Browse Items (2150 total)
Sort by:
-
GPR based subsurface geotechnical exploration
The Seismic refraction technique (SRT) and Electrical resistivity technique (ERT) have long been in use in geotechnical exploration. A relatively recent technique is Ground penetrating radar (GPR). The study presented in this paper is on GPR-aided geotechnical subsurface exploration. The usual method of exploration is drilling, which gives much-needed site-specific information, but is expensive and restricted to a few point locations. The possibilities of non-invasive investigation offered by GPR make it useful for supplementing geotechnical investigations. The present work describes GPR survey at a construction site in Mumbai. The objective was to derive subsurface logs from GPR signals. Conventionally, subsurface logging is done using boreholes. First, the extracted soil and rock samples are examined visually. Second, additional information such as Core recovery ratios (CRR), Rock quality designation (RQD) and Standard penetration test (SPT) N values are collected and strata are demarcated. In comparison, the amplitude variations of GPR signals may not correspond directly to variations of these physical properties with depth. However, the study shows that fairly good correlations do exist with the subsurface stratification and transformed signals. -
Grading of Apples Using Multiple Features
Apple is the most demanding food product that has the utmost importance when it comes to drupes. Food is the very basic necessity for our survival. Every new day brings a change, and the demand for a better quality is no greed. Quality food benefits the health of the living beings, and thus, it increases the economic growth of our country. There is a huge possibility that identifying the different varieties of apples is quite a tedious job for these traders and time consuming. Generally, identification is done manually by the very three basic senses: sight, hearing and smell. In the proposed work, an image processing technique is used to differentiate between the varieties of apples such that the manual process can be eliminated. Commercially available seven varieties of apple with various size, shape and color are considered to create database. Apples are purchased from different places across Karnataka, India to create the database. Various spatial and frequency domain based features are extracted from the images of apple. Naive Bayes, Random Forest and Multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifiers are used and got motivating results. An average accuracy of 78.47% is obtained using methods like Fourier Transform and Discrete Cosine Transform. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Grading of Red Chilli, Cardamom and Coriander Using Image Processing
Indian cuisine is known for its wide range of spices. Spices are known as the heart and soul of Indian food. Traditionally, categories are identified based on certain chemical technology or with the help of senses gifted to mankind. In this paper, an image processing technique used to extract multiple features is presented to determine the various categories of spices consumed. This proposed work uses different varieties of common Indian spices such as Capsicum annuum (dry red chilli), Elettaria cardamomum (cardamom) and Coriandrum Sativum (coriander). While creating the image dataset, different categories of all spices were taken from southern region of India. Features are extracted from the manually created image dataset, which forms the base for classification. The result obtained using Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Naive Bayes and Random Forest classifier is found to be optimal. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Graph theory in security, utility, aesthetics and affordability
The theory of Domination in graphs is used in security systems. Landscaping uses planarity and crossing number. In layout designs, hamiltoincity is regulalry used. Edge-weighted graphs and Max-Flow Min-Cut models are also discussed in this paper. 2023 Author(s). -
Graphene doped spray dried ceramic nano oxides for high capacity battery electrodes
Electric vehicles or portable electronic devices have come to rely heavily upon electrochemical devices, such as rechargeable batteries with optimum charge discharge characteristics, current ratings, charge-discharge rate (rate capability), cyclability etc. to perform under the expected service conditions. One of the goals of a rechargeable battery materials researcher is to fabricate materials to realize solid-state batteries with high reliability and lithium-air batteries with ultimate capacities. Most of the materials although possess high theoretical energy density values: invariably suffer from inferior cyclic performance. The performance of these batteries is guided by the electrodes within these devices which in turn depend upon the materials used to fabricate them. Chemical composition and its uniformity, consistency in microstructural features, and adequate choice of various layers that may be in the form of coatings to be overlaid on the base materials mostly comprised of ceramic oxides such as oxides of Li doped with niobates, manganates, vanadate etc. with carbon or graphene coated over layers to provide with the suitable interfacial conductivity as electrode materials in Li-ion batteries. The interfacial layers and the mechanism of interfacial phenomena encompassing the grains play a significant role in determining the performance. Optimum microstructure is obtained by choosing the right processing equipment and spray drying the composition in slurry form provides the most optimum solution. Further, spray drying offers high potential for a transfer from a lab scale technology to industrial level extrapolation. In this paper, nano graphene has been spray dried along with nano alumina grains in water media and polyvinyl alcohol binder to ascertain the free flowability, consistency in formation of graphene over layer on alumina grains as well as uniformity in graphene on alumina composition. The free flowing spray dried graphene coated alumina powders were analysed via SEM, EDS and XRD and results are presented. Additional information based on a review conducted on published information on most popular compositions in terms of electrode materials such as in Li-ion, sodium-ion etc have also been included. In the review section the rapidly increasing literature on spray drying of solutions and suspensions are also included. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. -
Gravity modulation effect on ferromagnetic convection in a Darcy-Brinkman layer of porous medium
The influence of a timedependent body force on the threshold of convective instability in a magnetic fluid filled horizontal porous layer is investigated. The gravity modulation effect is treated by employing a perturbation method. The correction Rayleigh number is computedas a function of the modulation frequency, porous and magnetic parameters. It is expounded that, for small and reasonable values of the modulation frequency, gravity modulation and magnetic mechanism have opposing influence on the stability. The study further explicates that, when the gravity modulation frequency increases beyond all bounds, manifestation of the disappearance of the magnetic and porous medium effects on the stability is highly likely. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. -
Green and Sustainable Software Model for IT Enterprises
The present study is based on developing a Green and Sustainable software because in the present-day computing devices are used for all kinds of purposes and they consume a lot of energy to perform these services. The ICT sector itself consumes a lot of energy so there is a need to think of alternatives that can reduce the level of energy consumption, thus, green ICT practice can be a good option. There is, however, a scarcity of researches that explains how the maintenance of green knowledge in ICT software development may be implemented. Since we recognize that software development process (SDL) plays an essential role in enabling the ICT community, uncontrolled green knowledge in developing software that would lead to the dilemma of failing to satisfy both the community's business and environmental requirements. Therefore, this research will concentrate on presenting a methodology applying an innovative model for managing the green software development and implementation. Keeping this concern in mind the present paper is going to provide a Green and Sustainable software model which can be used in green ICT practices and will be helpful in reducing the energy consumption used by computers. 2021 IEEE. -
Green Innovation for Sustainable Development
In recent years, organisations have notably taken up Green Innovation for sustainable development to maintain the customer base and keep the natural environment safe. Consumers are aware of the current environmental issues, such as global warming and the consequence of environmental pollution. As a result, organisations are demanding to craft green strategies and embryonic to advance holistic methods towards maximising shareholders' values. This paper attempts to provide valuable insights into the going green concepts and their association with the value creation in the automobile industry regarding the e-vehicle by examining the effects of green innovations in Mahindra Electric Mobility Limited, India towards the launching of Mahindra e2oPlus on the Reva platform. Furthermore, the authors analyse the performance of this innovation on the organisational financial performance with the help of event study methodology. 2022 IET Conference Proceedings. All rights reserved. -
Green Orientation and Customer-Based Brand Equity in FMCG Industry in India
In the recent years, the idea of green-oriented approach gained traction in both academic research as well as corporate research. Companies are now able to identify the long-term benefits of being responsible towards the environment. This paper attempted to understand the relationship between green-orientation of a brand, antecedents of customer based brand equity namely of Aaker's Model with respect to the FMCG Industry in India. Data was collected from 207 FMCG product consumers from India above the age of 18. Person's correlation coefficient and Multiple Linear Regression were calculated to ascertain the relationship between green orientation and the antecedents of CBBE. It was found that Brand Loyalty was the most significant on CBBE whereas Brand Association was the least. The results of this research would be helpful for the brands to take decisions accordingly as it may act as an incentive to be more innovative towards sustainable ways of operating. The Electrochemical Society -
Green Synthesized Fluorescent Nano-Carbon derived from Indigofera Tinctora (L.) leaf extract for sensing of Pb2+ ions
Plant-based synthesis of nanomaterials is a more reliable method since it is easy, quick, and environmentally friendly, and it does not require any specific conditions, unlike other methods. For the first time, we report the sensing of metal ions using a fluorescent nano-carbon material via a plant-based synthesis from the medicinal plant, Indigofera Tinctora (L.) (IBLH). This nanomaterial from the leaf extract of IBLH was synthesized by hydrothermal assisted green synthesis method. The as-synthesized sample was characterized by various spectroscopic techniques for confirming the formation of nano-carbon material. Optical studies revealed that IBLH was influential in determining toxic heavy metal ions (Pb2+). Detection of Pb2+ was observed from a range of 1 Molar to as low as 1Nano-Molar using IBLH as the probe. Stern-Volmer plot exhibits the progressive detection of the metal ion, proving that the IBLH nano-carbon material is capable of progressive sensing of various heavy metal ions. The Electrochemical Society -
Ground Truncated Broadband Slotted Circular Microstrip Antenna
In this growing era of wireless technology, large sized devices have become obsolete. In response to the increasing demand for miniaturization over the past decades, microstrip antennas have drawn attention due to its various features like light weight, low cost, small in size and its greater resistivity to shock and vibrations. These can also easily get conformed to any surface. These antennas are also capable of operating at high frequencies, providing large bandwidth and gain by using various techniques slots and truncation of shapes. This report describes the design, simulation, fabrication and measurement results of a microstrip fed Slotted Circular Microstrip Antenna for broadband applications. The antenna was designed for an operating frequency of 2.45 GHz on a double side printed FR4 substrate measuring 55 mm x 55 mm x 1.6 mm with ?r of 4.4. It measured a very large resonant band of 1.3 - 9.05 GHz at a return loss level as low as -36.5 dB at 7.98 GHz. A maximum gain of 2.46 dB was achieved at 2.33 GHz. The enhancement in bandwidth was achieved by truncation in ground and inclusion of thin circular slot. The HFSS version 18.2 software and VNA model Anritsu SA20E were used for simulation and measurement respectively. It is found that the simulation and measurement results agree. 2018 IEEE. -
Growth and characterization of chalcogenide crystals by vapour method
A horizontal linear gradient two zone furnace was designed and employed to grow single crystals of indium telluride by Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) method. It was calibrated for various trials including, series and parallel combinations of coils, and set temperatures. Systematic growth runs for chalcogenide crystals were performed by varying the source and growth temperatures. Crystals of different sizes and morphologies were obtained. The morphology and chemical analysis of the grown crystals were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Analysis using X-rays (EDAX). The hardness of the crystals was estimated using a Vickers microhardness tester. 2011 American Institute of Physics. -
Growth and characterization of glycine potassium nitrate NLO crystals
Single crystals of glycine potassium nitrate were grown using slow evaporation technique. The solutions were prepared mixing glycine with potassium nitrate in different ratios stirring continuously for an hour to get a saturated solution. It was then kept at room temperature for controlled evaporation. Optically clear and well shaped crystals were obtained and these were characterized by (FTIR) studies, EDAX and X-ray powder diffraction. 2011 American Institute of Physics. -
Growth of cerium oxide nanorods by hydrothermal method and electrochromic properties of CeO2/WO3 hybrid thin films for smart window applications
Innovative electrochromogenic nanomaterials such as composite materials and also hybrid films can improve electrochromic performance, because of their potential application qualities in electronic, low-power screens, automotive anti-reflect mirrors, and smart windows. In this study, we used a hydrothermal method to used grow the CeO2 nanorods both with and without HCl added to the solution. And also, DC magnetron sputtering was used to deposit the tungsten oxide films on the cerium oxide nanorods. The surface plasmon effect changes with the size of CeO2 Nanorods, and this phenomenon influences electrochromic outcomes. The electrochromic characteristics of CeO2/WO3 nanostructures on FTO-coated glass are examined in the visible spectrum to use a 0.5 M concentration of H2SO4 as such electrolyte. At 600 nm, these structures produce significant optical modulation (50 %) and coloring efficiency (11.60 cm2/C at 700 nm). 2022 -
Growth of online social networking and artificial intelligence in digital domain
In this millennium years of technology, machinery is evolving daily. There is plethora of things being affected by this evolution. One of which is our practices of social networking which is largely veering to the internet. Internet social networking has become one of the biggest buzzwords. From a child to an old person, everyone is on these social networking sites and applications. Within the span of 5 to 10 years these so-called Internet social networking sites and applications have taken over the real social gathering or meetings. Now with single click you can buy or sell goods and services at any place and any time. People can connect to one another even when far from home. The pandemic times and demonetization are the two instances that made everyone switch to and accustomed to the aspects of social networking. In the particular research paper, the researcher will put forth how data privacy and security is one of the biggest concerns in this social networking. Secondly, the researcher will understand the role of Artificial Intelligence in Online Social networking and whether it is helpful or not. 2023 Author(s). -
Growth Of ZnSnN2 Semiconductor Films For Gas Sensor Applications
ZnSnN2 is a member of class of nitride semiconductors which have the additional benefits of earth abundance and non-toxicity. For device applications, NH3 gas detecting senor, which finds use in chemical, pharmaceutical, and food process industries, are fabricated with zinc-tin-nitride (ZnSnN2) thin-films on glass substrate by making use of metal as contacts. The ZnSnN2 sensor is found extremely selective to ammonia (NH3) amongst other gases like ethanol, NO2, H2S and exhibited good detecting responses at room temperature. There are many ways to develop thin films of ZnSnN2, and hence in this work we are trying to find a cost effective, feasible and easier method of synthesis, i.e., chemical vapor deposition method. The first step was the optimization of process parameters to grow Zinc-Tin (ZnSn) thin-films. Later, optimization of the process parameters for the growth of compound ZnSnN2 was completed. The grown films are characterized by material quality using X-Ray Diffraction and UV- Vis spectroscopy. 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved. -
GUI-Based Percentage Analysis forCuring Breast Cancer Survivors
The modeling approach is increasing the intensity of research in all the domains. The present paper deals with predictive modeling and probabilities. Data analysis is a technique used to transform, reconstruct, and revise some information that is an essential step to achieve the goal or the end result. The present study involves the usage of logistic regression technique for data analysis. Various domain-specific methods pertaining to science, business, etc., are available for data analysis which plays a key role in decision-making and model building. The significance of this analysis is to get the percentage of the survival of patients with advanced breast cancer. 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
GWebPositionRank: Unsupervised Graph and Web-based Keyphrase Extraction form BERT Embeddings
Automatic keyphrase extraction is considered a preliminary task in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications that attempt to extract the descriptive phrases representing the main content of a document. Owing to the need for a large amount of labelled training data, an unsupervised approach is highly appropriate for keyphrase extraction and ranking. Keyphrase Extraction with BERT Transformers (KeyBERT) leverages the BERT embeddings that utilize the cosine similarity to rank the candidate keyphrases. However, extracting keyphrases based on the fundamental cosine similarity measure does not consider the spatial dimension locally and globally. Hence, this work focuses on enhancing the KeyBERT-based method with a Graph-based WebPositionRank (GWebPositionRank) design. The proposed unsupervised GWebPositionRank is the composition of graph-based ranking, referring to local analysis and web-based ranking, referring to the global analysis. To spatially examine the keyphrases, the proposed approach conducts the keyphrase position analysis at the document level through graph-based ranking and the web level using the WebPositionRank algorithm. Initially, the proposed approach extracts the coarse-grained keyphrases from the KeyBERT model and ranks the extracted keyphrases, the modelling of quality and fine-tuned keyphrases. In the GWebPositionRank method, the quality keyphrase ranking involves the document-level position analysis and four different graph centrality measures in a constructed textual graph for each text document, whereas the fine-tuned keyphrase ranking involves the web-level position analysis and diversity computation for the quality keyphrases extracted from the graph-based ranking method. Thus, the proposed approach extracts a set of potential keyphrases for each document through the advantage of the GWebPositionRank algorithm. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed unsupervised algorithm yielded superior results than the comparative baseline models while testing on the SemEval2017 dataset. 2024 IEEE. -
Hand Sign Recognition to Structured Sentences
Computer vision is not just a concept of deep learning; it has wide applications such as motion recognition, object recognition, video indexing, video media understanding, and recognition-based intelligence. -However, vision-based systems are a challenging field for research and accurate results. Recent areas of interest are human action recognition or human hands gesture recognition techniques using video data set, still, an image data set, spatiotemporal methods, features in RGB, deep learning methods. Hand action recognition has applications such as communication systems to shorten the bridge gap for people with speech disabilities by using a vision-based system to recognize hand sign language and convert it to text, forming structured sentences which will be easy to understand and communicate. 2023 IEEE. -
Handwritten Character Recognition of MODI Script using Convolutional Neural Network Based Feature Extraction Method and Support Vector Machine Classifier
Deep learning based algorithms are used in various pattern recognition tasks, including character recognition. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is effectively implemented for character recognition and is one of the best performing deep learning models. CNN can be used for character recognition directly or it can be used for extracting features in the character recognition process. Implementation of a feature extraction method using CNN autoencoder for MODI script character recognition is discussed in the paper. The extracted features are then subjected to Support Vector Machine (SVM) for the purpose of classification. The On-the-fly data augmentation method is used to add variability and generalization of the data set. MODI Script is an ancient Indian script and was used for writing Marathi until 1950. Various libraries and temples in India and abroad have a large collection of MODI documents. Character recognition related research of MODI script is still in infancy and research and development is necessary to extract the information from MODI manuscripts stored in various libraries. The performance of the proposed method, which uses CNN autoencoder as a feature extractor and an SVM based classifier gives very high accuracy and is better compared to the most accurate MODI character recognition method reported so far. 2020 IEEE.