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BC-MBINet: A Novel Architecture for Accurate Classification of Breast Cancer with Microscopic Biopsy Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequent malignancy, accounting for roughly 25% of all cases of cancer. BC is caused by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors, and their interaction too. The diagnosis of a BC is a critical step in the treatment process, and histopathological imaging is required to determine the type of illness. Identifying a disease is an important stage in the treatment process. However, this time-consuming task is exhausting, and people are prone to making mistakes that go unnoticed, making it difficult to determine the severity of the condition and this diagnosing step also relies on a pathologists expertise. In this paper, we have developed a novel BC with microscopic biopsy images network (BC-MBINet) model using deep convolutional neural networks. Feature extraction is handled by a sequence of convolutional layers, nonlinearity is handled using LeakyReLU activations, and learning is stabilized by batch normalization. A last Softmax layer is employed for binary classification into benign and malignant tumors, and dropout layers are included to decrease overfitting. The model achieves state-of-the-art accuracy and resilience in discriminating BC types by being trained on a publically available dataset of microscopic biopsy images. The proposed model is capable of classifying between the benign and malignant BC tumors with 99.04% accuracy. The model gives state-of-the-art results in its accuracy in classifying BC tumors into Benign or Malignant. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Dominant non-covalent forces in diphenhydramine-8-chlorotheophylline supramolecular assembly
In this study, by applying the principles of the quantum mechanical method, we studied the molecular-level interactions present between two common drugs, namely CTP and DPH, using M062X/cc-pVDZ theory. The interactions were studied at six different sites, thus giving rise to six CTP-DPH complexes using modern computational tools. The binding energies of complexes AF were calculated, and it was shown that the complex formation is thermodynamically favorable. Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis throws light on the inter- and intramolecular interactions present in the complex. To get a detailed idea of the type of interaction, along with its strength, tools such as Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM), reduced density gradient approach (NCI-RDG) and Interaction Region Indicator (IRI) were used. The QTAIM parameters, along with the NCI and IRI results, show the presence of weaker interactions such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals interactions. Focus was also given to analyzing the decomposition of total energy into different components using LED analysis based on DLPNO-CCSD(T) level of theory. The Local Energy Decomposition (LED) analysis goes very well with the binding energy values. The results obtained show that complex F has the highest stability among all the complexes. Also, the results calculated using different methods are consistent, supporting the dominance of weak dispersive forces. Thus, this study gives valuable information related to the interactions between these two drugs, such as their biocompatibility, complexity in pharmaceutical applications. 2026 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
A strong technique for solving the fractional model of multi-dimensional Schnakenberg reaction-diffusion system
In recent times, researchers have increasingly directed their focus toward Reaction-Diffusion models, attracted by their versatile applications across various scientific domains. Within these models, the Schnakenberg Reaction-Diffusion System (SRDS) has gained significant attention for its ability to explain intricate phenomena such as oscillatory behavior, limit cycles, pattern formations and diffusion in biochemistry. This paper specifically delves into the Fractional Schnakenberg Reaction Diffusion System (FSRDS), an extension of SRDS that incorporates principles of fractional calculus. This extension provides a more comprehensive framework for understanding complex dynamics. The unique aspect of this work lies in the innovative approach used to derive an analytical solution for FSRDS - the Residual Power Series Method with Laplace Transform (L.T.)/Laplace Residual Power series Method (LRPSM). By employing LRPSM and considering the provided initial conditions, our objective is to unveil an analytical solution for FSRDS. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Bioconvective flow of nanofluid past a cylinder subject to ThompsonTroian slip
The bioconvective flow of a nanofluid across a cylinder under the impact of ThompsonTroian slip conditions is studied in this work. The nonzero velocity at the boundary, which affects the distribution of shear stress and, in turn, the overall flow pattern, is explained by this slip condition. Additionally, the paper covers the dynamics of nanofluid flow and its mass and heat transfer characteristics. Partial differential equations (PDEs) that characterize the momentum, energy, concentration and species movement in the fluid, are used to simulate the flow. Through similarity transformations, these PDEs are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), simplifying the intricate flow phenomena. After applying the similarity transformations, the resulting system of ODEs is solved via the RungeKuttaFehlberg (RKF45) technique. The study emphasizes how important precise modeling and numerical solutions are for managing and predicting bioconvective flows in real-world applications, including cooling systems, chemical reactors and microfluidic devices. The results provide a basis for further research into more complex flow scenarios as well as for the creation of cutting-edge materials and technologies that take advantage of nanofluid dynamics. The changes in the slip parameter resulted in 12.23% changes in the Nusselt number, whereas the changes in the magnetic field parameter accounted for 1.22.4%. However, the velocity of the nanofluid was found to decrease for a stronger magnetic field. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
QuintessenceChameleon transitions in anisotropic Kiselev model of neutron stars
We investigate a chameleon scalar field dynamically interacting with a Kiselev-type metric, where the static anisotropic fluid part of the metric is replaced by a density-dependent scalar field nonminimally coupled to curvature. This construction enables a transition from screened behavior in high-density regions where the scalar acquires an effective mass m???1?2 to unscreened quintessence dynamics at large scales, characterized by a critical screening radius rcrit?m??1. By solving the modified TolmanOppenheimerVolkoff equations under spherical symmetry, we show that radial scalar gradients (?r?) induce pressure anisotropies (?p?r?1) in neutron star envelopes, while deviations from general relativity (GR) are suppressed deep in the core (r -
Modication of Newtonian Gravity: Implications for hot gas in clusters and galactic angular momentum
In view of the negative results from various dark matter detection experiments, we had earlier proposed an alternate theoretical framework through modication of Newtonian gravity (MONG). Here, the Poison's equation is modied by introducing an additional gravitational self-energy density term along with the usual dark energy density term. In this work, we extend this model to account for the presence of low-density gas at high temperatures 08Kin the intra cluster medium (ICM) by estimating the velocities to which particles will be subjected by the modied gravitational force. Considering that the ICM is under the inuence of the cluster's gravity, particle velocities of the ions in the ICM must be balanced by the cluster's gravitational force. The particle velocities obtained for various clusters from their temperature proles match the velocity produced by the MONG gravitational force. Thus, the increase in the gravitational potential at the outskirts of galaxies balances the thermal pressure of the ICM, maintaining hydrostatic equilibrium without invoking DM. The eect of MONG on the angular momentum of galaxies is also studied by obtaining a scaling relation between the angular momentum and the mass of a galaxy. MONG predicts a higher dependence on mass in comparison to the CDM model. This increased dependence of angular momentum on mass compensates for the halo contribution to the angular momentum. The angular momentum from MONG for galaxies from the spritzer photometry and accurate rotation curves (SPARC) database is compared to the halo angular momentum by a chi-square t technique. The correlation coecient is found to be unity, showing a replicable result. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Chromatic Harmonic Polynomials and Indices of Jump Graphs of Some Graphs
The jump graph J(G) of a graph G of order n ? 3 is the complement graph of the line graph L(G). The line graph L(G) of G is the graphical realisation of edge adjacency in G and the jump graph is the graphical realisation of edge independence in G. In this paper, coloring related harmonic polynomials and topological indices of jump graphs of paths and certain cycle related graphs are discussed. 2026 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
k-Domination Connectivity in Graphs
The conditional connectivity of G with respect to a graph theoretic property P is the smallest cardinality of a set S of vertices (edges), if any, such that every component Hi of the disconnected graph G ? S has property P. Connectivity and domination are two major areas of graph theory having numerous applications in computer and information sciences. In this paper, we study a type of conditional connectivity that combines connectivity and domination, called k-domination connectivity. Further, we investigate the k-domination connectivity of some standard graph classes. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Paired Domination Integrity of Graphs
The concept of vulnerability in a communication network plays an important role when there is a disruption in the network. There exist several graph parameters that measure the vulnerability of a communication network. Domination integrity is one of the vulnerability parameters that measure the performance of a communication network. In this paper, we introduce the concept of paired domination integrity of a graph as a new measure of graph vulnerability. Let G = (V, E) be a simple, connected graph. A set of vertices in a graph G, say S, is a paired dominating set if the following two conditions are satisfied: (i) every vertex of G has a neighbor in S and (ii) the subgraph induced by S contains a perfect matching. The paired domination integrity of G, denoted by PDI(G), is defined as PDI(G) = min{|S|+m(G?S): S is a paired dominating set of G}, where m(G?S) is the order of the largest component in the induced subgraph of G?S. In this paper, we determine few bounds relating paired domination integrity with other graph parameters and the paired domination integrity of some classes of graphs. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Nonlinear stability and dynamics of RayleighBard convection in variable viscosity ferromagnetic liquids
RayleighBard convection in ferromagnetic liquids provides a fundamental framework for understanding magneto-thermal transport in systems where buoyancy, magnetic forces and material properties interact. Most nonlinear studies of ferroconvection, however, assume constant viscosity, even though in practical ferrofluids viscosity may vary with temperature and be influenced by an applied magnetic field. In this work, we examine the stability and nonlinear dynamics of a Newtonian ferromagnetic liquid confined between rigid isothermal boundaries and subjected to a uniform vertical magnetic field, while explicitly accounting for viscosity variations arising from thermal and magnetic effects. Linear stability analysis is carried out using a truncated Galerkin approach, leading to an analytical expression for the stationary critical Rayleigh number that incorporates the viscosity-dependence parameter and magnetic numbers. To investigate post-onset behavior, a generalized Lorenz-type system is derived through a minimal FourierGalerkin truncation, allowing steady, oscillatory and irregular convection states to be explored within a low-dimensional nonlinear framework. Heat transport is interpreted through a Nusselt number formulation expressed in terms of the reduced system variables, with time-averaged values used in non-steady regimes. The model recovers established constant-viscosity ferroconvection results in the appropriate limiting case and demonstrates how viscosity variation modifies stability thresholds, amplitude saturation and convective transport trends. The present formulation provides a compact theoretical basis for assessing the combined influence of thermorheological and magnetorheological effects on convection dynamics in ferrofluid layers relevant to magnetic thermal control applications. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to SocietItaliana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026. -
GraphDrift-net: a dynamic graph-based framework for concept drift detection in short unstructured text streams
Detecting concept drift in text streams is challenging due to the rapid evolution of language, shifting user behavior, and temporal dependencies. Issues like data sparsity, high dimensionality, lack of labeled data, and multimodal drift further complicate real-time detection and adaptation. This paper proposes GraphDrift-net, a novel dynamic graph-based framework for detecting and adapting to concept drift in evolving text streams. The model comprise of the following components: evolving Time BERT (EvoTimeBERT), which captures temporal language evolution via historical token memory and multi-scale temporal convolutions, hierarchical temporal graph network with dynamic topics and adaptive memory (HTGN-DTAM), a heterogeneous graph neural network that dynamically constructs topic-aware graphs to track changing semantics and Chronograph Detection, a time-series-based drift detection method leveraging graph statistics such as node centrality and clustering coefficient changes. In addition, graph neural reinforcement learning framework (GNRL), a reinforcement learning-based adaptive learning module, enables model adaptability by word embedding update, memory decay rate tuning, and few-shot adaptation. Experimental evaluations over various real-world datasets, including Twitter-1, Twitter-2, Enron, and News20, demonstrate that GraphDrift-net outperforms other methods in accuracy, F1-score, and drift detection sensitivity. The model achieves accuracy as high as 99.7%, is able to identify more drift points, and is more stable with computational efficiency, making it extremely appropriate for real-time text stream applications. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to SocietItaliana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025. -
Wave scattering and dynamic stress concentration in piezoelectric half-planes with semi-elliptical notches under SH-wave excitation
This study presents a comprehensive analytical framework for investigating the scattering and dynamic stress response of semi-elliptical notches in piezoelectric half-planes subjected to anti-plane shear (SH) waves. The primary objective is to unify the treatment of notches, cracks, and circular holes within a rigorous wavedefect interaction model while explicitly incorporating piezoelectric coupling and nanoscale surface/interface effects. The methodology employs the complex function method in conjunction with the Helmholtz equation and wavefield superposition theory, leading to an infinite system of equations that rigorously satisfies continuity and boundary conditions; a systematic truncation strategy is then applied to achieve convergent solutions. Results demonstrate that surface/interface effects significantly suppress the dynamic stress concentration factor, particularly under vertical SH-wave disturbance, while resonance peaks become sharper at low modulus ratios and higher piezoelectric constants such as PZT-5H and BaTiO3. Importantly, the formulation naturally recovers classical elasticity results in the absence of piezoelectric effects, providing strong theoretical consistency. Validation is achieved through analytical recovery of benchmark cases (semicircular notch and edge crack), graphical comparisons with established results, and rapid convergence of the truncated system, confirming both accuracy and robustness. The practical implications of these findings extend to structural health monitoring, non-destructive evaluation, and the optimal design of advanced piezoelectric composites, where accurate prediction of defect evolution and stress amplification is critical. While the present work is restricted to semi-elliptical notches under SH-wave excitation in half-plane geometries, the approach is readily extensible to more general defect shapes and mixed-mode disturbances. The novelty of this study lies in its ability to capture piezoelectric surface/interface effects within an exact analytical framework, providing predictive capability for defect-induced stress concentrations and offering a reliable basis for the design and reliability assessment of high-performance piezoelectric materials. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to SocietItaliana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025. -
Viscosity dissipation and BrinkmanBard convection with thermal anisotropy: stability studies in both linear and nonlinear
This study presents both linear and nonlinear stability analyses of BrinkmanBard convection in a porous medium, considering the effects of thermal anisotropy. The flow occurs between two walls maintained at uniform but different temperatures. The critical Rayleigh number is examined, including variations in the Darcy number, porosity, Prandtl number, and anisotropic thermal conductivity, with both linear and nonlinear stability regimes analyzed. Contour plots of streamlines and isotherms are provided to visualize fluid and heat flow directions. The results demonstrate that the presence of the porous medium inhibits convection and reduces the cell size at the onset of instability. Additionally, thermal anisotropy stabilizes the system, with the region of subcritical instability shrinking as the anisotropy parameter increases. While the linear stability analysis does not reveal any significant impact of viscous dissipation, the nonlinear stability analysis shows that viscous dissipation destabilizes the system. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between thermal anisotropy, porosity, and convection behavior in porous media, with implications for various engineering and geophysical applications. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to SocietItaliana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025. -
A comparative heat transfer analysis of rectangular fin through LTE and LTNE model
The objective of this research is to compare the thermal performance of rectangular porous fins through the Local Thermal Equilibrium and the Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium models. The thermal interactions between the solid and fluid phases are represented by two distinct energy equations in the Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium model. Whereas, heat transfer is governed by a single energy equation in the Local Thermal Equilibrium model. The governing equations describing the temperature distribution inside the fin system are developed using basic heat transfer principles. To enhance thermal conductivity and total effectiveness of heat transmission, the fluid phase of water is amalgamated with Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles. The governing nonlinear ordinary differential equations are nondimensionalized, and the RungeKutta Fehlberg fourth-fifth order (RKF45) method is employed to solve these equations numerically. The accuracy and dependability of the obtained solution are confirmed by comparing it with previous findings. The influence of pertinent parameters on the thermal characteristics of the permeable fin is depicted graphically, and the rate of heat transfer is analyzed by Response surface methodology. It has been determined that, for the capturing of phase-wise thermal variations, Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium model performs better, particularly in permeable media with no heat conduction differences. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to SocietItaliana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025. -
The novel inhibitive action of the N-(p-ethylphenyl)thiobenzohydroxamic acid for mild steel in 1M HCl medium: electrochemical, thermodynamic, DFT, and MD simulation study
In this study, a reasonably priced inhibitor of N-(p-ethylphenyl)thiobenzohydroxamic acid (NTHA) is presented to stop steel from corroding in HCl solution. NTHA is investigated as a potential corrosion inhibitor, and the corrosion protectionactivityofmildsteelis evaluated in 1M HCl asacorrosionmedium.Manycharacterization techniques, including weight loss (WL)measurement,scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM), electrochemical measurements, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations study, and density functional theory (DFT), have been applied to prove the inhibition performance of NTHA against the corrosion of mild steel. Langmuir adsorption isotherm confirms the prevention of mild steel from the attack of corrosive chloride ions (Cl?) by adsorbing on the metal surface. EIS investigation favors that the NTHA works as a mixed inhibitor. The morphological changes on the mild steel surface have been investigated using surface characterization techniques, i.e., scanning electron microscopy and electron dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). The weight loss study indicates a high inhibition efficiency of NTHA of 93.69% in its optimal concentration of 0.2g/L at 298K. DFT analyses show good electron donor property of NTHA, followed by the formation of the chelating complex with metal cations. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to SocietItaliana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025. -
Loop-corrected scalar potentials and late-time acceleration in f(R) gravity
We construct an analytic f(R) gravity model that unifies early-time inflation with late-time cosmic acceleration within a single covariant framework. At high curvature, the model reproduces a Starobinsky-like inflationary plateau, while at low curvature it asymptotes to a stable dark energy-dominated phase. In the scalar-tensor representation, this construction yields a hilltop-type potential in the Jordan frame, which maps to an exponential potential in the Einstein frame. To account for radiative effects, we introduce a logarithmic correction to the Einstein-frame potential inspired by one-loop effective field theory, producing a late-time flattening without requiring fine-tuning. The resulting scalaron dynamics reduce the effective mass to O(H0), inducing a thawing regime that deviates from a cosmological constant at the sub-percent levels. A joint background likelihood analysis using Pantheon+SH0ES and BAO+CC datasets (within the CPL parametrization) yields H0=73.40.6 km/s/Mpc and ?m=0.2530.007, consistent with local expansion rate measurements. The best-fit scalar field parameters are ?0?0.027MPl and ??0.010MPl, corresponding to a present-day dark energy equation of state w0?-0.985. While compatible with ?CDM within current observational bounds, the model satisfies GR recovery at low curvature and exhibits attractor-like behavior, thereby minimizing sensitivity to initial conditions. The Author(s) 2025. -
Cosmic structure growth and perturbation analysis in logarithmic f(Q) gravity
In this work, we explore a cosmological model within the framework of modified gravity, specifically a logarithmic form of f(Q) gravity. Using recent observational datasets including RSD and DESI, we constrain the model parameters via Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques. Our analysis focuses on both background and perturbation-level cosmological diagnostics, evaluating the evolution of cosmographic parameters and the growth rate of structure through f?8. The results demonstrate consistency with observational data, particularly supporting a quintessence-like accelerated expansion. Additionally, the model addresses the S8 tension and provides insights into the late-time behavior of dark energy. The Author(s) 2025. -
Rumination, existential anxiety and professional quality of life among palliative care professionals in India
Objective: Palliative care enhances the quality of life for individuals with life-limiting illnesses, but frequent exposure to death and suffering poses emotional challenges for professionals. This study examines ruminations role in the relationship between existential anxiety (EA) and professional quality of life (ProQOL) among palliative care professionals in India. Methods: A mixed-method research design was employed. Quantitative data were collected from 500 palliative care professionals using the Event-Related Rumination Inventory, EA Questionnaire and ProQOL scale. In-depth interviews were conducted with 27 professionals with high rumination scores. Correlation and regression analyses were used for quantitative data, while thematic analysis was applied to qualitative data. Results: Persistent rumination heightened mortality awareness, exacerbated EA and negatively impacted ProQOL. Rumination partially mediated the relationship between EA and ProQOL. Four key themes emerged: (1) brooding rumination, (2) reflective rumination, (3) impact of rumination on ProQOL and (4) impact of rumination on EA. Individual differences in ruminations intensity and duration were notable. Conclusions: Findings highlight cultural and contextual challenges faced by Indian palliative care professionals, underscoring the need for targeted mental health interventions. This study supports Sustainable Development Goals 3, 8 and 4 by advocating for healthcare worker well-being, job satisfaction and improved mental health training. Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. -
Sociocultural aspects of the medicalisation of infertility: A comparative reading of two illness narratives
This paper is a comparative reading of variations in the medicalisation of infertility caused by sociocultural aspects, in two illness narratives by patients: Elizabeth Katkin's Conceivability (2018), a story of navigating a fertility industry with polycystic ovarian syndrome and antiphospholipid syndrome in America and Rohini Rajagopal's What's a Lemon Squeezer Doing in My Vagina (2021), a discussion from India of a growing awareness of medicalisation in treatment of unexplained infertility. For this purpose, it first charts scholarship on illness narratives and medicalisation, noting a historical association. Following this, it shows how infertility, a physiological symptom of reproductive incapacity or failure to show clinical pregnancy, is generally medicalised. This paper reads the texts as showing hitherto unaddressed sociocultural aspects of infertility's medicalisation. At the same time, drawing from existing sociological and anthropological scholarship, it shows how a reading of sociocultural aspects in medicalised infertility nuances understanding of it's medicalisation. This comparative reading attends to sociocultural values and norms within the texts, including pronatalism, fetal personhood, kinship organisation, purity/pollution, individual reliance, sacred duty and so forth. It draws from scholarship on embodiment, rhetorical strategies and the language of medicine. It also shows how a patient's non-medicalised, affective history of 'deep' sickness caused by the biographical disruption of infertility is not that of a 'poor historian'. In laying out the particularisation of such sociocultural values and norms across America and India, medicalisation's migration from its origins to the margins reveals subjectivised, stratified reproduction in infertility illness narratives. This paper is part of a turn in scholarship away from understanding the medicalisation of infertility as naturalised and decontextualised. Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group. -
Tandem Neat Synthesis of Substituted Pyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5-ones: Unraveling the Camphor-10-sulfonic Acid Catalysis
Abstract: Camphor-10-sulfonic acid (CSA) is valued for its wide range of solubility, user friendliness, cost effectiveness, and catalytic activity. This work presents a catalytic approach using a minimal amount of CSA to promote a one-pot reaction between aromatic aldehydes, acetophenones, and 4-hydroxycoumarin. This tandem neat strategy delivers the desired 2,4-diarylpyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5-one derivatives in excellent yields (6592%). The product identity was confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR and LCMS characterization. The scalability of the method is demonstrated by achieving consistent yields in gram-scale reactions, highlighting its potential for industrial applications. Mechanistic insights were gained through controlled experiments, providing a valuable understanding of the role of CSA in catalyzing the formation of the target compounds. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2025.