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Reimagining North Korea in a new frame: review of the series Crash Landing on You (2019)
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Media in everyday life: review of the series Reply 1988
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Immortality and beyond: review of the film Seo Bok
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Prognostic value of somatosensory-evoked potentials in neurology: A critical review in hypoxic encephalopathy
Prediction of prognosis in comatose patients surviving a cardiac arrest is still one of the intractable problems in critical care neurology because of lack of fool-proof ways to assess the outcome. Of all these measures, somatosensory-evoked potential (SSEP) has been perhaps the most evaluated and heavily relied-upon tool over the past several decades for assessing coma. Recent studies have given rise to concerns regarding the 'absoluteness' of SSEP signals for the prognostic evaluation of coma. In this critical review, we searched the literature to focus on studies conducted so far on the prognostic evaluation of postanoxic coma using SSEPs. All those studies published on the use of SSEP as a prognostication tool in postanoxic coma were reviewed. A narrative review was created that included the strengths as well as limitations of the use of SSEP in postanoxic coma. The use of SSEP in coma has been universal for the purpose of prognostication. However, it has its own advantages as well as limitations. The limitations include challenges in performing and getting SSEP signals during coma as well as the challenges involved in reading and interpreting the signals. The recent usage of therapeutic hypothermia has become another factor that often interferes with the SSEP recording. Finally, based on these study results, some recommendations are generated for the effective use of SSEPs in comatose patients for further prognostication. We advocate that SSEP should be an integral component for the assessment of postanoxic comatose patients due to its several advantages over other assessment tools. However, SSEP recorDings should follow certain standards. One should be aware that its interpretation may be biased by several factors. The bias created by the concept of 'self-fulfilling hypothesis' should always be borne in mind before discontinuation of life support systems in terminal patients. -
A review on the immunomodulatory properties of functional nutraceuticals as dietary interventions for children to combat COVID-19 related infections
COVID-19 is a significant threat to humanity in the present day due to the rapid increase in the number of infections worldwide. While most children may be spared of the direct mortality effects of the disease, those with weak immune systems are prone to adverse effects. Child mortality increases due to the stress caused to the health care system that disrupts essential health care needs such as immunisation and antenatal care. The use of functional foods (FF) aids in disease-prevention as they are known to have protective effects against COVID-19 by boosting childrens cellular and humoral immunity. Plant components such as glycyrrhizin, epigallocatechin gallate, allicin, and fucoidan exhibit antiviral properties against various viruses, including SARS-CoV 2. Microbial foods that are made of probiotics, can enhance immunity against various respiratory viruses. Food enriched with additives such as lactoferrin, piperine, and zinc can boost immunity against COVID-19. With proper definitive drug therapy not available for treating COVID-19 and most of the disease management tools rely on symptoms and non-specific supportive care, developing a functional paediatric formulation will prevent further deterioration in infant health. It is wise to investigate the toxicological aspects of Functional Foods components especially when formulating for children. The safe limits of ingredients should be strictly followed during FFs formulation. Stronger regulations with advanced analytical techniques can help to formulate functional foods into the mainstream in child nutraceuticals. The purpose of this review is to compile collective information on the functional nutraceuticals specifically for infants and children up to the age of 10 years that could confer immunity against COVID-19 and other related viruses. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. 2023, The Author(s). -
Food additives and contaminants in infant foods: a critical review of their health risk, trends and recent developments
The infant food market has expanded rapidly over the past two decades. However, the industry faces significant challenges, including concerns over the health effects of infant food additives and issues with food safety. However, new evidences suggest that certain food additives, such as those used to preserve and transport infant formula to keep it fresh for longer, should be avoided. Science into the effects of additives on human behavior makes up a sizable sector of the additives market. Problems such as hypernatremic dehydration, malnutrition, and obesity in infants are directly linked to faulty formula production. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established the toxicity types and chemical tests necessary for evaluating the safety of food additives and GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) compounds. These tests are crucial in understanding the food safety aspects of food additives. The health effects of different types of food additives on infants are discussed in this context. The article gives an outline of various national and global agencies that provides recommendations and standards to gauge the quality of baby food. The immunological responses, allergic reaction pathways and other related health hazards among the infants and young children caused by the food additive are discussed in this article. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) The Author(s) 2024. -
Recent advances in electrochemical and optical sensing of the organophosphate chlorpyrifos: a review
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is one of the most popular organophosphorus pesticides that is commonly used in agricultural and nonagricultural environments to combat pests. However, several concerns regarding contamination due to the unmitigated use of chlorpyrifos have come up over recent years. This has popularized research on various techniques for chlorpyrifos detection. Since conventional methods do not enable smooth detection, the recent trends of chlorpyrifos detection have shifted toward electrochemical and optical sensing techniques that offer higher sensitivity and selectivity. The objective of this review is to provide a brief overview of some of the important and innovative contributions in the field of electrochemical and optical sensing of chlorpyrifos with a primary focus on the comparative advantages and shortcomings of these techniques. This review paper will help to offer better perspectives for research in organophosphorus pesticide detection in the future. 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Advancements in thiol-yne click chemistry: Recent trends and applications in polymer synthesis and functionalization
The 2022 Nobel Prize in chemistry brought the world's attention to click chemistry, a field as fascinating as its name, characterized by attractive features like high yield, stereospecificity, and broad scope. Since its inception, click chemistry has been synonymous with copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne reactions, owing to their remarkable advantages. However, as the field advanced, there has been a proactive search to develop metal-free alternatives for more biocompatible applications. This led to the extensive adoption of thiol-ene click reactions in the past decade. Yet, due to the growing requirement for polymers with complex architecture and functionality, in recent years, thiol-yne click reactions have come to the forefront with additional advantages over its ene counterparts, allowing the addition of two thiols to an alkyne. This review provides a concise overview of some of the significant developments in polymer synthesis and functionalization utilizing thiol-yne click chemistry. The focus is primarily on radical-mediated thiol-yne reactions, considering the substantial body of work in this area. Moreover, the review provides adequate discussion on other mechanistic pathways like nucleophilic and metal-catalyzed thiol-yne reactions that have gained traction recently. 2024 Elsevier Ltd -
IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION AND CHANGING CONSUMER PREFERENCES AND CHOICES ON VIRTUAL SHOPPING OF RETAIL SECTOR IN BANGALORE
Purpose: This investigation covers the impact of digitalization on consumer behavior and their choices of virtual shopping in the retail sector of Bangalore. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: The introduction section covers the research background and its aim and objectives. Apart from that, the research rationale and significance are also enabled in this section's literature review. That theory is associated with the impact of digitalization, which changes consumer preferences and choices in virtual shopping. This focuses on changing consumer preferences and options in the retail sector, specifically in the Bangalore area. Digital marketing theory and Kotler theory are used in these chapters to understand better the reason for consumer preferences and choices in virtual shopping. It also conveys the research methods where positivism research philosophy was used, and the researcher also uses descriptive research design to reach the aims and objectives. Secondary data collection methods were used to collect reliable data per the chosen topic. In this section, inclusion and exclusion criteria are also mentioned, which are associated with the investigation Findings:Both qualitative and quantitative data are used to analyze the importance of offline shopping among the people of Bangalore. It is to explore that most consumers prefer to do online shopping by staying at home Originality/value:Offline shopping in the Bangalore area: Most people in the Bangalore area prefer to bring their Essentials through offline shopping. It is recommended that companies formulating this virtual shopping introduce their product with relevant details and descriptions. Research limitations: Limitations were found at the time of selecting relevant journals and articles. Some journals need authentic access, so data cannot be analyzed from these articles Social implications :The use of virtual platforms can effectively judge the demands and the preferences of the consumers. Moreover, various retail sectors can perform well by virtual shopping within their industry. 2022 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Greener Assembly of Nano Catalysts and Sustainable Applications of Magnetically Retrievable and Plasmonic Nano Catalysts
Since ages, catalysts have played a pivotal role in accelerating the production and lowering the cost of a plethora of industrially important commodities. The latest in the scenario are nanocatalysts, which offer a wide array of advantages ranging from improved reaction rates to higher rates of recyclability. However, factors such as stability and support systems must be fine-tuned to achieve maximum efficiency. In accordance with the principle of sustainability, green synthesis methods have propelled the development of a range of nanocatalysts that can be applied in various domains, such as the food industry and biofuel production. Simultaneously, heterogeneous catalysis is gaining more attention globally, primarily due to the ease of recoverability of the nanocatalysts and in this context, magnetically retrievable nanocatalysts are indeed a boon for the green synthesis and sustainable production. Nanocomposites combining plasmonic and catalytic components with noble metal nanoparticles (Au and Ag) and doped semiconductor nanostructures have gained interest in recent years owing to their utility in multiple sectors by virtue of their ability to convert sunlight to chemical energy. The current review describes some methods for the synthesis of such nanocatalysts and their applications in diverse domains. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023. -
Recent trends in hierarchical electrode materials in supercapacitor: Synthesis, electrochemical measurements, performance and their charge-storage mechanism
Supercapacitors are energy storage devices that getting significant research interest among global researchers due to their features such as high specific capacitance, quick charge/discharge, high power density, prolonged cycle life, and safety that contribute to applications in portable electronic devices. Electrode materials are key constituents of supercapacitors and they control their electrochemical performances. There are various structures of electrode materials have been developed for supercapacitors such as core-shell structures, hetero-structures, and hierarchical structures. Among the structures, hierarchical electrode materials (HEMs) are low-cost, easy to synthesize, have high surface area, high active sites, and high electrochemical performances. Thus, this review focuses on the recent synthesis of hierarchical-type electrode materials, electrochemical setup, and characterization, analyses three- and two-electrode system performances in the use of supercapacitors, and charge-storage mechanisms, and summarizes critical viewpoints for future research. The performance of HEMs-based supercapacitors is shown to be high when compared to a single type of electrode. In supercapacitors, porous carbons, metal-organic frameworks, and transition metal sulfides-based HEMs have exceptional electrochemical capabilities across all parameters, including specific capacitance, cycle stability, energy density, and capacitance retention, as found in this review. This review may be helpful to the primary researchers who are working on the preparation and measurement of HEMs for supercapacitor applications. Further, the hierarchical structure-based electrode material is promising for future research in advanced supercapacitor research and could be of interest in technology transfer. 2024 Elsevier Ltd -
Analyzing the Prospects of Blockchain in Healthcare Industry
Deployment of secured healthcare information is a major challenge in a web-based environment. eHealth services are subjected to same security threats as other services. The purpose of blockchain is to provide a structure and security to the organization data. Healthcare data deals with confidential information. The medical records can be well organized and empower their propagation in a secured manner through the usage of blockchain technology. The study throws light on providing security of health services through blockchain technology. The authors have analyzed the various aspects of role of blockchain in healthcare through an extensive literature review. The application of blockchain in COVID-19 has also been analyzed and discussed in the study. Further application of blockchain in Indian healthcare has been highlighted in the paper. The study provides suggestions for strengthening the healthcare system by blending machine learning, artificial intelligence, big data, and IoT with blockchain. 2022 Shilpa Srivastava et al. -
Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) in diverse domains of education: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis for research directions
Multiple Criteria Decision Making has been one of the powerful and structured approach in solving real world problems in the past. The aim is to determine the best alternative based on multiple criteria. It has shown a remarkable performance in the field of education. In order to gain insights into the existing body of research in this area, a bibliometric analysis was conducted. The study is conducted to provide a comprehensive analysis since 2000 in the field of application of MCDM in the various domains of education. The publication information was accessed from Scopus Database on 1 December 2023 and the bibliometric analysis has been done through Vosviewer, R package bibliometrics and Tableau. Initially 5185 documents were found which were reduced to 1706 after multi layered screening criteria. The analysis is performed to find the relevant documents, most valuable researchers, the major countries where the research in this area is exhaustively conducted. After extensive research it is observed that researchers belonging to China are highly involved in the domain taken for study. Also, research conducted in China is highly cited which shows its quality of work. Further, it is observed that mostly fuzzy analysis techniques are widely used for MCDM. The collaborative work done by Arunodaya Raj Mishra and Rani Pratibha research work is remarkable and highly recommended to conduct the research in the considered domain in the research paper. The conducted bibliometric analysis provides an overview of the scope and global trends of MCDM in shaping the education sector. This would help the researchers to explore the most relevant study, analysis and finding the research gaps as per their research needs. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Society for Reliability Engineering, Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM), India and The Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden 2024. -
Keratin as a sustainable biopolymer for waste water treatment
Keratin is one of the most abundant natural polymers with potential application in various fields but is usually seen discarded as waste generated from poultry farms along roadsides and landfills. These are indeed the cheapest source of keratin protein which could be used for various applications. Owing to the structural properties, keratinous materials are now being exploited in wastewater treatment systems as adsorbents. The rich amino acid content having hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups has been found to be beneficial in removing contaminants from waste waters like heavy metals and dyes. Research based on this idea has received peak attention to a point where formulations of different adsorbent materials like nanofibre, biofilms and biocomposite from keratinous raw materials are now available for commercial use. This review summarises the application of keratin as an efficient adsorbent for waste water treatment providing an insight into its structure, forms of keratin used for treatments and mechanism of adsorption of different components in waste water. 2022 World Research Association. All rights reserved. -
Spiritual Intelligence and Spiritual Care in Nursing Practice: A Bibliometric Review
Spiritual intelligence (SI) has recently gained traction in various fields, including nursing. Given the increasing emphasis on patient-centred care and the holistic well-being of patients and nurses, SI is particularly relevant in nursing practice. A bibliometric analysis of recent publications (20142024) in the field helps synthesise and evaluate the existing research on SI in the general field of nursing, identify literature gaps, suggest future research directions and raise awareness of the importance of SI in nursing practice. The present study reports bibliometric data (n = 461) from the Scopus database on SI, spiritual quotient and spiritual care in nursing and health care. The data are analysed using MS Excel and VOSviewer software. The publications trend analysis revealed a significant increase in SI-related publications since 2015. The study presents top-cited articles. Journal of Religion and Health was found to be a prominent journal with the maximum number of publications, and Sage was found to be the top publisher of journals with articles on SI. Network visualisation reveals central figures such as Wilfred McSherry, Trove Giske, Elizabeth Johnston Taylor, Fiona Timmins, Silvia Caldeira and Linda Ross as key researchers in the field. The United States and Iran have the most substantial connections of authors publishing on SI. This study reveals an increasing interest in SI and care within nursing research, confirming its growing significance in the field. By reporting areas where research on SI in nursing remains underdeveloped, the study paves the way for the development of new or updated curricula in nursing programs. The study can guide faculty development initiatives by highlighting the importance of SI and providing resources for educators to incorporate these concepts into their teaching. This study presents specific research questions to address these knowledge gaps. Future studies which can address these questions will enrich nursing education and practice, leading to improved patient outcomes and enhanced nurse well-being using the full potential of SI in nursing practice. 2024 Published by Scientific Scholar on behalf of Indian Journal of Palliative Care. -
Arithmetic integer additive set-valued graphs: A creative review
For a non-empty ground set X, finite or infinite, the set-valuation or set-labeling of a given graph G is an injective function f: V (G) ? P(X), where P(X) is the power set of the set X. A set-indexer of a graph G is an injective set-valued function f: V (G) ? P(X) such that the function f?: E(G) ? P(X) ? { defined by f? (uv) = f (u)? f (v) for every uv?E(G) is also injective, where ? is a binary operation on sets. Let N0 be the set of all non-negative integers and P(N0) is its power set. An integer additive set-labeling (IASL) of a graph G is an injective function f: V (G) ? P(N0) such that the induced function f+: E(G) ? P(N0) is defined by f+ (uv) = f (u) + f (v), where f (u) + f (v) is the sumset of the sets f (u) and f (v). An IASL f of a graph G is said to be an integer additive set-indexer (IASI) of G if the induced function f+ is also injective. In this paper, we critically and creatively review the concepts and properties of a particular type integer additive set-valuation, called arithmetic integer additive set-valuation of graphs. 2020 the author(s). -
Phytochemical, pharmacological and tissue culture studies of some important species of the genus Barleria L. (Acanthaceae) - a review
Ayurvedic sciences helped the early humans to overcome chronic dangerous diseases. There are thousands of varieties of herbs and medicinal plants used to overcome such dreadful diseases. The genus Barleria L. belongs to family Acanthaceae, a medicinally significant group of plants having diversified phytochemicals used for different pharmacological properties. It has been utilized since ancient times for medicinal purposes. It has many plant secondary metabolites such as terpenes, flavonoids, lignins, alkaloids, particularly the iridoid glycosides. The secondary metabolites extracted from Barleria spp. show potential pharmacological activities viz., anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-fertility, anti-arthritic and anti-ulcer activity. In view of these, present review is focused on the phytochemistry, pharmacology and tissue culture studies of some of the important species of the genus Barleria L. Sudheer & Praveen (2021). -
A comprehensive review on tissue culture studies and secondary metabolite production in Bacopa monnieri L. Pennell: a nootropic plant
Bacopa monnieri L. Pennell, commonly known as Brahmi, is an important medicinal plant that belongs to the family Plantaginaceae. Brahmi is rich in innumerable bioactive secondary metabolites, especially bacosides that can be employed to reduce many health issues. This plant is used as a neuro-tonic and treatment for mental health, depression, and cognitive performance. Brahmi is also known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hepatotoxic activities. There is a huge demand for its raw materials, particularly for the extraction of bioactive molecules. The conventional mode of propagation could not meet the required commercial demand. To overcome this, biotechnological approaches, such as plant tissue culture techniques have been established for the production of important secondary metabolites through various culture techniques, such as callus and cell suspension cultures and organ cultures, to allow for rapid propagation and conservation of medicinally important plants with increased production of bioactive compounds. It has been found that a bioreactor-based technology can also enhance the multiplication rate of cell and organ cultures for commercial propagation of medicinally important bioactive molecules. The present review focuses on the propagation and production of bacoside A by cell and organ cultures of Bacopa monnieri, a nootropic plant. The review also focuses on the biosynthesis of bacoside A, different elicitation strategies, and the over-expression of genes for the production of bacoside-A. It also identifies research gaps that need to be addressed in future studies for the sustainable production of bioactive molecules from B. monnieri. 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Three Focused Interventions
Autism is a neurological developmental disorder that impacts a persons physical, social, and emotional behavior. This disorder develops over time and is characterized by social deficits and repetitive behavior. Although there is no cure for this disorder, an early diagnosis and intervention can do significant wonders and can help the subject to become active functioning members of the family and society. The aim of this study is to minimize the diagnostic period by finding an optimal diagnosis procedure from the existing diagnosis tools. The diagnosis of autism can be done in three ways: 1. clinical evaluation; 2. screening tools; 3. brain images. In this review paper, we have thoroughly gone through all three types of diagnostic procedures and found that there was no single diagnostic tool to confirm the disorder. We also found that the diagnosis period was too long. As the result of this review, we found an ASD diagnosis triad which helps to choose the right diagnosis procedure based on the subjects age which reduces the diagnostic period and helps to aid early diagnosis by eliminating the chaos in choosing the diagnostic tools. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Genetic causes of male infertility and emerging potential of stem cell therapeutics
Infertility has haunted mankind from ancient times. In 40 to 50% of the cases resulting in failure to conceive, the cause can be attributed to male infertility. The rates of infertility have risen in the past few decades among both among men and women. The reasons can be attributed to life style changes and environmental pollution apart from genetic causes. Scientists have found out few possible causes of male infertility and there are few treatment measures currently being carried out. The success of these depends on the primary cause of the infertility problem. In the past few decades, a number of genes playing roles in different stages of sperm development and differentiation were functionally analysed. This knowledge coupled with the advancements in stem cell technology and in vitro gametogenesis has led to new frontiers in possible therapeutic measures of male infertility, especially those with genetic causes. The present study focuses on the causes and treatment of male infertility focussing mainly on important genetic regulations and emerging stem cell-based therapeutics. 2021 World Research Association. All rights reserved.