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Ensuring Equity and Mitigating Harm in AI (Fairness and Bias)
The rapid spread of Artificial Intelligence (AI) across sectors like healthcare, finance, education, law enforcement, and public administration has dramatically changed how decisions are made, services are delivered, and organizations function. AI holds incredible potential to improve human well-being and drive societal progress. Yet, alongside these opportunities come serious ethical concernsparticularly around fairness, bias, and the risk of reinforcing existing social inequalities. This chapter explores these challenges in depth, offering an interdisciplinary perspective on how bias emerges in AI systems. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
A Multi-Dimensional Analysis of NIFTY50's Strategic Integration and Performance on the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals
In 2015, the United Nations introduced 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development focusing on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 167 specific targets which are adopted by 193 member countries. The goals serve as a global blueprint for achieving inclusive, equitable and sustainable growth. The present study evaluates the sustainability performance of leading companies listed on the NIFTY50 index to assess how effectively for top performing firms have integrated SDG principles into their strategic planning, disclosure practices and operational frameworks. The resulting scores provide a quantifiable measure of companys alignment with global SDG agenda. Also, the study analyzes the financial performance indicators specifically for stock returns and volatility using NIFTY50 as benchmark. It reveals a positive relationship between higher SDG scores and improved stock performance as well as a negative correlation for volatility suggesting that companies with stronger sustainability engagement tend to offer better risk- adjusted returns. Copyright 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global Scientific Publishing is prohibited. Use of this chapter to train generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is expressly prohibited. The publisher reserves all rights to license its use for generative AI training and machine learning model development. -
Leveraging Big Data Analytics for Sustainable and Ethical Supply Chains
This chapter explores the transformative role of Big Data Analytics in advancing sustainable and ethical supply chains. It examines how data- driven decision- making enables companies to enhance transparency, reduce environmental footprints, and uphold labour and human rights across multi- tier supply networks. The chapter addresses challenges in data integration, ethical AI use, and balancing cost with sustainability objectives, supported by real- world case studies from fashion, food, and electronics sectors. It highlights technological innovations such as digital twins, AI, and blockchain that empower circular economy practices and supply chain resilience. Offering critical insights and future directions, this chapter serves as a comprehensive guide for academia and practitioners committed to responsible supply chain management. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Marketing Mental Wellness in Medical Tourism: A Cross- Cultural Digital Comparison Between Asia and Europe
This chapter explores how Asia and Europe utilize digital marketing to promote mental wellness tourism by blending cultural healing traditions, emotional storytelling, and therapeutic experience design. Through a comparative analysis of India, China, South Korea, Japan, and leading European destinations, it identifies key regional differences in communicating psychological restoration. Asian campaigns emphasize spiritual harmony, sensory immersion, and holistic cultural narratives, whereas European strategies focus on evidence- based wellness, structured therapeutic programs, and nature- assisted emotional recovery. Building on these insights, the chapter introduces the Digital Wellness Marketing Framework, which integrates cultural narrative design, digital storytelling optimization, emotional engagement metrics, and mental wellness ROI. The study contributes both theoretical and practical guidance for designing culturally sensitive, ethical, and emotionally resonant digital marketing strategies in global wellness tourism. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
New Ventures in Medical Tourism: Digital Strategies for Mental Wellness and Patient Trust
Medical tourism is now a global industry which attracts over 14 million patients annually and generating more than 100 billion dollars in revenue. At this stage of development, new startups and digital initiatives are innovative redefining the sectors competitiveness with a focus on mental wellness and trust. While affordability and access were once the major determinants of patients choices, todays travelers are seeking emotional reassurance and genuine connection. In this chapter, I examine the empathic, transparent, psychologically considerate, and emotionally connected digital marketing strategies of tech- driven startups, wellness platforms, and healthcare innovators. It conceptualizes the integration of digital health with entrepreneurial innovation and patient psychology and offers insights and frameworks that view marketing as a form of engagement with compassion. It advocates that the integration of mental wellness with startup- driven digital innovation will transform global medical tourism into a more humane, sustainable, and trusted industry. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Tooling Evaluations and Reference Architectures for AI- Augmented Agile Project Management: Bridging Practice and Governance in Modern Delivery Organizations
Agile and DevOps practices are central to modern delivery organizations, yet the rapid proliferation of AI- augmented project management tools has created fragmented ecosystems that weaken transparency, governance, and value realization. Although AI copilots, predictive analytics, intelligent backlog management, and autonomous agents promise improved decision- making and delivery performance, their adoption has outpaced coherent evaluation frameworks and governance- aligned architectures. This chapter addresses this gap by proposing a structured approach to evaluating AI- powered Agile tools and designing reference architectures that support responsible human-AI collaboration. Drawing on multi- criteria decision- making models, Agile and DevOps metrics, AI capability theory, and MLOps/LLMOps principles, the chapter integrates technical, organizational, and ethical dimensions. Cross- industry cases illustrate how governance- by- design enhances agility, value creation, and trust in AI- augmented Agile delivery. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Human-Centered Insights Into ChatGPT in General Education: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Scopus Publications
Artificial intelligence has become the need of the hour with balancing technological advancement and the timeless values of critical thinking, creativity, and ethical learning. Educators and students looking for writing assistance, quick access to information, communicating with others, or developing their language skills will consider CharGPT to be the most useful tool. This chapter focuses on user per-spectives, attitudes and concerns towards CharGPT to essentially guide the ethical development. These trends reveal that ChatGPT has rapidly transitioned from a novel tool to a mainstream academic companion, making it imperative to investigate not just its technological potential but its human-centered implications for general education. This study was conducted through a mixed approach with a systematic analysis of Scopus published research. The authors also extracted Scopus published data and analyzed it using NVivo and VOS viewer software. The sentiment analysis proved that the maximum number of studies affirmed positivity emphasizing the wider acceptance of Chat GPT. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Accessibility, Diversity, and Inclusion in the Digitally Transformed University
This chapter, as per the authors, investigates the critical dimensions of accessibility, diversity, and inclusion in the context of digitally transformed higher education institutions. It presents a comprehensive review of theoretical frameworks such as universal design and social equity, followed by practical implementation models that highlight inclusive pedagogy, adaptive technologies, and administrational best practices. The chapter addresses persistent challenges including digital divides and ethical considerations of Al-driven systems, while also forecasting future trends in sustainable, culturally responsive smart campuses. Through a synthesis of global case studies and policy insights, the chapter offers actionable strategies for building equitable and inclusive digital learning environments that foster participation and success among diverse learner populations. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
The Legal Architecture of Energy Diplomacy: India-China Pathways Toward Green Governance and Sustainable Transitions
This chapter explores the evolving legal architecture of energy diplomacy through a comparative lens on India and China, focusing on how both states navigate the intersection of foreign policy, sustainability obligations, and clean technology governance. Drawing on a systematic review and thematic content analysis, it examines how both states navigate this intersection. It shows that energy diplomacy has shifted from a geopolitical tool to a legal and technological instrument shaping national and transnational green transitions. The analysis synthesizes treaty law, national frameworks, and case law to reveal gaps and convergence in climate accountability, technology transfer, and environmental justice. This chapter proposes Green Law Diplomacy as a normative pillar of international governance, advocating for binding legal mechanisms over voluntary climate pledges to ensure equitable and sustainable transitions. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Revisiting Environmental Security and Climate Justice: A Human Security Perspective
A healthy and secure environment is essential to the survival of all living beings. Human interactions as individuals, social beings, and economic agents depend on the ecosystem. However, humans brutally exploited the ecosystem beyond its regenerating capacity, causing severe damage to environmental sustainability. This chapter employs a systematic review and thematic content analysis. The finding shows that humans profit-oriented and egoistic interests caused unparalleled damage to nature, resulting in global warming, biodiversity loss, and anthropogenic climate change. Such a precarious situation compelled global leaders to prioritize environmental security primarily through the 1987 sustainable development paradigm. In this regard, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) introduced the human security paradigm in 1994 as a broader framework, encompassing environmental security as its core category. Both Millennium and Sustainable Development Goals echo the spirit of human securitys people-centered approach. From this perspective, this chapter critically revisits environmental security and climate justice through the lens of the human security paradigm. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Collaborative Ventures Between Public and Private Sectors in Technology and Sustainability
Governance models are needed in this age when climate change, resource depletion, and environmental degradation are now accelerating the pace of life. This chapter is a systematic review method using thematic-content analysis, in reality, critically analyzes public-private collaborative ventures as public-private partnership (PPP) matters, positioning them as the device to connect government policy frameworks with private sector technological expertise and investment capacity. With renewable energy and waste management, among other low-carbon technology applications, coupled with much public ground governance, one finds PPPs at the interface be-tween technology policy and a green governance agenda. The chapter delves into the dynamics of government factors, barriers, and replicable strategies. It applies them here using the case-study methodology of the Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Project and the Indore Smart City waste management initiative. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Climate Risk, Commodity Prices, and Sectoral Dynamics in Indian Financial Markets: A Systematic Literature Review
According to the authors, this chapter provides a comprehensive review of more than the last twenty years empirical research on the relationship between commodity prices, sectoral stock indices and climate change induced financial risk in India. The chapter discusses the historical evolution of analytical techniques from simple linear econometric analysis to more recent machine learning algorithms by integrating 67 articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2025 using the PRISMA methodology. Key thematic results are large transmission effects of volatility between commodities and from these to sectoral markets, varying sectoral sensitivities to climate stress, and new trends in fintech and ESG commodity trading. Issues in climate risk integration, data innovation and policy frameworks are highlighted in the chapter. It provides a sound basis for climate-f riendly financial strategies to help develop more resilient and sustainable capital markets in India. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Climate Risk, Commodity Prices, and Sectoral Dynamics in Indian Financial Markets: A Systematic Literature Review
According to the authors, this chapter provides a comprehensive review of more than the last twenty years empirical research on the relationship between commodity prices, sectoral stock indices and climate change induced financial risk in India. The chapter discusses the historical evolution of analytical techniques from simple linear econometric analysis to more recent machine learning algorithms by integrating 67 articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2025 using the PRISMA methodology. Key thematic results are large transmission effects of volatility between commodities and from these to sectoral markets, varying sectoral sensitivities to climate stress, and new trends in fintech and ESG commodity trading. Issues in climate risk integration, data innovation and policy frameworks are highlighted in the chapter. It provides a sound basis for climate-f riendly financial strategies to help develop more resilient and sustainable capital markets in India. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Impacts of Climate Risk and Energy Consumption on Financial Markets: Commodity and Sovereign Shocks in Resource Nations
In this paper, we combined both academic and professional lenses to assess the impact of commodity price shocks and geopolitical uncertainty on sovereign country default risk, fiscal capacity, and financial instability in Commodity Exporting Countries. It uses an interdisciplinary framework with emphasis in international finance, political economy, risk management, and public policy to examines how external shocks, such as geopolitical uncertainty, reinforce sovereign risk and reduce fiscal sustainability. The chapter utilizes a PRISMA-based systematic review of the literature which draws from multiple databases to identify channels through which geopolitical uncertainty leads to price and volatility shocks, increased debt spreads, and reduced fiscal space. By bringing together supports from the disciplines of economics, finance and governance, the chapter calls attention to structural vulnerabilities to export-based economies, as well as policy reforms that reflect adaptive public policy practices. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Application of SWOT And Breakeven Analysis in Strategic Decision-Making: A Quantitative Approach
This chapter investigates the extent to which the conjunction of SWOT analysis and quantitative analysis (such as breakeven analysis) enhances the quality of strategic decision-making. In addition to the usual limitations of a qualitative SWOT analysis, the paper embraces financial feasibility tools and promotes a multi-criteria decisionmaking approach. After a brief initial chapter noting the rationale for combining qualitative and quantitative analyses in the strategic planning process, the chapter continues with the theoretical foundation relating to strategic decision-making models (including SWOT, breakeven analysis, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Hybrid SWOT-AHP, and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). A casestudy approach with examples from both the private and public sectors illustrates the practical application of these tools through numerical data tables, breakeven calculations, and decision matrices. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
The Impact of User-Generated Content on Business Performance:Strategic Insights for Hospitality in the Social Media Era
This chapter focuses on how user-generated content (UGC) has a significant effect on the business of the hospitality industry. The chapter delves into the extent to which online reviews, social media posts, and other consumer-generated content influence brand perception, customer trust, and, eventually, the financial results. By utilizing theories such as signalling theory, network effects, and social influence, the chapter sees UGC as not only feedback but also a strategic marketing tool. The chapter talks about research results, case studies from around the world and India, and also mentions Al and sentiment analysis as tools for reputation monitoring and management. Lastly, it considers ethical and governance issues and provides a set of practical strategies for hospitality firms to use UGC for innovation, customer engagement, and achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Click, Pay, Sustain: The Emergence of Green Digital Payment Systems Within ESG Frameworks
Digital payment systems have become central to contemporary financial infrastructures, yet their contribution to sustainability and ESG outcomes remains conceptually fragmented. This study develops an integrative framework explaining how FinTech innovations shape sustainability in digital payment ecosystems. Drawing on a structured thematic analysis of academic and policy literature, the paper proposes the FinTech InnovationPerformanceAnalyticsESG (FIPAE) Framework, which positions technological innovation as a driver mediated by organisational performance and analytical capacities. The framework clarifies pathways linking digital paymentinnovation to environmentalresponsibility, governance compliance, and social impact, offering a foundation for future empirical research and policy-oriented analysis. Copyright 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Green IT and Sustainable Digital Governance: Balancing Digital Transformation With Ecological Stewardship
The chapter is concerned with the Green IT model- ethical environmental considerations are met with technology to reduce the environmental footprint of information systems. It is informed by such frameworks as COBIT, ITIL, ISO 14001, and ESG and dedicated to sustainable governance through virtualization, renewable integration, circular hardware, and responsible disposal. The IT operations will be more transparent, efficient, and real-time monitoring of the environment thanks to the new technologies of AI, IoT, and blockchain. It is proved using the case studies of Microsoft, Google, AWS and Dell in which global leaders are seeking to grow digitally and reduce carbon emissions and the circular economy. Despite this, the obstacles that organizations go through are very expensive costs of implementation, old infrastructure and policy fragmentation. Another observation made in the chapter is that effective implementation of Green IT should be accompanied with harmonised governance, policy incentives and organisational culture shift towards accountability. Copyright 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Fair and Inclusive Customer Segmentation in AI- Driven Marketing
This chapter explains how artificial intelligence has evolved customer segmentation from a marketing tool into a socio- technical decision mechanism with implications for fairness, inclusion, and cultural representation. In the chapter, algorithmic segmentation is analyzed using clustering methods, explainable frameworks such as LIME and SHAP, and fairness metrics to identify or alleviate structural bias in multicultural markets. It discusses accuracy fairness trade- offs, transparency, emotional trust, and organizational capability gaps, especially when segmentation outputs flow into generative AI driven personalization. Through case studies on multicultural targeting, AI sales agents, misinformation flows, and exclusion in finance, employment, and welfare, the authors show how segmentation systems affect society. The chapter concludes with strategic, ethical, and policy recommendations for responsible, inclusive AI marketing grounded in fairness aware segmentation. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Equity by Design: Embedding DEI Into AI- Enhanced Marketing Tools
In a time when artificial intelligence redefines marketing practice pillars, the concern is not innovation but conscience- driven innovation. While AI tools promise unmatched precision in reaching customers, segmenting, and budgeting, they carry a silent danger of deepening existing disparities, if they were to be unleashed without caution. This article advocates for the practice of Equity by Design, and it insists that Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) must be made a part of the actual design of AI- driven marketing systems. By borrowing cross- disciplinary insights from finance, organizational ethics, and digital strategy, the case is argued through illustrations of how equitable design cuts down on algorithmic bias, expands financial service access to marginalized communities, and enhances consumer trust in a more data- driven market. Beyond compliance or corporate social responsibility, embedding DEI in AI is a competitive strategy, attaching ethical obligation to long- term brand worth, sustainable growth, and global competitiveness in the digital economy. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.