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A note on perfect lucky k-colourable graphs
This paper presents the notion of perfect Lucky k-colouring. Basic conditions for a perfect Lucky k-colourable graph are presented. Application thereof is then presented by obtaining the Lucky 4-polynomials for all connected graphs G on six vertices with ten edges. The chromatic number of these connected graphs is ?(G) = 3 or 4. For k = max{?(G): 3 or 4g = 4, it is possible to find Lucky 4-polynomials for all graphs on six vertices and ten edges. The methodology improves substantially on the fundamental methodology such that, vertex partitions begin with Lucky partition forms immediately. Finally, further problems for research related to this study are presented. 2020, International Scientific Research Publications. All rights reserved. -
Stirling number of the fourth kind and Lucky partitions of a finite set
The concept of Lucky k-polynomials and in particular Lucky ?polynomials was recently introduced. This paper introduces Stirling number of the fourth kind and Lucky partitions of a finite set in order to determine either the Lucky k- or Lucky ?-polynomial of a graph. The integer partitions influence Stirling partitions of the second kind. 2021 Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. -
Ranjith cinemas - An episteme that create discourse on class, caste and religion /
Films are an important form of mass communication in India today. Apart from being mode of entertainment, films also shape the ideology in the mind of viewers because cinema is an ideological apparatus by nature of its very seamlessness. The audience do not see how the cinema creates ideology it invisibly renders and naturalizes it. -
Memes as ensemble of illocutionary acts
As digital communication continues to shape discourse, memes have emerged as a potent tool for conveying messages. Previous studies on internet memes have focused on various aspects such as humor generation, speech acts, and political communication. Although there are studies on speech acts and memes, research specifically examining speech acts within subcultures is scarce. This paper aims to fill that gap by examining the illocutionary acts in political memes within a subculture. To understand how illocutionary acts function in memes, 50 political memes that appeared during the Kerala state assembly election were analyzed using the framework of speech acts. The analysis revealed that memes often contain multiple illocutionary acts. Additionally, it was observed that a single meme can encompass several illocutionary acts simultaneously. This study highlights the complexity and richness of political memes as a form of communication within subcultures, demonstrating how they can convey layered and multifaceted messages through the use of illocutionary acts. 2025 the author(s), -
Khaki on Screen: Understanding the Representation of Cops in Malayalam Cinema
[No abstract available] -
Memes as multimodal ensemble
Memes have now become a common medium of communication. There are multiple ways memes are considered in academia. Semiotics offers information on how the media and modes that memes consist of can be interpreted and how the characteristics of semiotic resources apply to memes. Drawing from a pool of memes collected during the Kerala assembly election in 2021, this research argues that certain memes need to be categorised as multimodal ensemble. Different modalities play different roles meaning construction, and they also collaborate with each other for a uniform purpose. By comparing existing memes defined in academia and multiple methodologies to analyse memes, the paper puts forth a framework to analyse memes. 2023 De Gruyter Mouton. All rights reserved. -
Khaki on Screen: Understanding the Representation of Cops in Malayalam Cinema
[No abstract available] -
Self-Care, burnout, and compassion fatigue in oncology professionals
Context: With the rising number of cancer cases in India, the stress levels of the treating team have increased. It has affected their self-care and made them susceptible to problems like burnout and compassion fatigue that adversely affect the quality of patient care. Aims: The aim of the study was to assess and compare the levels of burnout, compassion fatigue, and self-care in three groups of oncology professionals (clinical oncologists, nurses, and psychologists). Settings and Design: The study included 134 oncology professionals working in New Delhi, Bengaluru, and Mumbai. Methods and Material: Sociodemographic data sheet, Professional Quality of Life Scale V and Self-Care Assessment Worksheet were used. Statistical Analysis Used: Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U test, and Correlation Analysis. Results: The majority of the professionals reported moderate levels of burnout (60.4%) and compassion fatigue (56%). Oncology nurses reported an elevated risk as they scored significantly higher on these domains and had a lower degree of self-care. Interestingly, psychologists reported comparatively lower levels of burnout and compassion fatigue, despite the fact that they interact with the patients at a deeper level, looking after their psychological and emotional needs. Young age and a poor degree of self-care were identified as major risk factors. Conclusions: The moderate levels of burnout and compassion fatigue, though not severe, are a cause of concern and cannot be overlooked. The study highlights the need for self-care in this regard and suggests that individual and institutional level interventions, particularly for nurses and young professionals, would prove useful. 2020 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved. -
Hook-up culture among young Indian adults in Indian metropolitan cities
This study aimed to explore the existence of hook-up behaviour among emerging adults in the Indian metropolitan cities of Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata. The study used a survey design. The sexual behaviour subsection of the Sexual Behaviour Questionnaire was used to assess the frequency of the various types of hook-up behaviour. The results indicated that the participants frequency of hook-up behaviour was 55.13%. Overall hook-up behaviour was higher for males, whereas females reported the highest incidence of hook-up behaviour for kissing. Hook-up behaviour was highest for emerging adults living independently in apartments, followed by those living in paying guests/hostels and living with family. The findings provide evidence for a hook-up culture in Indian metropolitan cities. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Influence of Fiber Hybridization on the Mechanical Behavior of Kenaf-Sisal Epoxy Composites
The natural composites are widely preferred nowadays in versatile application due to easily degradable and moderate mechanical properties when compare to polymer matrix composites. The kenaf fiber are used as reinforcement in composites wherever high flexural strength and modulus is required whereas sisal fiber is preferred for tensile strength, impact and wear resistance. In our work hybrid composite comprising kenaf and sisal as reinforcement and epoxy as matrix is fabricated and its mechanical properties are explored and compared with the conventional composite fabricated using only kenaf or sisal as reinforcement. The hybrid composite shows excellent flexural strength but inferior tensile strength when compare to conventional composite. The failure of the specimens are investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this chapter detailed insight is presented for emphasizing the need for tailored fiber selection and processing to achieve optimal mechanical properties. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
IoT-Enabled Smart Breath Analyzer for Real-Time Monitoring of Ammonia, Alcohol, and VOC Biomarkers for Early Disease Detection
Real-time monitoring of breath biomarkers such as ammonia, alcohol, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is important for early disease diagnosis of metabolic and organ-related diseases. Traditional disease diagnosis techniques are invasive, time-consuming, expensive and not suitable for using in remote areas. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes the design and development of an IoT-based Smart Breath Analyzer for real-time monitoring and analysis of ammonia, alcohol, and volatile organic compounds (VOC) concentration present in exhaled human breath. The system consists of different kinds of gas sensors connected to an ESP32 microcontroller for measuring gas concentration, which is processed and sent to Blynk application via Wi-Fi for visualization and disease prediction. A trained machine learning model is used in the system which classifies biomarker patterns that may be associated with conditions such as kidney disorders, respiratory issues, or alcohol influence, based on literature-derived thresholds. The system is presented as a proof-of-concept screening tool rather than a clinical diagnostic solution. The results are showed on an OLED display and accessed via a mobile app developed using the Blynk IoT platform. This non-invasive, affordable, and scalable solution improves continuous health monitoring and early diagnosis. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
Application of the Taguchi method and RSM for process parameter optimization in AWSJ machining of CFRP composite-based orthopedic implants
Abrasive water suspension jet (AWSJ) machining on carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite-based orthopedic implants yielded insightful results based on experimental data and subsequent statistical validations. Underwater AWSJ cutting consistently outperformed free air cutting, with numerical findings demonstrating its superiority. For instance, at #100 abrasive size and 5 mm standoff distance (SOD), the material removal rate (MRR) peaked at 2.44 g/min with a kerf width of 0.89 mm and a surface roughness (SR) of 9.25 ?m. Notably, the increase in abrasive size correlated with higher MRR values, such as achieving 2.15 g/min at #120 grit and 3 mm SOD. Furthermore, optimization techniques like the Taguchi method and response surface methodology (RSM) were applied to refine machining parameters. These methodologies enhanced MRR, exemplified by achieving 2.10 g/min with #120 abrasive size and 5 mm SOD in underwater cutting conditions. The research explored the impact of key process parameters, namely, the speed, feed, and SOD on the MRR, kerf width, and SR in both free air cutting and underwater cutting conditions, which is one of the novel research endeavors in the domain of abrasive jet machining of composites. 2024 the author(s) -
Parent-Reported Severity of Autism and Parental Quality of Life: Mediating Role of Stress and Adjustment of Indian Parents
Parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often experience heightened emotional distress, difficulties in adjustment, and a compromised quality of life. While the severity of ASD symptoms has been consistently linked to these negative outcomes, the psychological mechanisms underlying these associations remain underexplored. The present study examines the mediating roles of parental stress and adjustment in the relationship between ASD severity and parental quality of life. A cross-sectional correlational study design was employed with 52 parents of children with ASD in Bengaluru, India. Participants completed standardised measures assessing ASD severity, parental stress, adjustment, and quality of life. Data was analysed using Pearsons correlations and mediation analysis with SmartPLS, and ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection. Findings indicate that greater parent-reportASD severity is associated with increased parental stress and adjustment difficulties, while higher stress and poorer adjustment are linked to lower QoL. Mediation analysis demonstrated that parental stress significantly mediated the relationship between ASD severity and QoL (? = ? 0.165, p =.035), whereas parental adjustment did not emerge as a significant mediator (? = ? 0.116, p =.165). The direct effect of parent-reportASD severity on QoL was non-significant (? = 0.108, p =.410). Additionally, parents reporting greater engagement in leisure activities showed higher QoL, highlighting the potential role of adaptive coping and self-care. These findings underscore parental stress as a key mechanism influencing parental well-being and suggest that interventions targeting stress management and leisure engagement may enhance QoL among parents of children with ASD. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature India Private Limited 2026. -
Earthquake and flood resilience through spatial Planning in the complex urban system
Urban Communities are exposed to different disaster risks. The paper aims at understanding the interrelation of spatial planning and the resilience of the urban communities for earthquakes and floods. Various spatial planning components were used to evaluate the community resilience to earthquake and flood in the city of Pune of Maharashtra state in India. It has been identified that spatial planning contributes to a greater extent in determining community resilience. Spatial planning results in differential resilience among communities. In the study area, economically weaker households are found to be more vulnerable to disaster risk due to their spatial locations and limited accessibility to share the resources. These factors are found to be contributing to reduced resilience in the city. 2022 The Authors -
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An Efficient Routing Strategy for Energy Management in Wireless Sensor Network Using Hybrid Routing Protocols
In these days, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) shows a huge impact on all appliances but one of the huge challenges in WSN is management of energy because the nodes in the network run with battery power. As the replacement of energy drained nodes is difficult, and frequent failure of links may occur and it incurs huge data loss. To avoid this issue the we proposed a Hybrid Krill Herd and Spider Monkey with Grid-Based Data Dissemination (HKHSM-GBDD) protocol with the Shortest Energy Resourceful Routing (SERR) mechanism to develop an efficient and better wireless communication channel. The presented HKHSM framework is utilized to classify malicious and energy drained nodes in earlier stage and to detect the link failure. Furthermore, the SERR mechanism is processed to recover the link and route maintenance. This novel proposed protocol has improved packet delivery ratio and energy consumption. It also enhances energy state of sensor nodes by mounting its lifetime and rerouting. Finally, the competence of the proposed mechanism is compared with existing works and it shows significant improvement over existing algorithms for the considered parameters. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Efficient Routing Strategies for Energy Management in Wireless Sensor Network
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) refers to a group of distributed sensors that are used to examine and record the physical circumstances of the environment and coordinate the collected data at the centre of the location. This WSN plays a significant role in providing the needs of routing protocols. One of the important aspects of routing protocol in accordance with Wireless Sensor Network is that they should be efficient in the consumption of energy and have a prolonged life for the network. In modern times, routing protocol, which is efficient in energy consumption, is used for Wireless Sensor Network. The routing protocol that is efficient in energy consumption is categorized into four main steps: CM Communication Model, Reliable Routing, Topology-Based Routing and NS Network Structure. The network structure can be further classified as flat/hierarchical. The communication model can be further classified as query, coherent/non-coherent, negotiation-based routing protocol system. The topology-based protocol can be further classified as mobile or location-based. Reliable routing can be further classified as QoS (Quality of service) or multiple-path based. A survey on routing protocol that is energy-efficient on Wireless Sensor Network has also been provided in this research. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022. -
Enhancing the energy efficiency for prolonging the network life time in multi-conditional multi-sensor based wireless sensor network
A wireless sensor network is one of the networks that is highly demanding by various real-time networking applications nowadays. A huge amount of sensor nodes is deployed in the network randomly and distributed. Most of the applications using wireless sensor network (WSN) are surveillance monitoring applications like a forest, home, healthcare, environment, and remote monitoring systems. Based on the application usage, the type of sensor, a number of sensor nodes are deployed in such a manner where the sensors can be used effectively. But the sensor nodes are restricted in the battery and sensing region. Thus, the battery of the sensor nodes is decreased based on the nodes function. The energy level of the sensor nodes highly affects the network lifetime. Improving the energy efficiency in WSN is one of the most important challenging tasks. Most of the earlier research works have proposed various methods, techniques, and routing protocols, but they are application dependent and as a common method. So, this paper is motivated to propose a Multi-Conditional Network Analysis (MCNA) framework for saving the energy level of the sensor nodes by reducing energy consumption. The MCNA framework involves two different clustering processes with cluster head selection, choosing the best nodes based on the signal strength, and the best route for data transmission. The data transmission is done by cluster based on source-destination based. The simulation results proved that the proposed MCNA framework outperforms the other existing methods. 2022 Northeastern University, China. -
