; Machine learning; Neural network; Plasma coating
This study compares the performance of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models in predicting the dry sliding wear of uncoated Al6061, plasma-sprayed flyash-Al2O3 and flyash-SiC coatings. Ensemble models, including random forest (RF), XGBoost and LightGBM, along with neural network models such as multilayer perceptron (MLP) regressors, backpropagation neural networks (BPNN) and deep neural networks (DNN), were trained on experimental data that varied load, sliding speed and sliding distance. The dataset was scaled and split into training (80%) and testing (20%) subsets. Model performance was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE). ML regressors accurately predicted the properties of uncoated alloys, with R2 scores above 0.97, though their performance decreased on coated samples. RF experienced the largest decline in accuracy, particularly flyash-SiC (R2 = 0.736). Gradient boosting models exhibited improved robustness, with LightGBM achieving R2 values of 0.977, 0.936 and 0.794 for uncoated, flyash-Al2O3 and flyash-SiC samples, respectively. Neural networks outperformed tree-based methods for coated systems, with MLP and DNN attaining R2 values up to 0.992, alongside lower MAE and RMSE. SEM analysis corroborated the predictions, showing severe wear in uncoated alloys, minimal surface damage in flyash-Al2O3 coatings and cracking and delamination in flyash-SiC coatings. 2026 The Authors.
Naveena, B.E.; Santhosh, K.; Keshavamurthy, R.; Shrivathsa, T.V.; Ganesha, B.B.; Sahil; Mahesh, B.R.
Results in Surfaces and Interfaces;Volume;23;Issue;;Article No.;100788;
All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsurfi.2026.100788 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105033608245?origin=resultslist
Naveena B.E., Department of Automobile Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560078, India; Santhosh K., Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India; Keshavamurthy R., Department of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, CHRIST University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560074, India; Shrivathsa T.V., Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology & Management, Bantakal, Karnataka, 574115, India; Ganesha B.B., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Karnataka, Mysuru, 570002, India; Sahil, Department of Automobile Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560078, India; Mahesh B.R., Department of Automobile Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560078, India
Evolving Financial Services: Metaverse Banking as Catalysts for Financial Inclusion in the Virtual Business World
digital assets; digital currencies; financial inclusion; financial services; Metaverse banking; personalized financial services; virtual business
The Metaverse is an expansive digital universe that can redefine traditional businesses and financial services. It represents a transformative space where virtual worlds intersect with digital assets, offering novel opportunities for businesses to redefine financial services. Despite the rapid growth of digital financial services, financial exclusion remains a major challenge, with approximately 1.4 billion adults globally still unbanked. This study explores the role of Metaverse banking (MB) in financial inclusion, highlighting its opportunities and challenges. This study explores the emergence of MB as a catalyst for financial inclusion within the virtual business world. By integrating MB with financial inclusion theories, the paper presents a conceptual framework to analyze opportunities and risks in this domain. The findings provide practical insights for banks, policymakers, and fintech companies on leveraging MB for inclusive economic development. 2026 Vikas Tripathi and Durgesh Agnihotri.
Naveenan, R.V.; Panda, Brahmadev; Mittal, Shubham; Babu, Ravindras
Metaverse Dynamics: Exploring the Intersection of Technology, Business Transformation, and User Experience;pp.171-188
Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library
https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83662-666-420261010 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105029195625?origin=resultslist
Naveenan R.V., Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Panda B., Rajagiri Business School, Kochi, India; Mittal S., McKinsey and Company, Haryana, India; Babu R., Christ University, Bengaluru, India
Banking Dynamics and Economic Growth in India: Unveiling the Interplay of Key Performance Indicators
bank performance; dynamic interaction; economic output; vector autoregression
Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the influence of bank performance on economic growth. We proposed a framework of banking variables to gain a holistic picture. Design/Methodology/Approach: To identify the causal relationship, we ran cointegration tests and vector autoregression (VAR). In addition, we used the impulse response function test. This helped in analyzing the response of GDP growth to banking shocks. Findings: We identified that banking variables like domestic credit (DC), return on equity, and capital adequacy ratio can stimulate economic growth. Long-term and short-term influence of banking performance on economic growth. Improved performance of banks can translate to economic growth. Our results also indicated that well-capitalized banking, high return on equity, and increased credit access were critical drivers of GDP growth. Practical Implications: This research offered important insights into the role of banking performance in influencing economic growth. We recommended that policymakers implement measures to improve capital adequacy, enhance profitability, and increase credit flow for sustained economic success and development. Originality/Value: This study added to existing research by examining how banking performance influenced economic growth in a developing context. Unlike prior studies that focused mainly on advanced economies, our analysis centered on India, offering evidence from an emerging financial system and providing context-specific insights. 2025, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Indian Journal of Finance;Volume;19;Issue;11;pp.25-40
Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
https://doi.org/10.17010/ijf/2025/v19i11/174492 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105030700580?origin=resultslist
Naveenan R.V., School of Business and Management, Christ University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560 029, India; Viswanathan T., Prin. L. N. Welingkar Institute of Management Development and Research, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
Robotic engineering, with a focus on the combination of artificial intelligence (AI) together with robotics, computers, electronics, and mechanical systems, as well as control system implementations, allows for many inventions. Key applications of AI in mechatronics engineering practice will be advanced production, intelligent robotics, predictive maintenance, and design optimization control. Robotics engineers are able to incorporate AI into their systems such that data can be collected, analyzed, and modeled, then used to enhance the dependability, flexibility, as well as performance of the systems. This chapter researches the engineering integration of AI along with mechatronics and the industries it is disrupting. Moreover, it addresses the basic definition of AI and its main application areas within mechatronics and its prospects toward enabling enhanced control systems, predictive maintenance, design optimization, intelligent robotics, and improved production in any contemporary industry. Such systems may be developed by mechatronics engineers due to the enriched capabilities of AI in data analysis, recognition, and decision-making. This study also addresses the limits and moral issues to the ethics of combining artificial and human power and suggests ideal steps for more study and advancement in the areas outlined. 2026 selection and editorial matter, Pushpalatha Naveenkumar, Vandana Sharma, Gunapriya Devarajan, Azween Abdullah, and Ahmed A. Elngar.
Naveenkumar, Pushpalatha; Sharma, Vandana; Devarajan, Gunapriya
Handbook of AI-Based Mechatronics Systems and Smart Solutions in Industrial Automation;pp.1-20
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781032615790-1 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105017364844?origin=resultslist
Naveenkumar P., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India; Sharma V., Computer Science Department, Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Devarajan G., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, India
Factor Analysis for Portfolio Returns: Investigating How Macroeconomic Factors Impact the Performance of the equity Portfolio
Economic Indicators; equity portfolio; regression analysis
This paper investigates the complex relationship between macroeconomic factors and equity portfolio performance using regression analysis. In today's volatile financial environment, it emphasizes the importance of understanding how variables such as interest rates, inflation, money supply and GDP influence investment outcomes. Exact statistical techniques and historical data from a specific time period are used to uncover hidden factors affecting portfolio returns, with a particular focus on interest rates, inflation, money supply, and GDP. The goal of the research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these macroeconomic factors influence the equity investments. 2024 IEEE.
Nawani A.; Khanra P.; Dhalwani S.; Birari A.
TQCEBT 2024 - 2nd IEEE International Conference on Trends in Quantum Computing and Emerging Business Technologies 2024
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Nawani A., Christ University, India; Khanra P., Christ University, India; Dhalwani S., Christ University, India; Birari A., Christ University, India
Envisaging an Intelligent Blockchain Network by Intelligence Sharing
Blockchain; Machine Learning; Multi Layer Perceptron; Pre-trained Model; Weight matrices
Blockchain Technology is gaining popularity throughout various industry verticals due to its data decentralization and tamper-evident nature. Machine Learning (ML) is all about embedding a learning capability to computing machines so that the machine can learn based on historical data in a way how human beings learn things. An important part of ML is the process of learning which needs humongous processing capability and hence it is time-consuming. Significant benefits have been predicted from the integration of these two technologies. Making a complete blockchain network intelligent in a simple and efficient way is a major challenge. In this work, a Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) model is implanted in every node of the blockchain network. An efficient technique is proposed to make an intelligent blockchain network in minimum possible time and using minimum processing power. During the network formation, every node of the network has knowledge of the model architecture. At some point in time, the model of the randomly selected node gets trained. After completion of the training of that node, the intelligence is replicated to the entire network. 2022 IEEE.
Nayak A.; De S.; Bhattacharyya S.; Mukhopadhyay D.; Muhammad K.; Gorbachev S.
2022 International Conference for Advancement in Technology, ICONAT 2022
Nayak A., Alumnus Software Limited, Kolkata, India; De S., Cooch Behar Govt. Engineering College, Dept. of Computer Science Engineering, Cooch Behar, India; Bhattacharyya S., Rajnagar Mahavidyalaya, Birbhum, India; Mukhopadhyay D., CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangalore, India; Muhammad K., Sungkyunkwan University, Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Seoul, South Korea; Gorbachev S., National Research Tomsk State University, Department of Innovative Technologies, Tomsk, Russian Federation
A Low Voltage and Low Power Analog Multiplier
Analog Multipliers; flipped voltage follower; gilbert multiplier; low power; low voltage
In this research work, a low voltage analog multiplier has been realized through the utilization of a flipped voltage follower (FVF). The multiplier is characterized by its capacity to function at low power while exhibiting high gain. The exclusive use of transistors in its implementation renders it highly appropriate for fully integrated circuit applications. The multiplier has been developed using a supply voltage of 500 mV and an operating frequency of 25 KHz. The design consumes power of 8.23 uW. Moreover, a comparative study between the proposed multiplier and the conventional gilbert multiplier is presented in the paper. All simulations and layout designs have been conducted through the virtuoso analog design environment (ADE) of Cadence at 45 nm CMOS technology. 2023 IEEE.
Nayak A.G.; Bharath G.S.; Bhan I.; Mishra G.; Kumar V.
Proceedings of IEEE 2023 5th International Conference on Advances in Electronics, Computers and Communications, ICAECC 2023
Nayak A.G., BMS College of Engineering, Department of ECE, Bangalore, India; Bharath G.S., BMS College of Engineering, Department of ECE, Bangalore, India; Bhan I., BMS College of Engineering, Department of ECE, Bangalore, India; Mishra G., BMS College of Engineering, Department of ECE, Bangalore, India; Kumar V., Christ University, Department of ECE, Bangalore, India
Topic Modelling of ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine
LDA; Russia; Topic; Topic modelling; Ukraine
Online news sites provide hotspots to extract popular ratings and opinions on a wide range of topics. Realizing what individuals are referring to and understanding their concerns and suppositions is exceptionally significant to organizations and political missions. Furthermore, it is incredibly difficult to physically peruse such enormous volumes of data and gather the themes. Keeping in mind the prevailing plight of war-Torn nations such as the recent conflict between Russia and Ukraine. This study performs aims to perform topic modelling using LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) and text analysis on datasets collected from various online news websites. To increase the accuracy and efficacy of the topic modelling, a comparative analysis is proposed that elevates the performance of machine learning models. This study also develops an algorithm where the entire process can be automated from the point of data collection to finding optimum array of topics in the given dataset. Searching for insights from the collected information can therefore become very tedious and time-consuming. Topic modelling was designed as a tool to organize, search, and understand vast quantities of textual information. The topic model using LDA was utilized to do a text analysis for this research. In the beginning, researchers have scraped a total of 1178 articles that covered the war conflict between Russia and Ukraine from December 1, 2021, to May 16, 2022. After that, researcher built the LDA model and modified hyper parameters based on the coherence score Cv that was used for the model evaluation technique. When using the most effective model, prominent topics, and representative documents pertaining to each topic, topic allocation among the documents, and potential enhancements are covered in the last section. 2022 IEEE.
2022 International Conference on Trends in Quantum Computing and Emerging Business Technologies, TQCEBT 2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/TQCEBT54229.2022.10041450 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85149167575&doi=10.1109%2fTQCEBT54229.2022.10041450&partnerID=40&md5=9d4c1e5359bf1be2c13ae4aad3fbe56b
Nayak P., Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Lakshmi J.V.N., Patel Institute of Science and Management, Sunstone, Bangalore, India; Bhagat V.V., CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), India
Identifying the population of T-Tauri stars in Taurus: UVoptical synergy
Gaia; stars: HertzsprungRussell and CM diagrams; stars: kinematics and dynamics; stars: pre-main sequence
With the third data release of the Gaia mission, Gaia DR3 with its precise photometry and astrometry, it is now possible to study the behavior of stars at a scale never seen before. In this paper, we developed new criteria to identify T-Tauri stars (TTS) candidates using UV and optical color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) by combining the GALEX and Gaia surveys. We found 19 TTS candidates and five of them are newly identified TTS in the Taurus molecular cloud (TMC), not cataloged before as TMC members. For some of the TTS candidates, we also obtained optical spectra from several Indian telescopes. We also present the analysis of distance and proper motion of young stars in the Taurus using data from Gaia DR3. We found that the stars in Taurus show a bimodal distribution with distance, having peaks at 130.17-1.241.31 pc and 156.25-5.001.86 pc. The reason for this bimodality, we think, is due to the fact that different clouds in the TMC region are at different distances. We further showed that the two populations have similar ages and proper motion distribution. Using the Gaia DR3 CMD, we showed that the age of Taurus is consistent with 1Myr. 2023, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Nayak P.K.; Narang M.; Puravankara M.; Tyagi H.; Banerjee B.; Sharma S.; Pandey R.; Surya A.; Mathew B.; Arun R.; Ujjwal K.; Kartha S.S.
Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, Vol-44, No. 2
Nayak P.K., Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India, Institute of Astrophysics, Pontificia Universidad Catica de Chile, Av. Vicu MacKenna 4860, Santiago, 7820436, Chile; Narang M., Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India, Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 11F of Astro-Math Bldg., No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Puravankara M., Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India; Tyagi H., Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India; Banerjee B., Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India; Sharma S., Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Manora Peak, Nainital, 263001, India; Pandey R., Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Manora Peak, Nainital, 263001, India; Surya A., Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India; Mathew B., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Arun R., Indian Institute of Astrophysics, 2nd Block Koramangala, Bangalore, 560034, India; Ujjwal K., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India; Kartha S.S., Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India
Routing TQM through HR strategies to achieve organizational effectiveness: themediating role of HR outcomes in India
Human resources (HR); Organisational effectiveness; Soft TQM-HR outcomes; Soft TQM-HR practices; Total quality management (TQM)
Purpose: The present research focuses on improving the awareness related to soft total quality management (TQM) practices by looking from the viewpoint of strategic human resources (HR). In addition, it is intended to reflect on the resulting soft TQM-HR outcomes and determine the mediating effect between soft TQM-HR strategies and organizational effectiveness (OE). Design/methodology/approach: An exploratory research methodology with an online survey technique was adopted for the study. Three hundred and three managerial-level personnel from nine large Indian manufacturing organizations participated in the research. A theoretical model is projected and verified using correlation and mediation analysis. Findings: The results show that commitment, reduced turnover intentions and satisfaction levels of employees mediate the relationship between resources, development and retention strategies and OE. However, the retention strategy has the strongest association with the OE of the three strategies. Also, of the three HR outcomes, satisfaction was strongly associated with OE. The analysis proved that the proposed model is an acceptable fit. Practical implications: Implementing HR-related TQM strategies will likely impact OE since it elicits positive HR outcomes such as commitment, reduced turnover intention and satisfaction. Recognizing human resources as a unique strategic asset will help HR managers devise adequate resourcing, development and retention strategies instrumental in executing TQM. Originality/value: The present micro study is unique in scrutinizing the influence of soft TQM-HR practices on organizational effectiveness by analysing the mediating effects of commitment, reduced turnover intention and satisfaction in Indian large-scale manufacturing organizations. The study is unique since no literature deciphers the linkages between HR strategies and organizational effectiveness in the Indian manufacturing sector. 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.
TQM Journal, Vol-37, No. 2, pp. 289-318.
https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-05-2023-0138 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85177699250&doi=10.1108%2fTQM-05-2023-0138&partnerID=40&md5=c08d706066d71d916a78f336d96b5fb1
Nayak S., School of Business and Management, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India; Ganesh A., Department of Business Administration, St Joseph Engineering College, Mangalore, India; Bhat S., Department of Mechanical Engineering, St Joseph Engineering College, Mangalore, India; Kumar R., Department of Business Administration, St Joseph Engineering College, Mangalore, India
Green IT and Sustainable Digital Governance: Balancing Digital Transformation With Ecological Stewardship
The chapter is concerned with the Green IT model- ethical environmental considerations are met with technology to reduce the environmental footprint of information systems. It is informed by such frameworks as COBIT, ITIL, ISO 14001, and ESG and dedicated to sustainable governance through virtualization, renewable integration, circular hardware, and responsible disposal. The IT operations will be more transparent, efficient, and real-time monitoring of the environment thanks to the new technologies of AI, IoT, and blockchain. It is proved using the case studies of Microsoft, Google, AWS and Dell in which global leaders are seeking to grow digitally and reduce carbon emissions and the circular economy. Despite this, the obstacles that organizations go through are very expensive costs of implementation, old infrastructure and policy fragmentation. Another observation made in the chapter is that effective implementation of Green IT should be accompanied with harmonised governance, policy incentives and organisational culture shift towards accountability. Copyright 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
Green Governance of Digital Organizations;pp.319-355
https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-6736-1.ch011 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105033083708?origin=resultslist
Nayak K., Christ University, Bengaluru, India; Johnson M., Christ University, Bengaluru, India
Role of artificial intelligence in customer engagement and experience
AI-powered; Chatbots; Customer management; Industrial revolution; Technological transition
Businesses in the ultramodern period of today concentrate on drawing in customers and changing to meet their wants. The digital revolution has altered customer engagement strategies for businesses, which has an effect on their lifespan. Businesses look for creative methods to improve customer experience in order to remain competitive. During the Industrial Revolution 4.0., artificial intelligence (AI) significantly changed customer management, and it continues to do so today, and will surely continue in future as well. This chapter analyzes the conceptual framework of customer engagement, industries strategies and ethical considerations, data safety and security, mitigating the bias of AI, customer interactions and customer journey, and how artificial intelligence rebuilds, enhances, and optimizes customer management in various industries. Featuring an emphasis on both present and future uses, this chapter investigates how AI might improve corporate offerings, services, and consumer interaction. This chapter delves at how perception analytics, chatbots, and personalized experiences may use AI to improve consumer engagement. It analyzes ethical issues including data privacy, transparency, and prejudice in AI-driven customer management, with an emphasis on fairness and trust. It also examines AI's role in anticipating what customers want and enhancing interactions. This study examines the use of AI to customer management, including obstacles and methods to improve company expansion through the use of pertinent data. This chapter presents an empirical case study on AI's challenges, opportunities, and future potential in customer management and business engagement. 2025 Shakti Swarupa Nayak, Himanshi R Giri, Thirupathi Manickam and Sriram Ananthan. Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.
Nayak, Shakti Swarupa; Giri, Himanshi R.; Manickam, Thirupathi; Ananthan, Sriram
Marketing Intelligence, Part A: Understanding Customers in the Era of Digitalization;pp.137-157
https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83549-418-920251009 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105006513501?origin=resultslist
Nayak S.S., Christ University, India; Giri H.R., Christ University, India; Manickam T., Christ University, India; Ananthan S., Acsenda School of Management, Canada
Nayak, Surekha; Ganesh, Anjali; Bhat, Shreeranga; Kumar, Roopesh
TQM Journal;Volume;37;Issue;2;pp.289-318
https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-05-2023-0138 https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85177699250?origin=resultslist
Joycean novels: A broad secularizing project
Ideology; Irish; Joyce; Language; Modernism; Nationalism; Post-secular; Race; Religion; Secular; Theology
This paper discusses how the Irish novelist James Joyce used the Novel form as an interface of religion and secularism in fiction. The secularism of his novels is a nuanced, complex project, as he was deeply haunted by the fabric of religious upbringing which he had only partially disowned. Joyce's works as well as life reflect an ambiguous relationship to religious texts, themes, and institutions. A non-teleological concept of modernity is what is present in the works of Joyce especially in his novels, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Ulysses. Here, the secular and the religious exist in an intimately antinomian, mutually defining opposition in many aspects of cultural life, including literature. 2015 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore), ISSN: 0253-7222.
Journal of Dharma, Vol-40, No. 1, pp. 49-66.
Dharmaram College, Centre for the Study of World Religions
Nayar A., Department of Theatre Studies, Christ University Bangalore, India
Becoming knowledge societies: A happiness framework for institutions of higher education in India
Ethics; Happiness Framework; Information Society; Knowledge Society; Pillars of Education; Satisfaction Survey; Subjective Well-Being; Sustainability
The transformation of Indian Higher Education Institutions (IHEIs) to knowledge societies require multiple coordinated interventions and actions on both the local and the global levels of institution administration, management, supply and demands of the economy and society. A vibrant knowledge society will not only require institutions support to plan and amend practices but also require the engagement of all stakeholders and the ability of individuals and society to imbibe new ways of thinking, working, and acting. It is vital to chart a direction and an approach that is in alignment with the local context and culture. At the supply front, IHEIs should initiate intervention programmes to enhance human capital through investment in a Happiness Framework and a shift in the workplace culture that requires conscious measures of intervention, which will drive institutional effectiveness and improve student experiences. This happiness framework should be integral and reinforced, first as an induction-training programme, and practised as institutional culture. Individuals, who are thus, trained at the local level of institutions, while participating in the global labour market with their increased skills and competencies will drive the IHEIs towards a fully functioning knowledge-based society. A knowledge-based society thus built to generate, disseminate, and use knowledge to improve the standard of living and the quality of life of citizens in an ethical and sustainable way will certainly make happiness as its ultimate goal and will focus on happiness as a process to improve efficiency and efficacy of the work force. 2019 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore),.
Journal of Dharma, Vol-44, No. 1, pp. 109-128.
Nayar A., CHRIST, Bangalore, India; Abraham V.M., CHRIST, Bangalore, India