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A Study on Graph Colouring with Distance Constraints
In this dissertation, we have studied the variations of graph colouring based on distance constraints. For a given set T of non-negative integers including zero and a positive integer k, the L(T,1)-colouring of a graph G = (V,E) is a function c : V(G) and#8594; newline{0,1,2,...,k} such that |c(u)and#8722;c(v)| and#8712;/ T if the distance between u and v is 1 and |c(u)and#8722; newlinec(v)| and#8805; 1 whenever u and v are at distance 2. The L(T,1)-span, and#955;T,1(G) is the smallest positive integer k such that G admits an L(T,1)-Colouring. We have determined the newlineL(T,1)-span for some classes of graphs for set T whose elements are arranged in arithmetic progression. Further, for any general set T , we have found the bound for L(T,1)- span of a few classes of graphs. We use Python programming to colour certain classes of graphs concerning L(T,1)-colouring and fnd the value of L(T,1)-span. Next, we have explored equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring, which is an extension of a specifc variation of L(h,k)-Colouring for h = 0 and k = 1. For a newlinepositive integer p, equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring of a graph G is an newlineassignment of positive integers to the vertices of G such that for each vertex v and#8712;V(G), vertices of N(v) receives at least l1p|N(v)|m distinct colours and N(v) can be partitioned into k-classes V1,V2,...Vk such that ||Vi|and#8722; |Vj|| and#8804; 1 for every i and#824;= j and 1 and#8804; k and#8804; n. The minimum number of colours required to colour G such that it admits equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring for a fxed p is called the equitable fractional open neighbourhood chromatic number, and#967;eq onc newlinep (G). We have studied some properties of equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring and explored some classes of graphs which admit equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring with land#8710;(pG)m colours. Further, we have introduced and examined a variation of perfect graphs, and#967;onc-perfect graphs, with respect to equitable fractional open neighbourhood colouring for the special case of p = 1. -
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Computational Chemical Property Prediction and Anticancer Simulation of Heterocyclic Molecules
The Density Functional Theory (DFT) technique is popularly employed in establishing organic molecules' structural properties and reactivities. The B3LYP hybrid functional with the basis set 6-311G++(d,p) is utilised in the computational calculations with Gaussian 09W software. The DFT studies include energy minimisation (geometry optimisation), frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) analyses, theoretical UV spectral computation, natural bond orbital (NBO) evaluation, Topological analyses using Multiwfn 3.8 software are performed to evaluate the Pauli repulsion in atomic orbitals (as shown by ELF (Electron Localisation Function) maps), the areas of strong and weak pi-delocalisation in the molecules (as depicted in LOL (Localised Orbital Locator) maps) and the weak non-covalent intra-molecular interactions (as indicated in colour maps of RDG (Reduced Density Gradient)). Pharmacological evaluation is performed using SwissADME, ADMETLab 2.0, and PreADMET online tools. Molecular docking is performed using AutoDock Tools 1.5.6 with select anticancer target proteins to predict the bioactivity potential of the title molecules. The molecules studied in the work include a spiro compoun d, spiro[1H-indole-3,2-3H-1,3- benzothiazole]-2-one, a 2(3H)-furanone, 3,3,5-triphenylfuran-2(3H)-one, and a benzo[d]imidazole, 5,6-dichloro-1-cyclopentyl-2-(methylsulfinyl)-1H- benzimidazole. In addition, comparative studies are performed on the structure and reactivity of spirobrassinin derivatives, spirocyclic isatin-derivative analogues, and 3(2H)-furanones, and these three classes of molecules have already been predicted to possess anticancer properties in vitro. Interesting properties emerge in the preliminary theoretical investigations for these molecules, particularly in the FMO, the NLO and the molecular docking studies. The theoretical studies explore the reactivity, structure, and stability of the molecules under study, and biological evaluation examines their potential as lead compounds for cancer therapeutics. These studies can be further extended to include experimental validation and in vitro and in vivo tests to confirm further the efficacy of the anticancer action as well as the potential toxicity of the compounds. The theoretical investigations provide a database of information that could be useful for experimental scientists and medicinal chemists who primarily focus on drug design and discovery in their research so that they can narrow down the number of possible lead compounds from the vast chemical space of organic compounds that possess drug-like characteristics. -
An Impact of technology based constructivist teaching on acdemic achivement of IX standrad students of Bengaluru city
Modern education emphasizes on learner centered and joyful learning which is the newlineneed of the hour as well initiated by educationists and education commission. They opine that, children need to keep active throughout the teaching and learning process and encourage self-learning and independent learning. One such emerging practice is constructivist teaching. It has changed the educational practice and converted Passive Learner Centered Environment into Active Learner Centered Environment.Constructivism newlinebelieves that learning is not encouraged in zero ground but on previous experience and newlineprior knowledge. It is the beginning for construction of new knowledge. In the context of Indian school education, it is rightly accepted as one of the pedagogical practice in National Curriculum Framework 2005 and National Curriculum Framework for Teacher newlineEducation 2009. It is also duly adopted in school education and teacher education newlineprogramme of Karnataka. Apart from constructivist approach, technology and technology integration highly influence on present education system. Technology not used only for drill,practice, tutorial etc. but also for construction of knowledge. newlineIn this context, there is a need for technology integration in constructivist practice and to give new framework for learning, teaching as well as for learner centered education. newlineHence, this research is conducted to study An Impact of Technology Based Constructivist Teaching on Academic Achievement of IX Standard Students of Bengaluru City .The main objective of the study is to compare the effectiveness of Constructivist Teaching and Technology Based Constructivist Teaching on academic achievement of IX standard students in Social Science subject. newlineThe present study is experimental in nature newlinewith two equivalent group design. In this study purposive sampling technique is used. The sample comprised of 156 students studying in IX standard of two schools (Government newlineand Private School) of Bengaluru city affiliated to state board. -
A Novel Approach for Sensitive Crop Disease Prediction Based on Computer Vision Techniques
Agriculture is a vital sector that plays an essential role in ensuring global food security, supporting economic development, and promoting environmental sustainability. Sustainable agriculture is an essential approach that aims to address the diffculties posed by conventional farming practices and ensure the long-term viability of our food production systems. Worldwide, crop leaf diseases seriously threaten food security and agricultural production. Early and accurate detection of crop leaf diseases is essential for effective crop productivity management and food prevention. Computer vision approaches offer promising solutions for automating the identifcation and prediction of crop leaf diseases. Analyzing digital images of plant leaves enables the identifcation of disease characteristics, such as discoloration, lesions, and patterns, which are often imperceptible to the naked eye. Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), have been widely employed in this domain to learn from large datasets of annotated images and accurately classify leaf diseases. The process of crop leaf disease classifcation using computer vision involves several stages. Initially, highresolution images of plant leaves are acquired using cameras or mobile devices. Preprocessing techniques, including image enhancement and noise reduction, are applied to improve image quality. Subsequently, feature extraction approaches extract pertinent data from the images, including texture, shape, and color. Deep Learning (DL) models are then trained and fne-tuned using these extracted features. newlineAlthough computer vision techniques have shown effective results in the classifcation of plant diseases, however, several challenges remain. Tomatoes and Potatoes newlineare widely cultivated and consumed vegetables worldwide and are a primary economic newlinesource for many countries. These sensitive plants are prone to various diseases during newlinegrowth, leading to signifcant losses in productivity and fnancial impact on farmers. -
Organizational culture, leadership styles, personal commitment and learning organization:An exploratory study
There is an accelerating change in the scope of all areas of human existence in this century. There are tidal waves of changes being felt by academicians also. To accept change that provides internal steadiness while moving ahead is one of the challenges academic institutions have to face. To improve an organization's quality there are many routes for organizational development through change. -
A critical analysis of the contemporary popular malayalam motion pictures as compared to the malayalam movies of 1980s /
Malayalam new wave films prominently made by Adoor Gopalakrishnan and Aravindan bagged several national awards which helped to make a mark in the history of Indian cinema. But these movies were not reaching the wavelength of general audience who found it difficult to relate to it. Later the types of movies were produced which was a synthesis of art films and commercial films. It was called middle stream cinema because it contained the aspect of realistic portrayal of human life and social issues. It was also easy for the general audience to grasp the content of those movies. So the period of 1980s where the middle stream films flourished was a mile stone in Malayalam cinema. The movies which were produced after 2000 in Malayalam also showed a sense of social reality in it compared to the previous decade. With the kind of technical advancement filmmakers of current era are able to experiment in the narratives maintaining the realistic feel of movies. The analysis showcases changing trends of the movies from the Malayalam movie industry taking into consideration the technological advancements, socio-economic and cultural factors. -
Factors influencing family reintergration of children in conflict with law
The Children in Conflict with Law (CCL) is one of the two categories of children under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 (JJA, 2015). The behaviour formation of the CCL is significant because it could help the children: (a) from being a possible threat to society, and (b) being disciplined at all stages of their growth. The failure of newlinebehaviour correction of CCL may lead to severe recidivism, and can potentially newlinetransform them into experienced criminals who would not be tolerated by any society. newlineReintegration of CCL back into their family is the best solution for the problem. The newlineresearch Factors influencing family reintegration of CCL is an attempt to find the factors influencing these children, their family environment, and the society as a newlinewhole for reintegration. This fact-finding study has been completed with an explanatory sequential method in a mixed-research approach. The child offender s demographic details, personality, family environment, social support, and protective factors were part of this research s study. The data were collected both quantitatively and qualitatively. The self-made interview schedules and a standardised tool of the newlineBig Five Personality Inventory were used quantitatively. Case studies through in depth interviews and observations were applied qualitatively to collect data. Simple newlinefrequency analysis and cross-case study with thematic analysis have been used for newlineanalysing the data. Though many powerful social support systems like the Juvenile newlineJustice Board (JJB), District Child Protection Unit (DCPU), Police and Non Governmental Organisations (NGO) supported the reintegration of CCL actively, the newlinepersonality of the children and their family environment with its traditions had created adverse effects on the attempts towards reintegration. Twenty to thirty per cent newlineof successful reintegration proves that a scientific and timely intervention can solve newlinethe problems of juvenile delinquency to a great extent. -
Factors influencing family reintegration of children in conflict with law
The Children in Conflict with Law (CCL) is one of the two categories of children under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 (JJA, 2015). The behaviour formation of the CCL is significant because it could help the children: (a) from being a possible threat to society, and (b) being disciplined at all stages of their growth. The failure of behaviour correction of CCL may lead to severe recidivism, and can potentially
transform them into experienced criminals who would not be tolerated by any society. Reintegration of CCL back into their family is the best solution for the problem. The research “Factors influencing family reintegration of CCL” is an attempt to find the factors influencing these children, their family environment, and the society as a whole for reintegration. This fact-finding study has been completed with an explanatory sequential method in a mixed-research approach. The child offender’s demographic details, personality, family environment, social support, and protective factors were part of this research’s study. The data were collected both quantitativelyand qualitatively. The self-made interview schedules and a standardised tool of the Big Five Personality Inventory were used quantitatively. Case studies through indepth interviews and observations were applied qualitatively to collect data. Simple frequency analysis and cross-case study with thematic analysis have been used for analysing the data. Though many powerful social support systems like the Juvenile Justice Board (JJB), District Child Protection Unit (DCPU), Police and Non Governmental Organisations (NGO) supported the reintegration of CCL actively, the personality of the children and their family environment with its’ traditions had created adverse effects on the attempts towards reintegration. -
Impact of advertising slogans as a connecting medium between brands and consumers in India /
Advertising Slogans are short memorable words or phrases used in different advertisement campaigns. These have a lot of Impact on the consumers when they think of buying a product. They are the main means of attraction to an aspect of a product. Advertisers use it as an essential tool for the marketing of the brands. In a way these help in connecting people irrespective / respective of their class, creed, culture etc. -
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Popularity of food blogs: Exploring the rationale /
Food blogs have been introduced to the world long years back. But it gained popularity only in recent years. It was considered as a leisure medium or as a hobby. The need for food blogs came into existence when people started to write about the food they ate or which they cooked. Most of the people who follow food blogs get attracted to the facts like the content, photographs, visual appeal etc. -
Environmental Reporting Practices : Evidence From Indian Commercials Banks
The last decade has witnessed increasing concern towards the environment due to the ravages inflicted on them by mankind. With the concept of sustainable development perpetually growing over the years, global institutions have been acknowledging their other duties towards the society, and have been integrating environmental practices into their strategic framework to significantly contribute to the sustainable bandwagon. However, since the financial crisis of newline2008, it has been found that banking institutions have become active participants in fostering environmental sustainability. Also, due to the increased awareness and pressure from the stakeholders, these institutions have been reporting their environmental initiatives and practices in their bank reports and websites. The extensive review of the literature reveals that there are hardly any studies that have been carried out in the Indian context, pertinently in the banking sector. Therefore, considering this as a major research gap, the present study aims to comprehensively evaluate the environmental reporting practices of selected commercial banks in India for the period from 2011 to 2022. newlineThis study follows an explorative and descriptive research design, with a deductive research approach. However, this research is based on secondary data, and adopts both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Following the judgmental sampling technique, the sample of the study consists of thirty public and private commercial banks in India. The content analysis technique has been adopted to extract environmental information from bank reports and websites using the developed environmental reporting index. The independent sample t-test is newlineused to compare the environmental reporting performance of public and private-sector newlinecommercial banks. This study analyses the relationship between environmental reporting and bank-specific characteristics using the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. -
Exploring the Professional Problems Faced by Beginning Counsellors
Counselling Education at a Post-graduate level is of recent origin in India. Every year a number of students who complete their Post-graduate studies (M.Sc.) in Counselling get employed in various settings. As trainees their issues related to practice of counseling get addressed in training sessions, in supervision and through other means like personal therapy. Nothing is conclusively known about their status as beginning counselors. The aim and objectives of the study were exploring the professional problems faced by beginning counselors and the ways in which they are coping with them and their suggestions to cope as individuals and the ways in which the training institutes could help them to cope. The study was done by conducting two focus group discussions (FGD) of six beginning counselors and personal in-depth interviews of three beginning counselors who were working in different settings like Clinical-rehab, School and Employee Assistance Programme (EAP). While three school counsellors, two counsellors working in clinical-rehab settings and one EAP counsellor formed the participants of FGD, one counsellor from each of these settings who was not part of FGD was interviewed personally. While for the FGDs, the researcher used the self-constructed guide, for the interviews, the findings of FGD data which formed the Interview Schedule. Both the FGDs and the interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed and analyzed with conventional content analysis. Data from both the FGDs and interviews were included to form the Results. The findings show the various professional problems faced by the beginning counselors and the coping strategies used by them and their suggestions for coping with their professional problems at an individual level and at an institutional level. Implications for professional development, training of counsellors and scope for future research are presented. Key Words: Beginning Counsellors, Professional Problems, Coping, Professional Development. -
Portrayal of Pakistanis in Kabir Khan films /
The Bollywood cinema has metamorphosed into an abiding passion for audience all over the world cutting across demographic and political boundaries. Besides the rather visible signs of the extensive hold that mainstream Hindi cinema has on Particularly the Indian society, the fact remains that, contemporary commercial Hindi films have reflected political and social concerns of all the time. -
A Study on psycho-social problems of persons with chronic renal failure with specific reference to bangalore cosmopolitan city
The present research is an attempt to describe the psychosocial problems faced by individuals with chronic renal failure in Bangalore cosmopolitan city. The aim of the study was to describe the level of psycho social problems experienced by them and to develop a psychosocial intervention programme to address this issue. The researcher adopted newlinedescriptive research design. The sample of 200 individual with chronic renal failure was newlineselected with consecutive sampling technique from St. John s Hospital and Medical College, newlineJayanagar Government Hospital and Manipal Hospital. The researcher used structured newlineinterview schedule to collect the data; to study the psychosocial problems, Psychosocial newlineAssessment Tool (PAT-5)-A measure of psychosocial problems in Haemodialysis Patients (Kansal, 2010) was adopted. newlineThe results of the study depict that, in the health awareness domain more than half (52%) of the patients were having moderate level of problems and 13.5% reported severe level of newlineproblems. In the occupational domain, three fourth (75.5%) of the patients reported severe level of problems; in family and social domain, nearly half of the patients (46%) reported severe level of problems. In the financial domain, two third (66%) reported severe problems. In the psychological domain it is seen that near about half (41%) reported severe level of newlinepsychological distress. The overall psychosocial score of the patients reveal that nearly half (47.5%) of patients felt severe level of psychosocial problems. Based on the finding of the study, needs assessment and discussion with the experts in the field a psychosocial intervention programme has evolved. It is suggested that effective use of this intervention programme can reduce the psychosocial problems faced by the patients and lead to better clinical outcomes. -
A novel framework for cloud-based analytic of massive and multi-structured healthcare images for real-time insights
The dependency of healthcare industry on the information and communication technology newline(ICT) domain is consistently on the rise in order to conceptualize and provide1537608 newlinesophisticated services to various newlinestakeholders including patients, newlinecaregivers, support service providers, medical practitioners, and experts. There are a variety of decisive advancements in the diagnosis, medication and surgical processes, medical electronics, instruments and equipment, healthcare-centric robots, a bevy of cloud-based healthcare software solutions, medical data hubs, etc. One direct offshoot of all these developments is that the amount of multi-structured data is exponentially growing. There is a litany of support and expert systems in order to lessen the doctors workloads. However the brewing challenges and new-generation requirements include the real-time processing of medical data to extract real-time insights and decision-enablement, the substantial enhancements in appropriate and accurate processing and understanding of various and overlapped symptoms towards correct and strategically sound decisions, the real-time analytics of medical data, the empowerment of medical devices to assist surgeons and specialists in performing their tasks in an assured manner, etc. newlineThe Problem Description - Medical imaging is one of the fundamental and most important areas of the healthcare system. This needs accuracy in processing and producing best results for further diagnosis and action. There are various factors impelling medical imaging like patient preparation, different scanning modalities, the scanner used to capture the image and various algorithms adopted for processing the captured images.