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Entropy generation analysis of radiative Williamson fluid flow in an inclined microchannel with multiple slip and convective heating boundary effects
The main theme of the current work is to investigate the flow and heat transport characteristics of non-Newtonian Williamson fluid in an inclined micro-channel along with entropy generation analysis. The significance of the thermal radiation, convective boundary condition, and multiple slip effects is explored. The entropy generation of the system has been analyzed by adopting the 2nd law of thermodynamics. The rheological expressions of the Williamson fluid model are also taken into account. The nonlinear system is tackled by using the finite element method. An appropriate comparison has been made with previously published results in the literature as a limiting case of the considered problem. The comparison confirmed an excellent agreement. Detailed discussion of the significance of effective parameters on Bejan number, entropy generation rate, temperature and velocity is presented through graphs. The numerical results portray that the entropy generation and Bejan number have escalating behavior to the higher value of angle of inclination. Furthermore, the Bejan number changing its behavior at two points for different values of Reynolds number. IMechE 2021. -
The Effect of Customer Satisfaction on Use Continuance in Bank Chatbot Service
Chatbots are text-based conversational agents that use Natural Language Processing to converse with customers. Chatbot has revolutionized the service industry by providing a customer-centric environment and a cost-effective business pattern to service providers. This technology is still maturing and has already influenced a lot of businesses due to its effective human-like interaction in different sectors. The banking industry too has adopted this very well. However, the acceptance level of this service is relatively slow among banking customers when compared to other sectors. This study focuses on the role of customer satisfaction factors that influence the use continuance of Chatbot services in the banking sector. A quantitative research design, using a purposive sampling method with a sample size of 422 respondents was considered. The data was analysed using SPSS and JMP. The results gave some new perspectives that will help the service providers to identify the antecedents that influence the use continuance of Chatbot service. IJCESEN. -
Thermal and entropy generation of non-Newtonian magneto-Carreau fluid flow in microchannel
The heat flow in microchannels can be established in numerous applications such as micro air vehicles, mechanicalelectromechanical systems, cooling of electronic devices and micro heat exchanger systems. Heat flow optimization deliberates the function of entropy generation minimization (EGM) in engineering applications. Hence, this paper investigates the heat transport of non-Newtonian magneto-Carreau fluid in a microchannel with EGM. Mathematical modeling incorporates the Carreau fluid model. Further, viscous heating, Joule heating and convective heating aspects are also analyzed. The physical features of entropy production in the flow of non-Newtonian Carreau fluid in a microchannel are the major focus of this model. Dimensionless variables are executed for the simplicity of basic equations. The subsequent system is treated by using finite element method. Behaviors of effective parameters on velocity, Bejan number, entropy generation rate and temperature are interpreted. It is established that EGM is occurred for larger values of Weissenberg number. The Carreau fluid exponent is positively related to Bejan number, whereas it is negatively related to EG, temperature and velocity fields. 2020, Akadiai Kiad Budapest, Hungary. -
Brinkman-Forchheimer slip flow subject to exponential space and thermal-dependent heat source in a microchannel utilizing SWCNT and MWCNT nanoliquids
This communication examines the impact of carbon nanotubes (single-wall carbon nanotubes [SWCNT] and multi-wall carbon nanotubes [MWCNT]) on magnetohydrodynamic Brinkman and Forchheimer flow in a planar microchannel with multiple slips. Flow through a porous medium is modeled via Brinkman and Forchheimer theory. The impacts of thermal-dependent heat source (THS) and exponential space-dependent heat source (ESHS) are deployed. Aspects of Joule and viscous dissipations are also retained. The dimensionless equations are solved using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg joint with shooting methodology. The significance of various nondimensional parameters on the flow distributions as well as skin-friction and Nusselt number is illustrated and analyzed. Closed form solution of momentum quantity is developed for a particular case. Obtained numerical results are in perfect agreement with analytical results. Further, the results of SWCNT and MWCNT are compared. 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. -
Spectroscopic Studies on Structurally Modified Anthraquinone Azo Hydrazone Tautomer: Theoretical and Experimental Approach
A series of unique four mono-azo substituted anthraquinone analogue were synthesized by using the anthraquinone components in the diazo-coupling technique. The FT-IR, 1H NMR, and HRMS, data were used to confirm the structure of the molecules, and spectroscopic techniques like UV-Vis, and photoluminescence spectroscopy were employed to estimate the photophysical properties of the molecules. The molecular optimized geometry and frontier molecular orbitals were estimated using density functional theory. Further, global chemical reactivity descriptors parameter was theoretically estimated using the value of the highest occupied molecular orbit and lowest unoccupied molecular orbits. The anti-tubercular action of the synthesised dyes were also examined. The results of this biological activity showed that N-isopropyl aniline combined with anthraquinone N-isopropyl aniline had superior anti-tubercular activity when compared to Rifampicin as the standard. As per molecular docking studies, the synthesized compound Q1 showed excellent binding energy (-10.0kcal/mol) among all compounds against the 3ZXR Protein. These results agreed with our in-vitro anti-TB activity results. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Photophysical and antitubercular studies on newly synthesised structurally architectured sulphonamide
This study presents the synthesis and characterisation of four mono-azo sulphonamide derivatives through diazo-coupling electrophilic substitution reactions. The structural analysis of the synthesised molecules was conducted utilising FT-IR, 1H-NMR and HR-MS techniques. Absorption and fluorescence maxima of the synthesised molecules were determined across solvents of varying polarity to explore Solvatochromic behaviour. Density functional theory was employed to elucidate electronic and optical properties, including the computation of HOMOLUMO energies using Gaussian 09W software, with comparisons to experimental data. Molecular electrostatic potential 3D plots identified electrophilic and nucleophilic sites. Solvent interactions were evaluated using KamletAbboud Taft and Catalan parameters. Further, global chemical reactivity descriptors were estimated to ascertain chemical reactivity of the molecules. Additionally, the effectiveness of the colourant anti-tubercular activity was evaluated using in vitro and molecular docking techniques. The biological activity results reveal that methyl-pyridone and barbituric acid coupled with sulphamethizole (SMP and SMB) displayed excellent anti-tubercular activity compared with the standard Gentamycin. 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Synthesis, Computational, and Photophysical Probing Studies on Mono-Azo Sulfonamides, and Their Antibacterial Activity
Abstract: Objective: Novel azo-linked substituted sulfonamides were synthesized via diazo coupling with the molecular formula (C9H10N4O2S2, C11H11N3O2S) and characterized by FT-IR, UV-vis, HR-MS, and 1H NMR spectroscopy techniques. The photophysical studies were carried out using experimental techniques. Absorption and fluorescence maxima of all the synthesized molecules were determined by using different solvents. Our synthesized mono-azo derivatives are interested in identifying the cellular target site for sulfonamides (F1-F2) and (P1-P2). The newly synthesized compounds were examined for their in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains. Methods: In this study, we focused on the sulfonamide architecture. Antibacterial activity of compound (F1), (F2), (P1), and (P2) derivatives was studied by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone, using the Disc-agar diffusion method. Results and Discussion: Density functional theory was used to demonstrate the electronic and optical properties of the synthesized molecules. In the correlation between the HOMOLUMO energy gap, the derivative (F1) shows a higher (3.9866 eV) and (F2) shows a lower (3.2063 eV) excitation energy. The synthesized compound (F1) looks into antibacterial activity, exhibited more zone inhibition 25 mm in the concentration 75 L/mL in gram-negative bacteria when compared with the common antibiotic Ciprofloxacin. Additionally, the results emerged from the in silico molecular docking studies the compound (F2) showed highest binding energy against cyclin-dependent kinase (?Gb = 9.8 kcal/mol). Conclusions: The synthesized four mono-azo sulfonamide derivatives (F1), (F2), (P1), and (P2) are reported in photophysical, CDFT, antibacterial, and molecular docking studies with relevant results. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2024. -
Memetic Spider Monkey Optimization for Spam Review Detection Problem
Spider monkey optimization (SMO) algorithm imitates the spider monkey's fission-fusion social behavior. It is evident through literature that the SMO is a competitive swarm-based algorithm that is used to solve difficult real-life problems. The SMO's search process is a little bit biased by the random component that drives it with high explorative searching steps. A hybridized SMO with a memetic search to improve the local search ability of SMO is proposed here. The newly developed strategy is titled Memetic SMO (MeSMO). Further, the proposed MeSMO-based clustering approach is applied to solve a big data problem, namely, the spam review detection problem. A customer usually makes decisions to purchase something or make an image of someone based on online reviews. Therefore, there is a good chance that the individuals or companies may write spam reviews to upgrade or degrade the stature or value of a trader/product/company. Therefore, an efficient spam detection algorithm, MeSMO, is proposed and tested over four complex spam datasets. The reported results of MeSMO are compared with the outcomes obtained from the six state-of-art strategies. A comparative analysis of the results proved that MeSMO is a good technique to solve the spam review detection problem and improved precision by 3.68%. 2023 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers. -
BSSA: Binary Salp Swarm Algorithm with Hybrid Data Transformation for Feature Selection
Feature selection is a technique commonly used in Data Mining and Machine Learning. Traditional feature selection methods, when applied to large datasets, generate a large number of feature subsets. Selecting optimal features within this high dimensional data space is time-consuming and negatively affects the system's performance. This paper proposes a new binary Salp Swarm Algorithm (bSSA) for selecting the best feature set from transformed datasets. The proposed feature selection method first transforms the original data-set using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and fast Independent Component Analysis (fastICA) based hybrid data transformation methods; next, a binary Salp Swarm optimizer is used for finding the best features. The proposed feature selection approach improves accuracy and eliminates the selection of irrelevant features. We validate our technique on fifteen different benchmark data sets. We conduct an extensive study to measure the performance and feature selection accuracy of the proposed technique. The proposed bSSA is compared to Binary Genetic Algorithm (bGA), Binary Binomial Cuckoo Search (bBCS), Binary Grey Wolf Optimizer (bGWO), Binary Competitive Swarm Optimizer (bCSO), and Binary Crow Search Algorithm (bCSA). The proposed method attains a mean accuracy of 95.26% with 7.78% features on PCA-fastICA transformed datasets. The results show that bSSA outperforms the existing methods for the majority of the performance measures. 2013 IEEE. -
Effectiveness of Systematic Group Counselling in Enhancing Academic Performance, Emotional Intelligence and Moral Values of College Students with Unsatisfactory Academic Performance
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Research, Vol-1 (1), pp. 86-91. ISSN-2321-4872 -
EEG Neurofeedback Training in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cognitive and Behavioral Outcome Study
Background. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent childhood disorder with symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. EEG neurofeedback training (NFT) is a new intervention modality based on operant conditioning of brain activity, which helps reduce symptoms of ADHD in children. Methods and Procedures. To examine the efficacy of NFT in children with ADHD, an experimental longitudinal design with pre-post comparison was adopted. A total of 30 children in the age range of 6 to 12 years diagnosed as ADHD with or without comorbid conditions were assigned to treatment group (TG; n = 15) and treatment as usual group (TAU; n = 15). TG received EEG-NFT along with routine clinical management and TAU received routine clinical management alone. Forty sessions of theta/beta NFT at the C3 scalp location, 3 to 4 sessions in a week for a period of 3.5 to 5 months were given to children in TG. Children were screened using sociodemographic data and Binet-Kamat test of intelligence. Pre-and postassessment tools were neuropsychological tests and behavioral scales. Follow-up was carried out on 8 children in TG using parent-rated behavioral measures. Results. Improvement was reported in TG on cognitive functions (sustained attention, verbal working memory, and response inhibition), parent- and teacher-rated behavior problems and on academic performance rated by teachers. Follow-up of children who received NFT showed sustained improvement in ADHD symptoms when assessed 6 months after receiving NFT. Conclusion. The present study suggests that NFT is an effective method to enhance cognitive deficits and helps reduce ADHD symptoms and behavior problems. Consequently, academic performance was found to be improved in children with ADHD. Improvement in ADHD symptoms induced by NFT were maintained at 6-month follow-up in children with ADHD. EEG and Clinical Neuroscience Society (ECNS) 2018. -
A novel optimised method for speckle reduction in medical ultrasound images
The advancement of medical imaging techniques evolving from X-ray to PET images and the medical image analysis helped medical experts to detect, diagnose and offer treatments for complex disorders and deadly diseases in the human body. Among the various modalities used, Ultrasound imaging is the most widely accepted modality because of its affordability, non-invasive nature and various other features. But the presence of speckle noise in ultrasound image lowers the image quality and reduces diagnostic value. This article states an improved hybrid speckle noise reduction method, a combined application of Kuan and non-local means filters. In this method, Kuan filter is used to sharpen the edges and thereafter the speckle noise elimination is done by using the non-local means. In addition, the performance of the proposed hybrid filter and its design parameters are optimised by using a meta-heuristic called grey wolf optimiser. The performance of hybrid method is evaluated by analysing a chosen set of well-known post filtering methods used for speckle reduction with given ultrasound B-mode images. The comparison of test results using remarkable performance metrics and computation time demonstrate that the hybrid method can be used as the efficient speckle reduction method for image analysis. Copyright 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Development of an Efficient and Secured E-Voting Mobile Application Using Android
Smart technologies, particularly the development of the Internet, are employed to enhance the quality of human existence. Thanks to the Internet's explosive expansion, more and more tasks can now be completed quickly and easily compared to the earlier times. E-voting is a relatively recent field that has been identified. Voting can be conducted in a variety of methods, including in person at a polling place, online, and via a mobile application. The security of applications cannot be disregarded given the internet's explosive growth. In order to prevent phishing attacks, we created an Android application and included a 3-step security process before voting. Students can now vote online from any location at any time using a mobile device. Android Studio is used to create and deploy the application. While creating the voting application, this research adheres to the software development life cycle. The result of this research is the creation of a mobile application that is user-friendly for students and serves as a practical tool for letting them vote with three levels of security. 2022 Anli Sherine et al. -
Mathematical model for effective CO2 emission control with forest biomass using fractional operator
The emission of CO2 is the foremost culprit for global warming and is also considered a significant greenhouse gas. Due to the human populations tremendous growth and activities, the rate of CO2 in the atmosphere has increased. To mitigate the emission of CO2 there are artificial ways. But, naturally have a natural resource called "Forest Biomass," one of the significant sinks to absorb CO2 during photosynthesis. Considering all these factors, the main objective of the current investigation is to understand and illustrate the importance of forest biomass in the emission of CO2. The proposed nonlinear model consists of four variables: atmospheric CO2, human population, energy sectors, and forest biomass. We have studied the model both qualitatively and quantitatively, which will help us make future predictions. To study the model in depth, we have formed a fractional-order model to study the systems behavior at different ranges of fractional orders. The model is termed with the Caputo fractional operator. Boundness and Lyapunov stability for non-linear and fractional order models are studied, and equilibrium points, existence and uniqueness, and numerical simulation are examined. The Adams-Bashforth-Moulton method illustrates the essence of the systems numerical method. The numerical approach reveals that the altered models stability is unchanged. Also, we have examined the model by changing the parameter values to different fractional orders to understand the systems behavior, and the changes are captured as figures. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Synthesis and characterization of biowaste-derived porous carbon supported palladium: a systematic study as a heterogeneous catalyst for the reduction of nitroarenes
In this study, we present a green synthesis approach for the fabrication of porous carbon supported palladium catalysts derived from Caesalpinia pods. The synthesis involves self-activation of Caesalpinia pods in a nitrogen atmosphere at various temperatures (600C, 800C, and 1000C) to produce porous carbon nanoparticles. Among the synthesized carbon materials, the sample CP-CNS/10 synthesized at 1000C exhibited the highest surface area of 793 m2/g with an average pore size diameter of 1.8nm. The resulting porous carbon material served as an efficient support for palladium nanoparticles, with a low metal loading of about 0.2mol% Pd for the reaction. This catalyst demonstrated excellent performance in the reduction of nitroarenes to their corresponding aromatic amines. The successful incorporation of approximately 4.5% Pd during the deposition process highlights the potential of the porous carbon supported palladium catalyst synthesized at 1000C for a sustainable and efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the reduction of nitroarenes. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) Akadiai Kiad Budapest, Hungary 2024. -
Sustainable carbonaceous nanomaterial supported palladium as an efficient ligand-free heterogeneouscatalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling
A novel ligand-free heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized via pyrolysis of Samanea saman pods to produce carbon nanospheres (SS-CNSs), which served as a carbon support for immobilizing palladium nanoparticles through an in situ reduction technique (Pd/SS-CNS). The SS-CNSs effectively integrated 3% of Pd on their surfaces with no additional activation procedures needed. The nanomaterials obtained underwent thorough characterization employing various techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, EDS, ICP-AES, and BET. Subsequently, the efficiency of this Pd/SS-CNS catalyst was assessed for the synthesis of biaryl derivatives via Suzuki coupling, wherein different boronic acids were coupled with various aryl halides using an environmentally benign solvent mixture of EtOH/H2O and employing only 0.1 mol% of Pd/SS-CNS. The catalytic system was conveniently recovered through centrifugation and demonstrated reusability without any noticeable decline in catalytic activity. This approach offers economic viability, ecological compatibility, scalability, and has the potential to serve as an alternative to homogeneous catalysis. 2024 RSC. -
Parle Products: The Journey of Budget Brand Toward Premiumization
Parle Products has been one of the foremost pioneers of the biscuit and confectionery industry in India. Since its inception in 1929, Parle has been synonymous with quality, nutrition, taste, and affordability in India. Having more than 40 brands across different product categories in its portfolio, Parle Products has come a long way. Due to the enormous success of brand Parle-G, the mother brand Parle has been associated with values of affordability and quality. Parle has always been a strong player in the value segment and thus customers associate all brands of the company as being the affordable brand with quality. While the industry peers such as Britannia and Indian Tobacco Company (ITC) have positioned themselves as a champion of premium segments, Parle Products is still known as an affordable or budget brand among Indian masses. Considering the increasing demand for premium biscuits among the new generation of consumers, Parle Products has introduced the new division Parle Platina in 2017. But the transformation of value or budget brand into the luxury and premium brands is not easy, as the legacy of value brand among the masses is not easy to shake off. This becomes more difficult and challenging in a highly fragmented, competitive, and price-sensitive biscuit market like India. Another problem for the Parle Products is to hit the sweet spot between the mass market and the premium demographic which the brand is currently missing out in a highly fragmented and competitive Indian biscuit market. 2020 K. J. Somaiya Institute of Management. -
Old Monk: The Resurrection of a Heritage Brand
This case is developed to discuss options related to strategy in general and marketing strategy in particular that were implemented by an iconic brandOld Monkin the compelling attempt to revive the its brand value and relevance. The protagonist in the case is Mr Hemanth Mohan, the Director of this brand who is faced with serious challenges in resurrecting the brand in a hypercompetitive, ever-changing lifestyle alcoholic beverages market in India. The most significant of the challenges faced by Mr Mohan are changing tastes and preferences of the consumer, new foreign brands entering into the market, strong regulation, close monitoring from the government, and the monopoly of state-managed liquor retail chains. This case addresses and provides for the evaluation of various strategic options available for the brand in terms of repositioning itself in the relevant markets. The case presents questions related to how effectively a traditional brand can carry forward the legacy to redeem its brand value in the light of changing tastes and customer preferences. The case proposes to bring to light the importance of strategic decisions to be made around managing brand extensions in addressing the dilemma of brand value being spread too thin versus capitalizing on the past glory of the brand in finding life for the newly launched products under the known umbrella. This case is developed with an intent to be discussed among students pursuing undergraduate and/or graduate education in management discipline. The case is well aligned to be relevant for discussing concepts related to brand management, marketing strategy, strategic management, and consumer behavior. The content of this case is designed to be discussed and delivered in a typical 90-min class session, allowing students 120 min of pre-reading time and 120 min of post-discussion report preparation. 2020 K.J. Somaiya Institute of Management Studies and Research. -
Tanishq: Brand Activism Gone Wrong?
Mansoor Khan, 45, brand manager, Tanishq Jewellery for Media and Communications, was facing lots of backlashes for Tanishqs advertisement on interfaith marriage advertisement aired to promote unity and harmony amongst different communities. In contrast to its stated objective of promoting unity and oneness, this interfaith marriage advertisement created a huge controversy in social media dividing its consumers and netizens into two opposing camps supporting and some even boycotting the advertisement. The brand Tanishq was trolled because of its alleged insensitivity and blindness towards the recent spate of killings in interfaith love affairs and marriages across different parts of India. This controversial advertisement of interfaith marriage and its resultant controversy has left the brand manager pondering should brands rely on more mainstream work rather than any edgy or controversial messaging? Should brands add their business voice to the societal and cultural debates or just stick to conventional advertisement? Or should Tanishq take a moral high stand and continue to promote the advertisement or should it withdraw the controversial advertisement? Whether the reckless pursuit of social, environmental, political and cultural issues and brands may alienate the very customer base, who they try to impress? Therefore, this case intends to teach the postgraduate students of marketing about concepts and theories of brand activism, celebrity endorsement, brand management and brand crisis management. 2023 MDI. -
How to win back the disgruntled consumer? The omni-channel way
In a conventional wisdom, it was believed that in traditional consumer journey, consumer will engage in an extended consideration and evaluation before entering into the loyalty loop. But with the emergence of online and offline advocacy the modern consumers may skip various traditional phases and may directly enter into loyalty loop. Being well informed and empowered modern-day consumer would wait hardly few seconds before he shifts loyalty to the rival brands. Hence, the retailers and marketers need to deal with well informed and empowered consumers who are disloyal to the core. Therefore, this paper proposes the adoption of Omni-channel marketing as a strategy to deal with disloyal customers. This study is both analytical and theoretical in nature and is based on the secondary data as well as extensive review of literature on the subject. The findings of the study recommend that the adoption of Omni-channel marketing will reduce the loyalty depressing factors and increases the loyalty supporting factors amongst the consumers by creating seamless experience throughout their consumer journey. Therefore, this paper proposes the adoption of Omni channel marketing to retailers, brands and marketers to deal with well informed, empowered and disloyal consumers and to convert them into loyal consumers. 2018, Academy of Business and Retail Management Research.