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Strongly connected interval-valued fuzzy graphs
In interval-valued fuzzy graphs (IVFGs) strong paths need not exist between every two nodes in contrast with fuzzy graphs. Based on this, we define a particular class of interval-valued fuzzy graphs called strongly connected interval valued fuzzy graphs (SCIVFGs). A connected IVFG in which a strong path always exists between every two nodes is called a SCIVFG. We prove several sufficient conditions for an IVFG to be strongly connected. Finally we show that strong connectedness is preserved under isomorphism and co-weak isomorphism. 2020, Research Publication. All rights reserved. -
The interval valued fuzzy graph associated with a Crisp graph
We define the interval valued fuzzy graph (IVFG) associated with a crisp graph based on the degrees of the nodes of the crisp graph and study its various properties. The nature of arcs of the IVFG associated with a crisp graph can be determined if the adjacency matrix of the crisp graph is given. We show that the IVFG associated with a regular graph is regular, totally regular, edge regular and totally edge regular, but the IVFG associated with a complete graph is not a complete IVFG. We prove that the IVFG associated with Cn, n ? 3 is an interval valued fuzzy cycle and the IVFG associated with the wheel graph Wn, n ? 5 is an interval valued fuzzy tree. 2021 Forum-Editrice Universitaria Udinese SRL. All rights reserved. -
An Efficient Approach for Obstacle Avoidance and Navigation in Robots
Reinforcement learning has emerged as a prominent technique for enhancing robot obstacle avoidance capabilities in recent years. This research provides a comprehensive overview of reinforcement learning methods, focusing on Bayesian, static, dynamic policy, Deep Q-Learning (DQN) and extended dynamic policy algorithms. In the context of robot obstacle avoidance, these algorithms enable an agent to interact with its physical environment, learns effective operating strategies, and optimize actions to maximize a reward signal. The environment typically consists of a physical space that the robot must navigate without encountering obstacles. The reward signal serves as an objective measure of the robot's performance towards accomplishing specific goals, such as reaching designated positions or completing tasks. Furthermore, successful obstacle avoidance strategies acquired in simulation environments can be seamlessly transferred to real-world scenarios. The promising results achieved thus far indicate the potential of reinforcement learning as a powerful tool for enhancing robot obstacle avoidance. This research concludes with insights into the future prospects of reward learning, high-lighting its ongoing importance in the development of intelligent robotics systems. The proposed algorithm DQN outperforms well among all the other algorithms with an accuracy of 81%, Through this research, we aim to provide valuable insights and directions for further advancements in the field of robot obstacle avoidance using reinforcement learning techniques. 2023 IEEE. -
Empirical Analysis of Antecedents and Mediators of Student Loyalty Among Undergraduate Business Students in Bangalore,India
The higher education sector has undergone major changes throughout India which has led to increase in competition for institutions in this sector. Thus, there is a need to find ways to attract and retain the potential and current students. Student loyalty is crucial to createsustainable competitive advantage. Student loyalty is widely accepted as a critical factor in the long term economic success of an educational institution that aims at positive recommendation (word of mouth) by students and attracting the students back to newlinethe institution for further studies. Review of literature reveals that service quality, price fairness, customer value, customer satisfaction and affective commitment are key newlineantecedents to customer loyalty. newlineObjectives - The objectives of this research study are based on theoretical underpinnings in the literature. The main objectives of the study are: 1. To empirically test the proposed structural model of relationships among six constructs: educational service quality, perceived fee fairness, perceived value, student satisfaction, affective commitment, and student loyalty in the undergraduate business programs. 2. To analyze the influence of educational service quality and perceived fairness on student loyalty (ultimate dependent variable). 3. To examine the mediating effect of perceived value, student satisfaction, and affective newlinecommitment on the relationship between educational service quality and student loyalty. 4. To find out the mediating effect of perceived value and student satisfaction on the relationship between perceived fee fairness and student loyalty. 5. To find out the perceptual dimensions of student assessments of educational service quality, fee fairness, value, satisfaction, commitment and student loyalty. Variables of the Study newline1. Educational Service Quality Independent Variable (Exogenous variable) 2. Perceived Fee Fairness Independent Variable (Exogenous variable) 3. Perceived Value Mediating variable (Endogenous Variable) -
Empirical analysis of antecedents and mediators of student loyalty among undergraduate business students in Bangalore, India
The higher education sector has undergone major changes throughout India which has led to increase in competition for institutions in this sector. Thus, there is a need to find ways to attract and retain the potential and current students. Student loyalty is crucial to create sustainable competitive advantage. Student loyalty is widely accepted as a critical factor in the long term economic success of an educational institution that aims at positive recommendation (word of mouth) by students and attracting the students back to the institution for further studies. Review of literature reveals that service quality, price fairness, customer value, customer satisfaction and affective commitment are key antecedents to customer loyalty. -
Testing The Causal Link Between Perceived Fee Fairness and Student Loyalty-Empirical Assessment in the Context of Service Marketing in Higher Education
Journal of Global Management Outlook, Vol-1 (5), pp. 43-55. ISSN-2277-3789 -
Prediction of Rainfall Using Seasonal Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average and Transductive Long Short-Term Model
One of the most crucial parts of the practical application in recent years has been the analysis of time series data for forecasting. Because of the extreme climate variations, it is now harder than ever to estimate rainfall accurately. It is possible to forecast rainfall using a number of time series models that uncover hidden patterns in past meteorological data. Choosing the right Time Series Analysis Models for predicting is a challenging task. This study suggests using a Seasonal Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) to forecast values that are similar to historical values that exhibit seasonal patterns. Twelve years of historical weather data for the city of Lahore (from 2005 to 2017) and Blora Regency are taken into account for the prediction. The dataset underwent pre-processing operations like cleaning and normalisation before to the classification procedure. For classification, Transductive Long Short-Term Model (TLSTM) is employed which has learned the dependency values where the memory blocks are recurring and capable of learning long-term dependencies on this model. Further, TLSTM's goal is to increase accuracy close to the test point, where test points are selected as a validation group. The performance of the models has been assessed based on accuracy (99%), precision (98%), recall (96%) and fl-score (98%). Proposed SARIMA model showed optimistic results when compared to existing models. 2023 IEEE. -
Dynamics of Sustainable Economic Growth in Emerging Middle Power Economies: Does Institutional Quality Matter?
The present study investigates the relevance of Institutional structures quality as a determinant of the GDP of the Emerging Middle Power Economies (MIKTA) which constitute predominantly middle-income countries, namely Mexico, South Korea, Indonesia, Turkey, and Australia over the timeframe of 19852016. In addition to institutional variables such as Government Stability, Bureaucratic Quality and Socioeconomic Conditions, the study uses productive factors (per worker capital, human capital) and a macroeconomic indicator (inflation) to show the GDP of the above-mentioned countries. The impact that institutional variables taken have on Efficient Environmental resources, Sustainability and their management has shown to have an impact on the rate of growth of the middle-income economies. To estimate a long-run relation, the study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model, also known as the ARDL model, bringing in controls for cointegration, nonstationary, heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependency and accounts for a mixed order of integration of variables. The model indicates that capital per worker, socio-economic conditions, bureaucratic quality, human capital and inflation have a long-run effect on the GDP of a country. The paper concludes with a positive impact of institutional variables during both, the short-run and the long-run, for the de-pendent variable. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. 2024. -
Molecular simulations to investigate the guest-induced flexibility of Pu-UiO-66 MOF
Actinide metal-organic frameworks are highly popular because of their significant coordination benefits. Due to production and characterisation challenges, An-MOFs are a relatively less explored coordination polymer. In this study, we considered the experimentally synthesised Pu-UiO-66 MOF, which was the first reported plutonium MOF. In most MOF studies, the framework has been maintained rigid, however, in this case, we investigate both rigid and flexible frameworks. To gain a better understanding of the framework's flexibility, flexible Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations were conducted and the calculated results were compared with that of rigid frameworks. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to examine the effects of framework flexibility of Pu-UiO-66 MOF, a force field-built Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) on adsorption of guest molecules, and to analyse the self-diffusion coefficients of acidic gases such as CO2, SO2, and NO2 in the framework. The adsorption isotherms and radial distribution functions for both rigid and flexible frameworks in the presence of gas molecules were compared and analysed using GCMC simulation. Similarly, molecular dynamics simulations including guest molecules were carried out. Following that, the GCMC and MD results were compared and analysed to determine the flexibility of the system. Diffusion studies were conducted at various temperatures and the coefficient of self-diffusion of each gas was examined. In addition, structural analyses, such as angle analysis, were carried out to explore the local changes, such as tilting, observed in the organic ligand derivative. It was also shown that the UFF force field is suitable for Pu-UiO-66. 2022 -
Significance of extra-framework monovalent and divalent cation motion upon CO2 and N2 sorption in zeolite X
Experimental observations and the GCMC (Grand Canonical Monte Carlo) simulations with fixed and mobile cations in their cavities have been used to study nitrogen and carbon dioxide sorption in divalent cation (Ca, Sr, and Ba) exchanged Zeolite X. Simulations of carbon dioxide and nitrogen adsorption isotherms and the heat of adsorption in divalent cation exchanged zeolite X produced results that were similar to those found in experimental results. Both experimental and simulated isotherms showed that carbon dioxide adsorption capacity is saturated at lower pressure with high adsorption capacity than the nitrogen isotherm in all zeolite samples. In the order of electronegativity of the extra-framework cations, the isosteric heat of sorption results show that carbon dioxide as well as nitrogen molecules interact more with divalent metal ion exchanged zeolites. Simulations of carbon dioxide and the nitrogen sorption in zeolite -X revealed that the mobile extra-framework cations in the cages of zeolite X had a significant advantage over zeolite molecular sieves in the separation process. The simulation with mobile cations can be a good tool for developing selective and purposeful zeolite-based adsorbents by knowing the cation position and its migration upon the adsorption of various gases. 2022 -
Level Shifted Phase Disposition PWM Control for Quadra Boost Multi Level Inverter
This article introduces a novel boost switched capacitor Inverter (NBSCI) that significantly advances existing designs. Many recently developed multilevel voltage source inverters stand out for their ability to reduce the number of DC sources while markedly improving voltage levels with fewer switching devices. Building on these advancements, our work proposes an innovative inverter arrangement that, utilizing 1 DC source, eight switches and 3 capacitors, achieves 9-level output voltage waveforms. The increased range of voltage levels facilitates the generation of high-quality sine wave output signals with minimal Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). Also, this work employs Level shifted - Phase Disposition (LS-PD) pulse width modulation techniques to generate gating signals, ensuring the production of superior output waveforms. The article also presents various simulation results conducted using MATLAB-SIMULINK, providing a comprehensive assessment of the proposed configuration's precise effectiveness under diverse modulation index. 2024 IEEE. -
Nine Level Quadra Boost Inverter with Modified Level Shifted Pulse Width Modulation Technique
This research initiatives to introduce a switched capacitor based nine level boost inverter (SC-9LBI) powered by modified level shifted pulse width modulation (PWM) technique. The SC-9LBI equipped with single DC source along with three capacitors and eight controlled switches to develop nine level inverter output voltage. The suggested inverter configuration has the ability of boosting the inverter input voltage into 1:4 ratio. Also, this research involves modified level shifted PWM technique to enhance the quality of inverter output voltage. The effectiveness of the NLMLI is assessed through parameters such as harmonic distortion, peak voltage, and output voltage root mean square value (rms). Simulation studies have been conducted using MATLAB/Simulink to evaluate the proposed inverter's performance. 2024 IEEE. -
CNN based Model for Severity Analysis of Diabetic Retinopathy to aid Medical Treatment with Ayurvedic Perspective
One among the major modern life-style diseases is Diabetes. Diabetic Retinopathy is a major cause for blindness even at an early age. Clinical assessments for eye disease are done using visual examinations and probing. Retinal vessel segmentation is an important technique which helps in detection of changes that happens in blood vessel as well as gives information regarding the location of vessels. The work presented in this paper tries to detect and analyze the changes occurred in the blood vessels of human retina caused by diabetic retinopathy. Using digital imaging techniques, the severity screening technique facilitates the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. The model works in such a way that it helps the Ayurvedic treatment methodology for Diabetic Retinopathy. Results are obtained to categorize the data elements according to the severity of the disease and different classifications. 2022 IEEE. -
A novel framework for cloud-based analytic of massive and multi-structured healthcare images for real-time insights
The dependency of healthcare industry on the information and communication technology newline(ICT) domain is consistently on the rise in order to conceptualize and provide1537608 newlinesophisticated services to various newlinestakeholders including patients, newlinecaregivers, support service providers, medical practitioners, and experts. There are a variety of decisive advancements in the diagnosis, medication and surgical processes, medical electronics, instruments and equipment, healthcare-centric robots, a bevy of cloud-based healthcare software solutions, medical data hubs, etc. One direct offshoot of all these developments is that the amount of multi-structured data is exponentially growing. There is a litany of support and expert systems in order to lessen the doctors workloads. However the brewing challenges and new-generation requirements include the real-time processing of medical data to extract real-time insights and decision-enablement, the substantial enhancements in appropriate and accurate processing and understanding of various and overlapped symptoms towards correct and strategically sound decisions, the real-time analytics of medical data, the empowerment of medical devices to assist surgeons and specialists in performing their tasks in an assured manner, etc. newlineThe Problem Description - Medical imaging is one of the fundamental and most important areas of the healthcare system. This needs accuracy in processing and producing best results for further diagnosis and action. There are various factors impelling medical imaging like patient preparation, different scanning modalities, the scanner used to capture the image and various algorithms adopted for processing the captured images. -
A Space Vector Modulated Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor with Improved Transient Performance and Reduced Parameters Dependency
Direct torque control (DTC) of induction motors is hampered by high torque and current ripple. Integrating DTC with space vector pulse width modulation (DTC-SVPWM) is one of the frequently used approaches to solve this problem. However, it adds to the computational complexity, increases the number of necessary motor parameters needed for control scheme implementation, and also affects the transient performance of the induction motor; this approach compromises the robustness and simplicity of DTC scheme. To get around these restrictions, a novel control strategy is put forth in this paper. The suggested scheme enhances the steady-state performance and transient response of the motor while preserving the simplicity and robustness of the DTC scheme. To accomplish this, the proposed control scheme operates at varying switching frequencies during transient conditions and constant switching frequencies during steady-state. The suggested speed control method does not employ any rotating reference frame transformations or usage of many rotor parameters for computation, nor does it call for sector identification and operates with a single PI controller. The suggested topology also uses a bus-clamped PWM modulation technique, which lowers the average switching frequency to 2/3 times the actual switching frequency. Thus, switching losses are also decreased. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed topology in enhancing the transient and steady-state performance of the induction motor. The results are compared with the traditional DTC and DTC-SVPWM scheme. 2023 IEEE. -
Quality of life of children and adolescents living with HIV in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) encounters compromised health and well-being especially in developing countries. Understanding the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of CALHIV living in India is vital in planning and developing comprehensive care approach. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to explore and examine the HRQOL of CALHIV in India. Five electronic databases were searched, retrieving 2,729 citations with a final eight studies that met the inclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. The included studies predominantly evaluated quality of life using the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory, with a mean self-reported HRQOL score of 77.62 (95% CI 72.9182.34, I 2 = 93%). HRQOL of CALHIV observed to be better than other chronically ill children. However, CALHIV demonstrated lower HRQOL than the matched general population. Younger age children and boys reported better HRQOL. Poor socio-economic status, immunological status and advanced clinical stages noted to be adversely affecting HRQOL. HRQOL of children reared in institutional care reported to better or in par with family reared children. The review highlights the sparse evidence investigating the HRQOL of children with HIV in India, and the need for further well-designed studies in this population. A population-specific holistic-care approach recommended to be benefiting the well-being of CALHIV. 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Fault analysis in the 5-level multilevel NCA DCAC converter
The existing neutral clamped active inverter has common mode voltage with the high frequency which can reduce the severity with less voltage gain. The traditional active neutral point clamped (APC) DCAC converter maintains great common mode voltage with high-frequency (CMV-HF) reduction capability so, it has limited voltage gain. The paper presents a new 5-level active neutral point clamped DCAC converter that can change voltage step-up in a single-stage inversion. In the suggested design, a common ground not only reduces the CMV-HF but also improves DC link voltage use. Compared with the traditional two-stage 5-level APC DCAC converter, the proposed design has lower voltage stresses and greater uniformity. While improving the overall efficiency, the suggested clamped DCAC converter saves three power switches and a capacitor. Modelling and actual tests have proven the suggested active neutral point clamped inverters overall operation, efficacy and achievability. The proposed circuit is finally tested with fault clearance capability. 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Creating a Logic Divider Based on BCD and Utilizing the Vedic Direct Flag Method
Reversible logic has potential for a variety of applications demanding low energy usage since it prevents information loss and energy waste. The purpose of this work is to design a new Vedic divider circuit with reversible gates. Efficiency in quantum and ASIC parameters is demonstrated by the Reversible Direct Flag Vedic Division Method (RDFVDM), which has been devised. Block-level reversible gates are used in the RDFVDM to provide benefits including lower quantum costs and less trash outputs. The performance of Cadence EDA Tool is validated by simulation trials. Based on a comparative examination utilizing current methodologies, RDFVDM performs better than comparable designs. Interestingly, it improves energy usage by 26%. Moreover, RDFVDM performs exceptionally well in terms of quantum cost while employing the RSA cryptographic technique, efficiently managing 1276,293 constant inputs and 311 garbage outputs. 2024 by the Perumal B, Balamanikandan A, Arunraja A, Venkatachalam K, Shaik Rahamtula, Dhanalakshmi M. -
Enhancing Greedy Web Proxy caching using Weighted Random Indexing based Data Mining Classifier
Web Proxy caching system is an intermediary between the Web users and servers that try to alleviate the loads on the origin servers by caching particular Web objects and behaves as the proxy for the server and services the requests that are made to the servers. In this paper, the performance of a Proxy system is measured by the number of hits at the Proxy. Higher number of hits at the Proxy server reflects the effectiveness of the Proxy system. The number of hits is determined by the replacement policies chosen by the Proxy systems. Traditional replacement policies that are based on time and size are reactive and do not consider the events that will possibly happen in the future. The performance of the web proxy caching system is improved by adapting Data Mining Classifier model based on Web User clustering and Weighted Random Indexing Methods. The outcome of the paper are proactive strategies that augment the traditional replacement policies such as GDS, GDSF, GD? which uses the Data Mining techniques. 2019