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Psychosocial Well-Being of Adolescents : A Social Group Work Intervention
Social work practice with children and families is one of the most challenging, skilled and rewarding areas of social work practice. Social workers believe that safeguarding children and preventing them from significant harm is a rewarding and challenging way to make a difference in the life of a child, which involves the corporation, consultation and collaboration of many people working effectively together. As highlighted by the United Nations' data disaggregation against the goal of "no one left behind," the absence of data on adolescents needs research on the "second decade." Furthermore, because India has the world's largest adolescent population, studies and policies aimed at developing adolescents' competencies are critical to the country's development; interventions aimed at instilling confidence in underprivileged adolescents to strive for a better future are critical for mitigating inequity. Adolescents from disadvantaged families and whose parents are no longer able to provide adequate care to children are having various psychosocial problems, high risk of violence, exploitation, abuse and neglect and their psychosocial well-being is often insufficiently monitored. This intervention study adopted a quasi-interventional design to measure the effectiveness of social group work in raising the psychological well-being, self-esteem and coping orientation of adolescents in child sponsorship programs. Social group work intervention with 20 sessions was designed in response to the information garnered through the pilot study and administered to the intervention group (n=20). Conducted pre-test and post-test for both intervention group and control group (n=20) and two follow up tests in three months intervals for the intervention group (n=20) using 42 item version of Ryffs scale for psychological well-being, Rosenbergs 10 item self-esteem scale and 54 items A-COPE scale; and data analyzed using SPSS. Comparison between pre and post measurements carried out using paired sample t-test for the intervention group and control group separately, gave out a p value < 0.05 for the intervention group and, > 0. 05 for the control group. Thus, it was proved that the psychological well-being, self-esteem and coping orientation of participants in the intervention group were raised significantly due to the social group work intervention. Applying refined granularity, this research adds data specifically on adolescents enrolled in child sponsorship programs and sets a blueprint for social group work to raise their psychological well-being, self-esteem and coping orientation. Proposing a conceptual framework for child sponsorship programs, this study recommends the need for operational tie-ups, sustained youth support, training of trainers (ToT) for community animators, preparing individual care plans and training to school social workers and the need of starting walk-in counselling centres and mentoring services. Furthermore, this study suggests additional research in all aspects of its operation, as well as interventions at the group, family, and community levels, for the well-being and empowerment of marginalised adolescents. -
Computer Vision Based Indian Sign Language Recognition Using Deep Learning
Speech is a human default and unique modality for language development and communication which is essential for memory and overall cognitive development. Excellency in language permits a child to be extrovert enriching the development of cognitive and psychosocial skills; whereas, for auditory deprived children, the misalignment of the brain and ear makes them impotent to communicate with the society which creates a central dogma that hearing-loss is a disability which further ignores their psycho-social identity. To fill such gaps and make their community more freewheeling in India, Indian Sign Language (ISL) - a complete language with its own linguistic and verbal elements was framed. Though ISL is appropriate and absolute in every linguistic approach, lack of prerequisite and proficiency enforces dedicated teachers to teach the curriculum through contrived signs for the sake of convenience that not only diminishes the distinctiveness of ISL but also dislodges the idea of learning their mother tongue. This creates an imbalance in the analogous learning of communication and curriculum language. In order to balance the level in learning, effective vision-based days of the week ISL model is developed through Convolution Neural Network (CNN) architecture which boasts independent learning of ISL. The proposed model comprises of six stages: dataset creation, preprocessing, splitting dataset into train, validation and test, applying various types of image augmentation techniques according to split, constructing CNN model for feature extraction and classification and finally evaluating the result through evaluation measures. Initially, an image dataset is created as there is a scarcity of standard ISL datasets in internet sources. The images are created on vision-based technique to avoid of carrying additional superfluous hardware gadgets for human computer interaction. -
Role of Soft Skills Development Programme on Employable Skills of Management Students in Bengaluru
With the increase in technology access, the expectations of the employers while hiring the candidates has increased manifold. The newlinecandidates however do not possess the required skills as expected by the corporate professionals. The study, therefore, aims to understand the impact of an employable newlineskill training module based on experiential learning on the soft skill development of management postgraduate students. The study used a one-group pre-test post-test design. The study was based on the Experiential newlineLearning Theory (Kolb, 1984) and the Theory of Multiple Intelligences (Gardner, 1983). In order to find the essential skill sets that have to be possessed by management postgraduates a systematic review of literature of 243 included studies was conducted to understand the skill sets required by management postgraduates. newlineFrom the analysis, it was found that formal communication skills like oral communication, meeting participation, written communication could be effectively developed using the modules with a high effect on the skill newlinedevelopment. The modules were also found to have a significantly large effect on the problem-solving, persuasiveness, critical thinking and lateral thinking skills of the students. In addition to the above, the modules created a deeper understanding of the strengths, capabilities and the weaknesses of newlinethe participants and enabled them to communicate the same effectively thus newlinepreparing them for interviews and group discussions. The modules additionally enabled the participants to appropriately use gestures, tone and their voice in formal communication in a manner that can enhance the effectiveness of their communication. These skills were also found to be lacking in students according to the studies of Abas and Imam (2016); Andelt et al., (1997); Cotton (1993); Crosling and Ward (2002); Gandhi (2013); Hodges and Burchell (2003); Jackson (2009); Levy and Canon (2016) among newlineothers. -
Biotechnological Approaches For the IN - VITRO Production of L-DOPA From Callus Suspension Cultures of Mucuna Pruriens (L.) DC.
Plants are an important source of drugs to treat wide array of disorders due to the newlineproduction of various classes of secondary metabolites which are used as active ingredients to treat and cure diseases. One such commercially important metabolite known as 3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is used to treat various central nervous system disorders like Dementia, Parkinson s, Alzheimer s, etc. Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. belonging to Fabaceae family has been used since time immemorial to treat Parkinson s disease and the seeds are the main source of all herbal formulations to treat various disorders of nervous system and male newlinereproductive system. Though the metabolite is present in all parts of Mucuna, seeds possess newlinethe highest concentration and it has become a huge challenge to satisfy the emerging demand newlinefor L-DOPA. This is attributed to the conventional methods of extraction from the natural sources of Mucuna sps., which has a low germination rate, less viable seeds and an irritating, itching trichomes on the pods. The need for an alternative method with continuous supply of L-DOPA without affecting the natural biodiversity has been achieved through in-vitro procedures. But there hasn t been a systematic approach to optimize the cultural conditions for the optimal productivity. Hence in our study, we aimed at selecting an elite germplasm of Mucuna pruriens and growing them in-vitro, along with establishing a callus suspension newlineculture and optimizing the cultural conditions for high biomass and L-DOPA production. Callus was induced by supplementing various plant growth regulators like auxins (IAA, IBA, Picloram, NAA, 2,4-D), cytokinins (Kinetin, BAP, 2-iP and TDZ) and their combinations in different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/L). -
Legal Aid Education in Karnataka: A Critical Analysis
Legal Education has witnessed major transformations since the last few decades. The Constitutional ideals of justice, have been the foundational philosophy of legal newlineeducation in India. Consequently, legal aid has been a crucial link in the entire gamut newlineof advancing the values of justice. However, these purposes and ideals have undergone newlinemutations over the years. Aligned to these ideals, the Bar Council of India, had newlineintroduced legal aid as an important pedagogic tool that can fulfil twin mandate of providing justice to the common man and at the same time, train the students of law in newlinethe necessary skills and imbibe values in their journey of professional and social newlinecommitments. The history of legal aid is not new, in India and in the global context, yet legal aid as an educational tool is undermined and least prioritized in institutions that impart legal education. This could be attributed to various reasons, priorities of the institutions, ambiguity in understanding and working towards these goals. With the emergence of National Law Universities and various types of institutions on one hand and the newlineproportional rise in the number of students pursuing legal education on the other hand, newlinecreates a vast arena for the institutions to augment the existing resources in contributing to the societal needs. There have been various studies that have been conducted which focus on certain newlineaspects of law school clinics, specifically in creating Access to Justice. But there have newlinebeen limited studies in considering legal aid as an educational tool in terms of Teaching, newlineLearning and Research. There has been lack of evidence based approach that are employed to understand impending issues that hamper the effective working of legal aid within an institutional set-up. Hence the current study focuses on how the internal and external pressures act on legal aid within four different types of institutions across the state of Karnataka. -
Influence of Celebrity Source Credibility and Celebrity-Fan Relationship on Fan's Attitude Towards Social Cause
Celebrities hold a special place in popular imagination. Their power to inspire fashion, choice of vacation, dictate food preferences and a host of other services is an interesting field of study. Over the years, celebrity endorsement has appeared as a leading advertisement format in developing newlinesuccessful brand campaigns. Celebrity endorsements are grounded on a common belief that endorsers can increase advertisement credibility thereby increasing brand image, awareness, and purchase behaviour. newlineUnderstanding the nature of celebrities as sources in advertisements and promotions is a widely researched topic. There is an abundance of literature on the use of celebrities in commercial advertising with the end goal being sales and profits realised through intermediate outcomes such as brand newlineimage, attitude change, brand awareness and many others. Several celebrities across the world have endorsed social cause campaigns sponsored by governments and not-for-profit organizations. However, the impact of the newlinecelebrity in such campaigns is an under-studied topic. Furthermore, celebrity newlineendorsement studies in the past have largely focused on celebrity endorsement mechanisms related to celebrity s characteristics and the outcomes related to the brand. Not much is being mentioned about fans. This study introduces a new audience-related factor the celebrity-fan para social relationship newlinemeasured using celebrity attitude scale (CAS). Thus, this study extends its context beyond commercial products and positions in the backdrop of social marketing. To achieve the purpose of the study and answer the research questions, the National Anti-Tobacco Campaign endorsed by former cricketer, newlineRahul Dravid was considered for the study. The chosen campaign had high visibility with the social advertisement being aired in movie halls and television channels across several Indian languages. The study focused on newlineunderstanding the influence of source credibility factors on attitude towards newlinesocial cause. -
A Framework for Integrating Nested Queries in Natural Language Interfaces to Databases
To translate Natural Language (NL) statements into Structured Query Language (SQL) queries, different methods and systems were proposed in the past. This work presents a framework for automating the translation of Data Requirement Specifications (DRS) given by enterprise Business Users in NL into SQL queries, focusing on requirements that result in the generation of nested SQLs. The framework takes the business user s DRS given in English as input and generates an initial query sketch by employing semantic parsing. This initial sketch is further refined and newlinecompleted into a well-formed SQL by consulting the Database Schema. It performs newlinethe translation by combining NL processing techniques with Query Sketch generation newlinemethods and refines it by employing Repair techniques or extends it further. The newlineframework suggests using Lambda expressions for intermediate representation and newlineemploys standard operations of Lambda Calculus for performing the required newlinetransformations needed for translation. Lambda Context Calculus (LCC) provides the newlineoperational semantics and the relevant methods needed in transforming NL statements newlineinto SQL, preserving the integrity and compositionality24 of expressions in every step of the translation. Though Lambda Calculus is found to be effective in representing the intermediate expressions and assists in performing the transformations that are needed for translating specific predicates into SQL, its inflexibility in combining parallel computations is a constraint. To represent clauses that are in parallel or are in pipeline, and to perform the required transformations on the intermediate expressions involving these, more advanced programming constructs are needed. It also adopts functional programming techniques to deal with complex scenarios involving nested queries. -
Elemental Abundances in the Interstellar Medium
One method to investigate the chemical composition of the interstellar medium (ISM) and interstellar dust grains is to conduct interstellar elemental depletion studies, especially of highly abundant species. The role refractory element, silicon (Si) in extinction is not clearly understood and the distribution and evolution of moderately volatile sulfur (S) in the ISM is still an open problem. The key motivation of the work is to investigate the chemical composition of ISM of our Galaxy, and the formation, processing and distribution of interstellar dust in its different environments, mainly focusing on silicon and sulfur abundances, both in gas and dust. In the work outlined in this thesis, I will be describing the gas and dust phase abundances of Si and S in the interstellar medium using archival observations, and their probable role in the observed extinction. In this work, we also have measured the column density of S II along 9 Galactic sight lines using archival high-resolution observations from the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph and determined the abundances of S in both gas and dust phases. Using Archival spectral data towards 131 target stars in the Galaxy, interstellar Si abundances and depletion along those lines of sight has been surveyed. Oscillator strength correction has been performed to account for its improvements, using most recent values. This is an extensive survey done using a much larger data sample compared to previous investigations, but it substantiate the majority of the findings, which show that Si depletion is linked to both the average hydrogen density (n (H)) and the fraction of molecular hydrogen (f(H2)) along the lines of sight. Using this data, the distribution of Si and the variation of dust attributes with Si abundances also has been investigated and found that the linear component of the extinction curve is unrelated to depletion of silicon. -
A Study on Partial Domination in Graphs
The theory of domination is one of the most studied fields in graph theory. Many new domination parameters have been defined and studied so far. One such parame- ter that was introduced in 2017 is partial domination number. For a graph G = (V, E) and for a p and#8712; (0, 1], a subset S of V (G) is said to partially dominate or p-dominate G if |N[S]| and#8805; p|V (G)|. The cardinality of a smallest p-dominating set is called the p-domination number and it is denoted by and#947;p(G). In scenarios wherein domination con-cepts are applied, partial domination concepts can also be applied with the added ad-vantage of being able to dominate the underlying graph partially, when the need arises. This advantage makes this parameter appear unique amongst most other domination parameters. We present some basic properties of partial dominating sets, some prop- erties related to particular values of p, some properties related to the eccentricity of a p-dominating set, some results in the line of classical domination and characterization of minimal and minimum p-dominating sets. Then we study partial domination in the con-text of prisms of graphs. We give some bounds for partial domination numbers of prisms of graphs G in terms of partial domination numbers of G for particular values of p. We define universal and#947;p-fixers and universal and#947;p-doublers and we characterize paths, cycles and complete bipartite graphs which are universal and#947;1 2 - fixers and universal and#947;1 2 - dou- blers. Then we concentrate on establishing a domination chain in the context of partial domination, which we call as partial domination chain . For this, we defined indepen-dent partial domination number (IPD-number), found exact values of IPD-numbers for some classes of graphs, found bounds for IPD-numbers in terms of independent domi-nation number and some relations between the independent partial dominating sets and the independent dominating sets. -
Studies on color energy and its variations in graphs
This thesis consists of studies on color energy and its variations in graphs. Apart from the exploration of color energy corresponding to various coloring schemes, the notion of P-energy as a generalization of color energy has been introduced. The computation of color energy and P-energy of graphs has been carried out using Python programs, while the general results are derived using research methods and proof techniques in linear algebra. The bounds of color energy for a graph G have been established in terms of several graph parameters such as chromatic number and#967;(G), domination number and#947;(G), maximum degree and#8710;(G) etc. It has been found out that the color energy of a graph G is greater than or equal to 1 n and#947;(G) q 2(m + mand#8242;c). Further, the bounds of color energy of a graph G in terms of extreme eigenvalues of color matrix of G have been obtained. The study on color energy with respect to the minimum number of colors and L(h, k)-coloring has been examined in detail for some families of graphs such as star graph, double star, crown graph and their color complements. We have also examined the variation of color energy in the specific cases of T-coloring and radio coloring for some families of graphs. The examination of color energy corresponding to some improper colorings such as Hamiltonian coloring, open neighborhood coloring and improper C-coloring has also been done. Moreover, the color equi-energetic families of graphs with respect to various coloring schemes have been investigated. The concept of P-energy has been introduced as a generalization of the concept of color energy. This stems from the fact that coloring problems in essence are vertex partition problems. For any vertex partition P having k elements, we define the P-matrix AP(G) having and#8722;1, 0, 1, 2 as off diagonal entries and diagonal entries represent the cardinality of the elements in partition P. Then, the P-energy EP(G) is defined as the sum of the absolute values of eigenvalues of P-matrix of G. -
A Study on defective colouring of graphs
If different technology represents distinct colours that are to be located on some geographical region which can be represented as vertices of a graph, then the proper colouring is obtained when no two technology of same type share a common edge between the vertices they are placed on. The minimum number of technology required for such a colouring of a graph is the chromatic number of the graph. However, if the available technology are less than that of the minimum required, then the question arises on how to place the technology on the vertices of a graph in such a way that there is a minimum adjacency between the technology of same type. The solution for this problem can be attained by defining certain rules for the properness of colouring in which a few thresholds are tolerated. We know that, in a proper colouring every colour class is an independent set. If the available colours to colour a graph is less than that of the chromatic number of graphs, then a threshold that can be tolerated is permitting few colour classes to be non-independent set. An edge uv is said to be a monochromatic edge or bad edge if the colours assigned to both u and v are the same. A near proper colouring of graphs is a colouring that minimises the number of monochromatic edges by permitting few colour classes to have adjacency between the elements in it. The minimum number of monochromatic edges obtained from near proper colouring is called near defect number, denoted by B_k (G). A and#948;^((k))-colouring of graph G is a near proper colouring of G consisting of k given colours, where 1and#8804;kand#8804;and#967;(G)-1, which minimises the number of monochromatic edges by permitting at most one colour class to have adjacency among the vertices in it. The and#948;^((k))-defect number is the minimum number of monochromatic edges obtained from a and#948;^((k))-colouring of graphs and it is denoted by b_k(G). The study concerned is the further work on a near proper colouring and a and#948;^((k))-colouring of graphs. -
Effectiveness of emotion recognition tranining on socail and emotional skills in young children with autism spectrum disorder
The rising prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders necessitates the determination of newlinenovel intervention methods for its management. Since deficits in social skills are one of the most prominent features in ASD, efficient interventions for improving social skills become necessary. Several studies suggest a strong relationship between newlineemotional skills and the acquisition of social skills. Objectives: The objective of this study was to find out the effectiveness of emotion recognition training on the social newlineand emotional skills of children with ASD by obtaining quantitative results from the newlineparticipants after emotion recognition training and then following up in-depth through a qualitative thematic analysis after interview with selected parents of the participants. Method: In the quantitative phase, a sample of ten children within three to six years of age who are diagnosed with ASD were selected for the study. The emotion newlinerecognition training followed the modified and adapted version of the hands-on newlineactivities from the Let s Face It curriculum which was validated after a pilot study. Each child was given 20 to 30 sessions of training. The participants were assessed for their social skills using VABS-3 and emotional skills were assessed using CDDC, newlinebefore, during, and after the training. The qualitative phase involved an interview with newlinethe parent using a semi-structured guide. Results: The quantitative and qualitative newlineresults indicated that there is a significant difference in the social skills and emotional newlineskills of the children after the training. The results also showed a sufficient newlinegeneralization of the skills achieved. Incidental finding revealed reduction of problem behaviours. Conclusions: The study clearly shows that emotion recognition training is effective in improving social and emotional skills in children with ASD. -
Role of project management methodologies in achieving project success and business value creation in financial services IT projects
Increasingly, project-based organizations, have been implementing project management methodology for specific projects based on the dynamic environment. Financial services face challenges in the form of unstable market conditions, economies and technology, strict controls, and higher stress to meet customer demands and maximize profits. Many IT initiatives fail to provide the desired outcomes as per the project budgets, project types, and project contexts. Some are also unable to deliver business value to the customers due to the adoption of an unsuitable project management methodology. Regardless of the wide variety of choices, project managers often fail to decide on available alternatives. Project managers tend to tailor projects based on criteria that may not be associated with the overall project objectives rationally. The goal of this newlineresearch work is to assess the role of hybrid and agile project management approaches in newlineachieving success and creating business value considering project contexts for financial newlineservices IT projects. A conceptual research framework and various propositions were built on the literature analysis. To analyse the theoretical support, data was gathered through an online questionnaire. The survey was administered to project managers who were newlineinvolved at different levels in IT project development in financial service organizations. The study findings demonstrate that the various key success factors vary significantly across hybrid and agile project management methodologies considering different success measures in IT projects. And, such factors and processes play a vital role, especially in large-size high-technology projects. This research work enriches the project management literature and offers practical guidance by applying the contingency approach for comparing the effect of key success factors applicable to financial service IT projects from the viewpoint of hybrid and agile project management approaches. -
Indicators of corporate financial distress : evidence from India
The study aims to identify the indicators of corporate financial distress in the Indian industrial sector. The study begins by analysing the corporate bankruptcy filings and the outcomes of filings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016. From the analysis of bankruptcy filings, a newlinelist of 82 publicly listed companies of industrial nature experiencing financial distress that have filed for bankruptcy under IBC is identified. Each of the 82 companies are paired with an equal number of matching newlinefinancially sound companies to form a sample of 164 companies. Further, 12 variables from the annual reports of the sample companies are analysed for a period of five years immediately preceding the bankruptcy filing by the distressed companies. Simple regression analysis is employed for determining the primary indicator of corporate financial distress and logistic regression analysis is used to identify the supplementary indicator of corporate financial distress in the Indian industrial sector. The primary and the supplementary indicators are presented in the form of a two-stage process to form the Corporate Distress Prediction (CDP) scorecard. The newlinerecommended CDP scorecard predicts financial distress in the Indian industrial sector at an accuracy ranging between 90 percent to 100 percent during the five years of study. The major implication of the study is that it newlinecan guide the corporate stakeholders in knowing the financial health of a newlinecompany. -
A Feminist study of food in select culinary narratives
This research studies Indian immigrant women s relationship with food in the twenty-first century globalised, capitalist, multicultural, American society. It adds to the limited scholarship on the genre of diasporic culinary narratives by looking at the works of Shoba Narayan s Monsoon Diary: A Memoir with Recipes (2003),Amulya Malladi s Serving Crazy with Curry (2007), Bharti Kirchner s Pastries: A Novel of Desserts and Discoveries (2009) and Sandeepa Mukherjee Datta s Bong Mom s Cookbook (2013). The research thus views food as a means for immigrant women to articulate their sense of self and critique the standardization of women s relationship with food by the capitalist food industry. Moreover, critiques of capitalist notions of women s relationship with food further enables the select texts to re-envision women s relationship with the kitchen and domestic work. Finally, the study analyses select culinary narratives as paradoxical texts for its simultaneous critique of the commodification of ethnic culture and performance of cultural self-commodification -
Multi-component condesation mediated synthesis of bioactive heterocyclic compounds
Aromatic heterocycles constitute the most diverse family of organic compounds. Moreover, aromatic heterocycles are widely used for the synthesis of dyes and polymeric materials of high value. The development of selective reactions that utilize easily available and abundant precursors for the efficient synthesis of heterocyclic compounds is a long-standing goal of chemical research. Despite the centrality of its role in a number of important research areas, including medicinal chemistry, total synthesis, and materials science, a general, selective, step-economical, and step-efficient synthesis of heterocycles is still needed. newlinePyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives have been synthesised by a one-pot multicomponent condensation of different aldehydes, dialdehydes, and ketones with malononitrile, ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine hydrate (or phenylhydrazine) in the presence of magnetic nano-[CoFe2O4] catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation. The catalyst can be retrieved using an external magnet and used repeatedly. A practical, scalable method for obtaining various pyranopyrazoles has been demonstrated. The extraordinary catalytic role of the various catalyst has been discovered in the processes, which reveals a possible character of enhancing reaction rates and stabilising the intermediates during the course of the reactions. -
Study on nonlinear convective flow of hybrid nanofluids in an annulus
In this modern fluid field technology, hybrid nanofluids are of great interest to researchers due to their improved thermal properties which provide a superior improvement in heat transfer compared to nanofluids. The hybrid nanofluid flow in an annular geometry finds its relevance in engineering and material manufacturing processes such as heat exchangers, nuclear power plants, hot rolling, and heat storage systems due to their high heat transport rate. Since these devices are operated at moderate and very high temperatures adopting linear Boussinesq approximation becomes inappropriate. Owing to this, the present research is devoted to the study of flow, heat, and mass transport characteristics of hybrid nanofluid in an annulus including the effects of radial/transversal magnetic field, thermal radiation, exponential space-related heat source, uniform/non-uniform heat source and variable thermophysical properties under the nonlinear Boussinesq approximation. The fundamental equations are obtained from the laws of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. The dimensionless governing nonlinear equations are treated analytically/numerically. Further, the sensitivity analysis using response surface methodology (RSM) is performed to enhance the understanding of heat and mass transport behavior. The significance of various flow parameters (involving in the problem) on the flow structure, thermal model, concentration field, heat, and mass transport rate are analysed through 2D/3D-surface plots and discussed quantitatively. -
Optical and Infrared studies of herbig Ae Be stars
The work makes use of the unprecedented capability of the Gaia mission to study various properties of Herbig Ae/Be stars. We placed the Herbig Ae/Be stars in the Gaia color-magnitude diagram and accurately estimated their age and mass. The mass accretion rate is calculated from Hand#945; line newlineflux measurements of 106 HAeBe stars. The mass accretion rate is found to decay exponentially with the age of Herbig Ae/Be stars. Further, the immediate neighborhood of two Herbig Ae/Be stars, V1787 Ori and IL newlineCep, are studied using the astrometric and photometric data from the Gaia mission. We discovered a low mass binary companion to V1787 Ori using the analysis of distance and proper motion values from Gaia DR2. The newlinemass ratio of the coeval binary system is found to be 0.23. Such a skewed mass ratio system is rarely identified in Herbig Ae/Be binary systems. The method of identification and characterization of the V1787 Ori wide binary system opens up the possibility of identifying more such systems. The HBe newlinestar IL Cep tells a much more complex story. The star is identified with a cluster of low mass stars associated with it. We identified 79 co-moving stars that are coeval to IL Cep, within 2 pc radius, from the analysis of newlineGaia EDR3 astrometry. The triggered star formation process called the quotRocket effectquot caused by a massive star HD 216658 is identified to be the cause of the clustered star formation near IL Cep. The effect of this process is demonstrated for the first time using the proper motion data from Gaia. newlineThe immediate neighborhood of Herbig Ae/Be stars is identified as the formation region of long-chain carbon molecules such as Fullerenes and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. -
Modulated rayleigh-benard ferroconvection in couple stress fluid
Ferromagnetic fluid with couple stress confined between two stress-free, isothermal horizontal plates is considered in this study. The effect of different types of modulation on Rayleigh-Bard convection in a ferromagnetic fluid with couple stress is examined by considering sinusoidal (sine) and non-sinusoidal (square, triangular, and sawtooth) wave types of modulation. Rayleigh- Bard convection in a ferromagnetic fluid with couple stress subjected to gravity, rotation, temperature, and internal heat modulation is discussed by performing linear and non-linear analyses. The expression for the critical Rayleigh number and the correction Rayleigh number are deduced using the Venezian approach. The effect of gravity, rotation, temperature and internal heat modulation on heat transport is studied using the generalized Lorenz model. The effect of various parameters on the onset of convection and heat transport is studied. The ferromagnetic parameters hasten the convection onset and enhance the heat transfer under various modulations. The results of a Newtonian fluid, ferromagnetic fluid, and couple stress fluid is obtained as the limiting cases of this study.