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Impact of Comprehensive Intervention Program on HIV Positive AdolescentsA Cross-Case Analysis
Background: This study was conducted to understand the impact of comprehensive intervention on HIV positive adolescents. Methods: Among the 97 adolescents who were screened, 48 HIV positive adolescents in the experimental group underwent intervention for 6 months focusing on physical, cognitive, affective, and social domains to create flourishing adolescence. The sample consisted of 2 who showed remarkable improvement and 2 who showed negligible improvement post-intervention. Multiple case study design was adopted, and the data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The themes identified among the outliers at the higher end were increased self-awareness, self-esteem, coping skill, optimistic attitude, sense of gratitude, and availability of support. The themes gathered from the outliers at the lower end were low self-esteem, lack of support, lack of purpose, pessimistic attitude, and emotional vulnerability. Conclusions: Optimistic/pessimistic attitude, self-esteem and perception of support were the intersecting factors which were enhanced among the participants who showed improvement, and lack of these factors were seen among the ones who showed negligible improvement. 2023 The Author(s). -
Impact of corporate governance attributes on cost of equity: Evidence from an emerging economy
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to construct a comprehensive Indian corporate governance index in light of the recently introduced Companies Act, 2013, which is further validated by analyzing its impact on the cost of equity of a firm. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the hand-collected data from firms listed on S&P BSE 500 from 2001 to 2016, this index comprises seven equally weighted sub-indices, comprising a total of 43 corporate governance attributes. This index and the sub-indices have further been regressed with the cost of equity of a firm. Findings: The results suggest a negative significant relationship between the overall corporate governance and the cost of equity. The study also suggests that among all the sub-indices, board composition predicts the cost of equity to a greater extent. Other than this, the audit committee sub-index has a negative significant association with the cost of equity. The findings imply that a well-governed firm enjoys ease of access to equity finance from the market. Originality/value: The corporate governance index is based on the recent regulatory reforms introduced in India. The index, with certain changes suitable to the local context, can be applied to similar emerging economies as well. The causal relationship tested using this method is the first one done in India. This study adds to the domain of corporate governance literature with special focus on the construction of an index for an emerging economy. 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Impact of corporate governance on financial performance of information technology companies
Corporate Governance is a broad term in todays competitive world. It is a series of processes, policies, rules, and regulations by which companies are managed and governed. In this perspective, the study attempts to analyze the impact of corporate governance on the financial performance of Information Technology (IT) Companies in India. Specifically, the study analyzed the impact of Board size, Board Composition, and Audit Committee Independence on Return on Assets and Return on Equity, which are considered as measures of financial performance. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant and positive impact of Corporate Governance on Financial performance of IT companies, and Audit Committee Independence shows the most significant effect on Financial performance. The finding of the study endeavors to contribute to the limited literature available in the context of corporate governance in IT companies in India. BEIESP. -
Impact of COVID-19 on Delivery of Quality Hospitality Education in India
The Covid-19 pandemic caused many industries globally to undergo radical changes in their operational systems, disrupting the service delivery processes. The education industry is no exception to this phenomenon. India's higher educational institutions witnessed the immense challenge of taking the teaching process online with limited means and infrastructural support. This study aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on the delivery of education online in India with particular reference to hospitality courses. A survey of 250 students and interview of 10 faculty members from 5 universities offering hospitality course across India showed that the online learning system is far from satisfactory and effective. Moreover, teachers need to undergo training sessions in order to improve their online teaching skills and create newer methods of imparting skills and evaluating students' performance. IJHTS -
Impact of COVID-19 on NSE Sectoral Indices
The paper examined the level of impact of COVID-19 on different sectors of the Indian economy using NSE sectoral indices under the event study methodology. Multiple events and event windows were considered to examine the sectoral impact of the pandemic on different events and at various stages of the outbreak. Amongst the specific events considered, the lockdown announcement had a significant impact on sectoral indices, whereas the stimulus package announcement had limited impact and the 1st COVID-19 case had no impact on sectoral indices. The impact was intensive in the prelockdown period leading to the intensive lockdown, there was not much impact in other phases. The overall impact of the COVID-19 outbreak was significantly negative on Banks, Financial Services, and Realty indices, and positive on Pharma and FMCG indices. The media index showed no significant impact of the pandemic. Indian Institute of Finance. -
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Beach Tourism in India
COVID-19 Pandemic has a profound Impact on the Indian tourism sector, especially on beach tourism. Research shows significant changes in the pattern of the ecological terrain of coastal areas and on the community dependent on tourism business and marine life, due to the imposition of lockdown for several months. The paper discusses the change in behavioral patterns of people during Pre and Post COVID-19 for visiting any beach destination in near future in terms of preferences in accommodation, selection of beaches based on crowd and other factors that will be considered in post pandemic days. This study brings out various key indicators shaping the pattern of beach holidays in the future based on the survey conducted among tourists belonging to youth population. The survey considered the tourists preferences of visits and factors they would look upon to choose beach holidaying in the Post COVID-19 years. The influence of the pandemic on quality of beaches, visitorswillingness to visit beaches in future, Post Pandemic opportunities and strategies of destinations for shaping tourism further have also been examined. Copyright IJHTS. -
Impact of COVID-19-Related Distress on Anxiety and Depression of College Students
The current study explores the impact of COVID-19 related distress factors on the mental well-being of college students. For the purpose of the study, mental well-being is measured through the depression symptoms and general anxiety levels of the students. The study used judgemental sampling to identify the respondents of the study. The final sample consisted of 147 respondents and the data was analysed on SPSS. The results suggested that while COVID-19 distress factors were not significant in predicting the level of depression symptoms experienced by the students, the general anxiety levels were significantly impacted by the distress factors. The findings are particularly useful for the teachers and institutions working to connect and teach through online platforms. 2022, Commonwealth of Learning. All rights reserved. -
Impact of determinants on early internationalization: An exploratory study of Indian engineering SMEs
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of determinants on early internationalization in the context of an emerging economy, i.e. India. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on an ex post facto exploratory research using primary data collected from a sample of 102 exporting small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Bangalore. Findings: The overall results reveal that it is the proactive entrepreneurs and their previous experience that determine the early internationalization of SMEs. Further, competitive constraint was a major obstacle to enter the international market at an early age for late internationalized SMEs. Practical implications: The policy initiatives should aim to develop the international orientation of the entrepreneurs in the firm as a precursor for the formulation and subsequent implementation of internationalization strategies. Originality/value: Although studies have been conducted on determinants and early internationalization, these are confined to a few dimensions, and none of the studies have looked into the issues affecting the early internationalization holistically and with respect to SMEs in India. 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Impact of digital payments on economic growth: Evidence from India
In recent years, economic transactions are carried out through electronic or online or cashless means all over the world especially in developed countries and developing countries like India. As a result of increased digital means of payment has brought down usage of cash transactions in the economy. Digital transactions have the features of speed, less cost, and comfort. A well functioning digital payment system has much relevance on overall economic activity, monetary policy, and financial stability of a country. This study tries to verify the impact of digital payments on the economic growth of India. The economic growth is measured through a proxy real Gross Domestic Product. Digital payments are measured using Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS), Clearing Corporation of India Ltd (CCIL) operated systems, paper clearing, retail electronic clearing, Card payments, and Prepaid Payment Instruments (PPIs). Data for digital payments and real GDP are collected from the year 2011 to 2019. Ordinary Least Square Regression, Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ADRL) co-integration approach and ARDL Bounds test are employed for the analysis. The study results reveal that digital payments impact economic growth significantly in the short run. But, digital payments dont impact economic growth in the long-run. BEIESP. -
Impact of digital payments on economic growth: Evidence from India /
International Journal of Innovative Technology And Exploring Engineering, Vol.8, Issue 10, pp.553-557, ISSN No: 2278-3075. -
Impact of Digital Storytelling on Middle School Students' Attitudes Toward English Language Learning
The integration of digital storytelling (DST) into teaching has significantly influenced educational development, especially English language acquisition. This study examines the impact of DST-integrated pedagogy on students' attitudes and perceptions toward learning English. In a quantitative study using an experimental design, 200 middle school students were purposively selected and divided into control and experimental groups. The control group received the traditional method of language teaching, while the experimental group received the DST method. Data were collected through a survey and analysed using descriptive and Wilcoxon test. The results suggest that exposure to DST positively influenced students' attitudes and led to better understanding, engagement, and motivation in learning English in the treatment group. This suggests that incorporating DST into English lessons can improve teaching quality and students' overall progress. Further analysis is needed to fully explore the potential of DST-based instruction in developing language acquisition skills. 2024 IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Impact of Digital Storytelling on Motivation in Middle School English Classrooms
Motivation is a key factor in the learning process, especially in language acquisition. This research examines the effects of using digital storytelling (DST) on motivation in English classrooms. The study, which used a mixed methods approach, involved 100 middle school students in Bengaluru selected through convenience sampling. Data collection methods included questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Students were divided into experimental and control groups, with the former receiving DST-integrated instruction and the latter being taught using traditional methods. The results of the quantitative analysis showed a positive influence on motivation in the experimental group compared to the control group. Qualitative results showed that implementing DST increased students' motivation, engagement, and understanding of the English language more effectively than traditional teaching methods. Further research is encouraged to explore the full potential of DST to improve student language skills and motivation. 2024 IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Impact of domestic investment, market size, and trade openness on outward fdi: A panel data analysis on brics
The recent phenomenal increase in the outward foreign direct investment (FDI) of emerging countries has raised concerns among policymakers. One school of thought argues that when multinational firms relocate production facilities abroad, it reduces the likelihood of concurrent investments in the home country, resulting in reduced domestic output. In this case, the outward FDI would harm the domestic investments. The other argues that the outward FDI would be more advantageous for the domestic investment when firms internationalize for entering into new markets and/or to import intermediate goods, wherein outward investments boost the returns in the home country, leading to a positive impact of outward FDI on domestic investment. The influence of the outward FDI on the domestic investment of any country or a region state cannot be generalized as each country is unique, and the drivers of investments would differ for different countries at the different development phases of each country. An attempt was made in this study to empirically trace the impact of the domestic investment, market size, and trade openness of the BRICS's members on the BRICS's outward FDI as a group. The results of the panel least square method highlighted that the variables - domestic investment and trade openness of BRICS had a positive effect on the outward FDI; whereas, the market size of BRICS was inversely related to outward FDI of BRICS. The data were tested for stationarity and Hausman test validated the results. 2019, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Impact of Financial Literacy and Behavioural Biases on Investment Decision-making
Investors financial literacy entails making sound investment decisions and the behavioural biases or irrational behaviour in decision-making that are collectively formed by heuristic bias, framing effect, cognitive illusions and herd mentality factors. The present study examines the combined impact of financial literacy and behavioural biases on investment decisions. A questionnaire was developed using Likert scaling technique to elicit study variables and collected data was analysed using SEM technique. The results showed that heuristic bias had a significant positive association with the creation of behavioural bias in decision-making. However, the framing effect, cognitive illusions and herd mentality have negative associations in the formation of behavioural biases. Further, investors often practice and follow heuristic biases rather than other irrational techniques for making investment decisions. Therefore, the financial literacy of individual investors has a significant impact on affecting stock market investment decisions. 2021 Fortune Institute of International Business. -
Impact of financial literacy on investment behavior and consumption behaviour of middle-class families in Karnataka, India
Financial Literacy is an inevitable parameter in the current competitive society. The process of financial literacy is to make people aware about safe savings and other investment products available. This improved awareness will lead to better financial behaviour in terms of saving, budgeting and availing the credit wisely at cheaper cost. In tune with that, an attempt has been made in this paper to measure the impact of financial literacy on investment behavior and consumption behavior of middle-class families in Karnataka. Structured questionnaire is used to collect the data from 444 respondents. Stratified random sampling method is adopted.Confirmatory factor analysis is used to verify the model, and hypothesized relation is tested by applying the Structural Equation Model (SEM) to find the goodness of fit. The study resulted in that financial literacy has an impact on investment behavior and consumption behavior of the middle-class families in Karnataka. However, investment behavior is not influencing the consumption behavior of an individual and vice versa. 2019 SERSC. -
Impact of financial literacy on savings behavior: the moderation role of risk aversion and financial confidence
This research examines the impact of financial literacy on the savings behavior of investors residing in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. It also investigates the moderating impact of financial confidence and risk aversion in the relationship between financial literacy and savings behavior. The primary data were collected from 357 respondents through a structured questionnaire using the snowball sampling method. The findings of this study suggest that financial literacy has a positive impact on investors' savings behavior. Further, the study also found that risk aversion significantly moderates the relationship between financial literacy and savings behavior. The three-way interaction between financial literacy, risk aversion, and financial confidence significantly affects the investors savings behavior. The study suggests that policymakers should emphasize training programs for investors on financial literacy, financial confidence, and risk aversion. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2024. -
Impact of functional interdependency on employee satisfaction with performance appraisal in the real estate industry
Unbiased performance appraisal tends to bolster the performance of employees. The studies indicate several inadequacies with the current performance appraisal systems. Functional interdependence is one such factor that has been ignored. The study aims to find the factors that can improve the satisfaction with performance appraisal of employees whose deliverables are highly interdependent on other functions. Organizational justice, rater competence, inter-functional conflict, and cohesion are considered the mediating variables. To test the model, the data are collected through a survey using a questionnaire from the executives of Indian real estate companies who have undergone the appraisal process at least once. Firms with more than 500 employees are randomly selected for the list of members of the real estate developers' associations. The results show that functional interdependency has a negative impact on satisfaction with performance appraisal. Although conflict and cohesion are found to influence satisfaction with performance appraisal, they did not mediate the effect of functional interdependency on satisfaction with performance appraisal. However, the study found that rater competence and organizational justice have a mediating effect. The study provides practical implications to HR managers of real estate companies to train the raters and include the complexities of functional interdependencies in the appraisal system. A grievance mechanism should be created to address the employees' concerns, ultimately improving satisfaction with performance appraisal. Elangovan N., Sridhar Rajendran, 2020 -
Impact of Globalization and Multinational Corporations on Farmer Suicides in India: An Overview, Effects, Strategies and Policies
The tragic rise of farmer suicides in India brought to light some of the high social and ecological costs associated with globalization and unsustainable agriculture. The study analyzes the impact of globalization and MNCs on farmer suicides and suggests strategies and policies. The crucial findings show regressive agricultural policies, output declines, insufficient credit support, private parties intervention, land fragmentation, and the high cost of cultivation due to the privatization of the seed sector that led to worst debt traps among other factors as major contributors to this turmoil. This research underlines the ongoing efforts in understanding and tackling these issues. 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT ADVERTISEMENTS ABOUT AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION IN SENSITISING RURAL FARMERS: A STUDY OF MARATHWADA REGION IN MAHARASHTRA
To stimulate the agricultural sector, the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, has initiated a myriad of welfare initiatives aimed at farmers, entailing a substantial financial commitment. A portion of this financial outlay is also allocated to the dissemination of pertinent information among the farming community. However, a pertinent question arises: does this information reach the rural farmers and do they avail the benefit? The present study attempts to address this issue. Based on a tested questionnaire, a primary survey was conducted in Marathwada region of Maharashtra where the incidence of agrarian crisis is insurmountable. The study found a limited impact of government advertisements regarding agricultural information on farmers in terms of increasing their awareness level. The primary conduit for agricultural information, as ascertained by the study, predominantly stems from informal sources. Among the socio-economic characteristics, only education and land ownership are found to have an impact on the level of awareness and their willingness to acquire information on agriculture. The percentages of farmers, who are aware of the scheme and get its benefits, do not even exceed 30 per cent, irrespective of the scheme under consideration. It was found that only limited farmers are taking benefit of the scheme even after receiving information. A general disinterest was observed among the farmers because of the heavy paperwork of availing those benefits. To engender a constructive transformation in farmers awareness levels regarding agricultural schemes and programmes, a well-thought-out and strategic endeavour becomes indispensable. 2022 National Institute of Rural Development. All rights reserved. -
Impact of helpful reviews on customer purchase intention with special reference to mobile phone reviews
Technological advances in the digital space have provided renewed impetus to businesses. Costly, labor-intensive marketing campaigns have been replaced by digital marketing. However, along with benefits, the increasing sophistication and exponential growth of e-commerce businesses have also introduced new challenges. The large number of similar product offerings and the high volume of reviews have created a technology-induced hurdle for consumers that can impair their thought processes. Often, users will only scan the top few reviews to arrive at a decision. In the current setup, older reviews that accumulate votes over time are found at the top of the helpful review list, in contrast to fresh entrants. The current study proposes placing reviews in appropriate positions in the helpful review list using statistical and scientifically derived helpfulness scores. The study utilized a sample of consumer goods (specifically, mobile phones) and re-ranked reviews based on their expected score. Amazon.in provided the initial review dataset. Random Forest and gradient-boosting regression techniques were used to predict review helpfulness. An Elaboration Likelihood Model was used to explore the impact of central and peripheral cues on review helpfulness. The gradient-boosting regression was the best-performing method of predicting review helpfulness, and the reviews were re-ranked. The re-ranked reviews were tested for helpfulness vis-a-vis the initial ranking of reviews using the survey method. The result indicated that the proposed re-ranking of reviews was more helpful to end users and helped mitigate uncertainty in decisions. The study utilized the Information Acceptance Model to assess the influence of electronic word of mouth on purchase intention. 2023 Conscientia Beam. All Rights Reserved.