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The Women Leadership: A Catalytic Role of Digital Divide Through Digital Ecosystem
The digitalization of the macro environment of an organization and digital upskilling and digital capital formation in the micro level of human capital paves women an opportunity to ladder up in the organization in various job roles leading to women leadership. The sociodemographic, psychological, socioeconomic, and cultural factors to the digital divide predominantly determine digital capital formation. Every attempt of women to surpass the digital divide obstacle to digital capital formation enables women capital to leadership characteristics. The study proposes a conceptual framework by extricating the past scholarly works on digital divide, digital capital, technology leadership, and women leadership. The preferences and choices of women leading to leadership skills through technology by encapsulating digital capital formation are meritorious in the research inquiry. The individual factors and organization factors are taken to the moderating variables in the association of digital capital to the women leadership. The study finds the need of ICT and digital upskilling among the women professionals in industry and catalytic role of digital capital formation by surpassing the digital divide. The empirical study on the concept formulation is highly recommendable for the future study. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
The youth's way of personal branding as bookstagrammers
The Bookstagrammers use Instagram to post about their life as avid readers and regard themselves as social media influencers (SMIs) for books. Creating a personal brand helps influencers differentiate themselves from other users. Similarly, Bookstagrammers have made a place for themselves as book influencers in this growing SMI market. Since Bookstagrammers have the potential to influence the publishing industry's sales, creating a personal brand plays a significant role in their career as an influencer. Some Bookstagrammers have successfully created their personal brand by posting book-related and reader-centric content on Instagram and are followed by a niche audience of readers. This study conducted content analysis on India's two most popular Bookstagrammers, and discusses their personal branding strategies. The results showcase 8 broad categories of content shared by the Bookstagrammer that are mapped to three elements of personal branding: brand identity, brand positioning, and brand image, showing how social media fuels the youth's creativity to as SMIs. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Theories and Models in AIoT: Exploring economic, behavioral, technological, psychological, and organizational perspectives
AIoT, or artificial intelligence of things, is a transformative combination of artificial intelligence and the internet of things (IoT) that has far-reaching ramifications across multiple domains. This chapter examines the theories and models underlying its development and implementation. Businesses can assess the costs, benefits, and competitive advantages of AIoT by using economic models and market dynamics. Understanding human behaviour and trust is crucial for user acceptance, while ethical considerations underpin the development of accountable AIoT applications. Data management, security, and interoperability are technical facets that architectural frameworks address. The alignment of AIoT with human needs is enhanced by cognitive models and user experience, thereby fostering well-being. Change management and organizational learning are essential for effective implementation, which fosters innovation. AIoT promotes innovation and efficiency in manufacturing, healthcare, and smart cities. 2024 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Therapy recommendation based on level of depression using social media data
Social media is a massive platform with currently over 100 million registered users. It is a platform where individuals express themselves along with their interests. These expressions of individual can be used to identify their mental status. That being said, depression and anxiety are the dominant cause for illness and ill-health across the world. Studies show that users mental health can be predicted by their everyday use of language. This paper examines the tweets for analyzing the linguistic and behavioral features for classifying the levels of depression among the users. In order to classify the levels of depression, a knowledge base of the words that are associated with depression/anxiety has been created. The model evaluated this using simple text mining techniques to measure the mental health status of the users and provide appropriate recommendations. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2021. -
Thermoelectric effects in graphene
Graphene, owing to its unique electronic properties, has become one of the active areas of condensed matter research with promising applications in future efficient thermoelectric (TE) and energy storage devices. The present work reviews the status of thermoelectric power (TEP) of graphene systems, including single-layer, bilayer, and nanoribbons. The theory of TEP, based on the Boltzmann transport formalism in 2D systems, is given. An analysis of the experimental data, in terms of the diffusion and the phonon-drag contributions to TEP, with regard to the various scattering mechanisms operative in graphene systems, is presented. The outlook on TEP for better understanding of the TE properties of graphene is discussed. 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved. -
Thermoelectric effects in graphene
Graphene, owing to its unique electronic properties, has become one of the active areas of condensed matter research with promising applications in future efficient thermoelectric (TE) and energy storage devices. The present work reviews the status of thermoelectric power (TEP) of graphene systems, including single-layer, bilayer, and nanoribbons. The theory of TEP, based on the Boltzmann transport formalism in 2D systems, is given. An analysis of the experimental data, in terms of the diffusion and the phonon-drag contributions to TEP, with regard to the various scattering mechanisms operative in graphene systems, is presented. The outlook on TEP for better understanding of the TE properties of graphene is discussed. 2016 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC. -
Thermomechanical and viscoelastic properties of biodegradable and biocompatible polymer nanocomposites
Due to the ongoing depletion of fossil fuels, which have been the primary sources of monomers from which the vast majority of synthetic polymers are derived, biodegradable and biocompatible polymeric composites (BBPCs) have received a great deal of attention in recent years. The use of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers is expanding due to their ability to reduce toxic and nondegradable waste materials. Traditional polymers such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene are nonbiodegradable, making reuse and recycling difficult. As a result, massive amounts of nonbiodegradable waste are generated all over the world. Biodegradable polymers have been widely used in medical and packaging applications because they are typically made from renewable materials that biodegrade when discarded. Producing biodegradable composites with the addition of environmentally friendly nanofillers is increasingly being regarded as the next-generation materials for improving some of the properties and performance of biodegradable polymers. Despite growing interest in biodegradable and biocompatible polymer research, most studies focus on their preparation methodologies and characterization, with little attention paid to their thermo-mechanical and viscoelastic behavior. Thus, the potential of biodegradable and biocompatible polymer nanocomposites under various thermo-mechanical conditions, as well as their viscoelastic behavior, is reviewed in this chapter. 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Threats and security issues in smart city devices
The main objective of this chapter is to discuss various security and privacy issues in smart cities. The development of smart cities involves both the private and public sectors. The theoretical background is also discussed in future growth of smart city devices. Thus, the literature survey part discusses different smart devices and their working principle is elaborated. Cyber security and internet security play a major role in smart cities. The primary solution of smart city security issues is to find some encryption methods. The symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithm is analyzed and given some comparative statement. The final section discusses some possible ways to solve smart city security issues. This chapter showcases the security issues and solutions for smart city devices. 2022, IGI Global. -
Tools and framework for cyber-physical agricultural systems
The development of cyber-physical agricultural systems (CPASs) has created new opportunities for precision farming, sustainable food production, and efficient use of resources. CPAS leverages advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) to collect, analyze, and utilize data to improve farming practices. However, the implementation of CPAS requires the use of various tools and frameworks to ensure seamless integration and communication between different components of the system. One of the key tools for CPAS is sensors. This chapter focuses on key tools for CPAS, such as sensors that can collect data on environmental factors, including temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and nutrient levels, enabling farmers to monitor crop growth and identify issues. The use of drones equipped with cameras and sensors can provide a birds eye view of farmland, allowing farmers to detect issues that are difficult to detect otherwise. Frameworks such as the Open Platform Communication Unified Architecture (OPC-UA) provide a standardized approach to communication between different devices and systems in agricultural systems. OPC-UA enables secure and efficient data exchange between sensors, machines, and other components, enabling the integration of various tools and frameworks within CPAS. This framework ensures that different components of CPAS can communicate seamlessly, leading to more efficient and effective farming practices. Another critical framework for CPAS is the decision support system (DSS). DSS utilizes AI and ML algorithms to analyze data from various sources and provide recommendations to farmers. For example, DSS can provide guidance on crop selection, planting dates, irrigation schedules, and pest management. This framework can assist farmers in making informed decisions that can increase yield, reduce waste, and improve sustainability. 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Tools and technologies for the governance of knowledge management
Knowledge management is a consolidation of various endeavours and disciplines. This chapter assesses the space of knowledge management and examines the significance of running a successful business with an efficient management system. To have a smooth management in a company, all the employees in the company need to access all the required information, which may be comprised of documents, collaboration of teams, policies in various departments, etc. All of these require an efficient knowledge management system. A framework for characterising the various tools and techniques available to knowledge management practitioners are well explored in the chapter. 2022, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Topological insights into weather dynamics in the Indian context: An application of clustering and Mapper algorithm
Analysis of day-to-day weather patterns is critical and essential in daily life. Although traditional methods exist, in modern times, we have developed realistic and reliable methods to provide better insights and understanding of complex weather patterns for various surges, especially in these times of global warming. Implementing clustering and topological data analysis in this analysis has looked into a vast understanding of how regions with similar characteristics behave when weather changes occur due to heat, pressure, or wind-related phenomena. The classification model developed using Mapper analysis has produced 95.8% accuracy, concluding that weather follows a transient weather pattern due to various resources and how stagnant conditions affect transient weather patterns, causing rise in sub-clusters. Thus, fitting and interpreting newer models helps us understand weather analysis and classification. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Tourism business management and competitiveness: Intervention of inclusive practices and community based approach towards community empowerment
The travel, tourism, and hospitality industry is a rapidly evolving sector that contributes to the global economy effectively. Effective business management is crucial for success in this industry, as it requires a delicate balance of customer satisfaction, financial sustainability, and responsible practices. In this chapter, we delve into the key aspects of business management in the tourism industry and explore strategies for achieving sustainable growth and success. This chapter explores a multistakeholder perspective in examining the various facets of business engagement in an inclusive setting. The chapter is iterative, with a focus on the crisis management strategies adopted by the tourism business, to tackle the challenges that stakeholders face in a crisis situation. The study also examines case-lets from the hospitality operators. The chapter primarily endorses business management with coping strategies in a crisis management scenario to equip the stakeholders during disasterprone situations. Towards building a competitive and empowered community, a competency framework is proposed for speedy crisis management responses. The implications indicate the role of destinations, over internal strategies and strategy formulation. Paradoxical dilemmas towards inclusive engagement is clarified with dynamics to understand stakeholder engagement in the leisure industry with strategic and tactical perspectives adopted by a good destination governance. The allied and supplementary tourism industry practitioners in the hospitality sector portray business management and success in business through empowered communities with a tactical and strategic outlook. This indeed can reposition and rebrand tourism in the "New Normal" examined through case lets to address the success of inclusive engagement for community self-sufficiency and empowered teams. 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. -
Toward precision agriculture in Cyber-Physical Agricultural System
Agriculture 4.0 or Agri 4.0 is a newly developed system that consists of various digital technologies adapted from Industry 4.0 based on smart automation. Agriculture 4.0 is a subset of Industry 4.0 aimed at sustainable precision agriculture (PA) and increasing agricultural efficiency using digital technologies and the Internet of Things. The cyber-physical system (CPS) is the seamless integration of digital and physical domains and when CPS is applied in agriculture, it is termed cyber-physical agricultural system (CPAS). The application of CPS in carrying out PA with sustainable management of resources is termed Agri 4.0. Research papers are reviewed to understand the bigger picture behind various details of digital technologies and CPS with a focus on agriculture 4.0 and to determine its applications, challenges, and developments in the field. It is apparent that most of the small and marginal farms in remote areas are not able to use this technology due to a lack of knowledge and resources. It is the need of the hour to support these farmers by making favorable policies and appropriating budgets such that it will lead to more profitable and sustained PA and in the process contribute to the social and economic upliftment of farmers of India. 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Toward sustainability 4.0: A comprehensive analysis of sustainability in corporate environment
Sustainability is one of the key requirements for any business, and continuously changing business requirements and the environment are the main drivers of sustainable business practices. However, there exist gaps in recognizing and aligning these sustainable practices with everyday operational activities. This study's aim is to explore the current awareness level in business leaders and stakeholders about corporate responsibility toward sustainability and reflects on the obstacles encountered by them in diverse built environments, laying the groundwork for addressing these hurdles and contributing toward the overall sustainable development. The study has two major findings: the analysis revealed that there is a paradigm shift in the understanding of sustainability; in contrast to earlier publications, newer publications focus on technological advancements such as the use of "Green Building Information Management" and "Green Internet of Things" illustrating the real-time implications of sustainable practices. Further analysis found a knowledge gap that exists among business leaders in understanding the concept of sustainable development. This, in essence, poses a burden for corporate leaders to keep up with ongoing technological developments. The study concludes that to achieve sustainable growth, leadership in the corporate environment needs a 360-degree view of sustainability, allowing them to assign equal value to the environment, social, and economic pillars of sustainability to address the current issues leveraging from the state-of-the-art technological innovations. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved. -
Towards a culturally-informed counselling and psychotherapy
Indigenizing health psychological practices in the background of cultural diversity in India needs to address the tremendous resources of healing practices embedded in the Indian traditions. Looking for cultural imprints in mental health has received attention among academicians and researchers in the last two decades significantly. Teaching, training and practice of counseling and psychotherapy has also greatly been benefitted and progressed eventually. Several academic and research initiatives have been taken to build a culturally informed counseling and psychotherapy in India. There is need to internalize cultural differences and incorporating them consciously in the training and practice of therapy. A cultural sensitive approach in counseling and psychotherapy is mindful of the observance of a community-oriented perspective. Springer (India) Pvt. Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2018. -
Towards connected government services: A cloud software engineering framework
Cloud computing technologies are being used highly successfully in large-scale businesses. Therefore, it is useful for governments to adopt cloud-driven multi-channel, and multiple devices to offer their services such as e-tax, e-vote, e-health, etc. Since these applications require open, flexible, interoperable, collaborative, and integrated architecture, service-oriented architecture approach can be usefully adopted to achieve flexibility and multi-platform and multi-channel integration. However, its adoption needs to be systematic, secure, and privacy-driven. In this context, micro services architecture (MSA), a direct offshoot of SOA, is also a highly attractive mechanism for building and deploying enterprise-scale applications. This chapter proposes a systematic framework for cloud e-government services based on the cloud software engineering approach and suggests a cloud adoption model for e-government, leveraging the benefits of MSA patterns. The proposed model is based on a set of evaluated application characteristics that, in turn, support emerging IT-based technologies. 2021 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Towards sustainable business: Review of sentiment analysis to promote business and well-being
Sustainability in business is expected considering the growth in the long run. Sustainable development goals are important for our sustainability on this planet. In case of a business, it is essential to ensure sustainable processes and sustainability of the existing customers. Sustainable customers can in turn contribute to improving the process by providing constructive suggestions to the business. This paper is an attempt to review sentiment analysis techniques to improve the customer experience of a business. 2024 Srinesh Thakur, Anvita Electronics, 16-11-762, Vijetha Golden Empire, Hyderabad. -
Toxic text classification
The users of the Internet increase every moment with increasing population and accessibility of the Internet. With the increase in the number of users of the Internet, the number of controversies, arguments and abuses of all kinds increases. It becomes necessary for social media and other sites to identify toxic content amongst a large number of content being posted by the users of the sites every second. The traditional algorithms that depend on users reporting toxic content for it to be deleted and necessary actions to be taken against the users posting the content would take a long time, within which it would have gained media attention and would have lead to huge fights over the content. Thus, it becomes important for the content to be evaluated for toxicity at the time it is posted in order to stop it from being posted. Therefore, we have designed and trained a deep learning model that can be read through the textual content given through it and determine if it is toxic or not. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2021. -
Tracing the impact of social media on social cognition: Bibliometric analysis
The words "misinformation, " "fake news, " and "post-truth" have filled social media posts. It is a serious social threat, especially post COVID-19. In this chapter, the authors provide bibliometric analysis of research on social media and its impact on social cognition. This can be useful for identifying gaps for future research in the field. Publication data was obtained from the Web of Science database using a search algorithm. A total of 22,935 articles were extracted, and 22,909 eligible articles were included for analysis. Document co-citation analysis revealed that themes on social engagement, fake news, problematic social media use, and healthcare emerged as trends on shaping the social cognition through social media. Further, India achieved 9th position on the list based on citations and 8th on centrality and did not appear on any of the top-10 lists based on Burst value and Sigma. This indicates that neither sudden trend-setting articles nor scientific novelty-based articles have been published in this domain thus far. There is a considerable research gap in India to counter misinformation. 2024, IGI Global. -
Trade in renewable energy technologies: A comparison of India and China
[No abstract available]