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Understanding feminism on online platforms: Exploration and analysis of two online platforms
This article explores how feminism is practised and communicated on digital plat-forms. Feminism in India and Khabar Lahariya are two online platforms studied with interviews of respondents to understand how the online spaces are used for knowledge sharing that take feminist perspective. New media opened up spaces for people to communicate from any part of the world, create media content and circulate it. Visibility, privacy, accessibility and risks are negotiated by the report-ers and content creators to produce alternative cultural production from an inter-sectional feminist standpoint. 2022 Intellect Ltd Article. -
Understanding inhibitors to XBRL adoption: an empirical investigation
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the awareness of extensible business reporting language (XBRL) and the perception of chartered accountants of India concerning the inhibitors of XBRL adoption, namely, environmental, organizational and innovation factors developed by Troshani and Rao (2007) from Rogers innovation diffusion theory. In addition, the analysis also investigated the relationship between the perception of issues regarding XBRL adoption and individual characteristics (training, age, gender and professional experience). Design/methodology/approach: A Web-based questionnaire was circulated through e-mail to chartered accountants registered with the Institute of Chartered Accountants India (ICAI) and 233 chartered accountants responded to the questionnaire. The data was analyzed using reliability statistics and multivariate regression analyses. Findings: The results indicate that accountants perceived that environmental, organizational and innovational factors were challenging in adopting XBRL. Interestingly, training and experience were significant factors in explaining respondents perceptions. Practical implications: From a practical panorama, the significance of issues implies that associations such as XBRL International, XBRL India, ICAI and the Ministry of Corporate Affairs should collectively take the appropriate steps to sustain and ameliorate the reliability and adoption of XBRL. Social implications: The results can motivate ICAI/Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI) courses to teach academic content about XBRL. Originality/value: The present study differs from previous research because it examines the inhibitors in adopting XBRL, namely, environmental, organizational and innovation factors, in an empirical setting. Moreover, to the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first study to analyze the influence of individual factors on accountants perceptions about inhibitors of XBRL adoption. 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Understanding Labor Market Dynamics in Urban India Amidst the Pandemic: A Study Employing Supervised Learning Methods
This study provides insights into the dynamic job ladder and challenges in the Indian labor market, particularly when facing external shock. It examines the fluidity of job transitions among the employed, unemployed, and those not in the laborforce, focusing on the urban labor market of India during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using data from the 2020-21 Periodic Labour Force Survey, a longitudinal panel dataset was created to track individuals across four quarters, enabling the monitoring of their activity status. Employing K-Nearest Neighbour classification, the study identifies vulnerabilities in labor market engagement. It further explores factors driving transitions among the three states of labor market involvement, using a multinomial logistic model adjusted for selection bias. The research reveals significant movement within the labor force, with notable shifts between employment statuses. Even those currently employed are often vulnerable, at risk of detachment from the labor force at any time. Women were disproportionately affected, with evidence of discouraged worker effect, as many ceased jobs search duo to perceived job scarcity or unavailability of decent jobs. The study raised concerns about the sustainability of self-employment and the security of regular jobs. These findings expose enduring structural challenges exacerbated by the pandemic, calling for urgent action to address widespread unemployment, low female participation, and prevailing inequalities in the labor market. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Indian Econometric Society 2024. -
Understanding Peer Victimisation and Related Coping Strategies Among Young Adults
Peer victimisation is a term used to describe the process of an individual being bullied by other peers, physically as well as socially, which affects the victims personality, emotional functioning, behaviour, and well-being. In response, the victims adopt several coping strategies to deal with the situation. However, the experience makes an indelible mark on those who have been victims of the process. This current study aims to understand the perspectives of young adults who have experienced peer victimisation and also explore the coping strategies used by them. The study adopts a qualitative research design, based on which data was collected from young adults (n = 10) using semi-structured interviews. After a process of screening, participants were chosen using a purposive sampling method. The data collected was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), through which various super-ordinate themes emerged. The significant themes focus on the nature of peers, experiences of peer victimisation, risk factors leading to peer victimisation, consequences of peer victimisation, coping mechanisms, and strategies to prevent peer victimisation. The findings highlight the understanding of the repercussions of peer victimisation and emphasise the need to adopt innovative strategies, implement pre-emptive interventions, and mandate decisive measures to mitigate instances of peer victimisation. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Understanding Startup Valuation and its Impact on Startup Ecosystem
Startups play a substantial role in the economic growth of a nation, by introducing new technologies, ground-breaking innovation, creating jobs, etc. A couple of decades back, it was extremely difficult to start a business, but today new businesses pop up every day, all around the world. Recognizing the importance of a startup, governments across the globe are doing their best to provide an atmosphere where startups can bloom. Despite its importance and all the support, the startup failure rate is at 90%; about 10% of startups fail in the first year and 70% fail in two to five years. The startup boom saw the emergence of alternative sources of funding like Venture Capitalist, Angel Investors, etc. These investors (Venture Capitalist, Angel Investors, etc.) played a crucial role in startup success by providing easy access to funds which is a critical and scarce resource for any founder. Traditionally business success is linked with sustainable profitability but in the startup world most used method to define success is valuation. Based on CB Insights research, as of January 2022, there are more than 900 unicorns (startup with a valuation of over $1 billion) around the world and of these unicorns less than 10% are profitable. It's difficult to explain/comprehend how startups' which are neither profitable nor foresee profitability in near future are valued higher than traditional business with stable profitability. Current valuation methods have impacted the startup ecosystem. Today, founders start their business with exit in mind, the focus of founders is on growth/scale rather than profitability. There is a school of thought that believes that such valuations will soon result in the bursting of the startup bubble just like the dotcom bubble seen in late 1990s. The focus of this paper is to investigate the techniques used by investors for startup valuation and how these techniques are impacting the startup ecosystem and its founders. The paper looks at all stages of the investment cycle, from seed to IPO or takeover and understands the process of valuation at each stage and how it impacts all stakeholders in the ecosystem. 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. -
Understanding stigma and burnout among HIV/ AIDS health care workers Implications for counselling
The article examines the association between burnout and stigma among Health Care Workers (HCWs) and highlights the need for counselling services in the care of the HCWs. Stereotypes of HIV/AIDS and burnout in HCWs caring for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) were assessed using self-report methods. Stereotypes about AIDS Scale (SAAS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory MBI were completed by 120 staff from 8 community care centres for PLHIV across south India. Results of SAAS showed that about 33 percent respondents manifested high level of stigma while 35 percent exhibited moderate levels. The results of MBI showed high level of burnout in about 31 percent and moderate in 35 percent respondents. -
Understanding the antecedents of service decisions: An integration of service promiscuity and customer citizenship behaviour
Promiscuity being casual and unrestrained towards any kind of service, the purpose of this article is to contribute to service literature by investigating the influence of customer citizenship behaviour and service promiscuity in the decision-making process in the context of public house services. This paper empirically draws a historic sum-up on the roots of service promiscuity towards the decision-making process. A questionnaire was administered to 1,509 pub customers using retrospective experience sampling technique. The proposed hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling. Results from this research yielded novel insights into the dual antecedents extending to customer decision making process through customer citizenship behaviour and service promiscuity. The findings have implications for the ongoing argumentation on the practicality of customer promiscuity, thereby broadening the theoretical understanding of 'why customers' decision-making process establishes such an efficacious effect in the service environment? Further, these new and interesting results enlighten the insights of consumer behaviour and more importantly contribute substantially to the existing knowledge of service marketing literature. The results provide managers with specific decision-making process variables and substantial service strategies. 2019 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Understanding the business model of private equity & comparative analysis of emerging economics & developed economics
Research Revolution Vol.1, Issue 6,pp.18-20 ISSN No. 2319-300X -
Understanding the emerging integrated marketing communication strategies used in marketing Tamil films /
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, Vol.21, Issue 2, Ver. V, pp.33-37, ISSN: e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. -
Understanding the role of acid sites of Zinc Aluminophosphate catalysts in eco-friendly synthesis of carbamates
Aluminophosphate and metal incorporated aluminophosphates have been synthesized at ice-cold temperature by simple co-precipitation method in the absence of a templating agent. Surface and bulk properties of synthesized materials were studied by different characterization techniques. The materials were found to be X-ray amorphous. N2 adsorption-desorption studies exhibited the existence of microporous structure and uniform narrow slit type of pores on the materials. The catalytic activity of the synthesized material was tested in phosgene free synthesis of carbamates from corresponding amines and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) through a greener route. Metal incorporated Aluminophosphates indicated excellent catalytic activity compared to pure aluminophosphates. Zinc aluminophosphate catalyst exhibited 83% carbamate yield with 100% selectivity towards the formation of carbamate. The excellent catalytic activity of Zinc aluminophosphate with 94% amine conversion is attributed to its surface properties mainly moderate acid strength. The incorporated metal plays a vital role in the structural and textural properties of aluminophosphates. A systematic study was conducted to correlate the catalytic activity and surface properties of metal aluminophosphates. Reaction conditions were optimized to obtain a better yield through phosgene free eco-friendly routes using different amines. The catalyst was found to be recyclable for 5 cycles in the desired reaction without a reduction in conversion and selectivity. 2021. All Rights Reserved. -
Understanding the secular evolution of NGC 628 using UltraViolet Imaging Telescope
Secular and environmental effects play a significant role in regulating the star-formation rate and hence the evolution of the galaxies. Since ultraviolet (UV) flux is a direct tracer of the star formation in galaxies, the UltraViolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) onboard AstroSat enables us to characterize the star-forming regions in a galaxy with its remarkable spatial resolution. In this study, we focus on the secular evolution of NGC 628, a spiral galaxy in the local Universe. We exploit the resolution of UVIT to resolve up to ?63 pc in NGC 628 for identification and characterization of the star-forming regions. We identify 300 star-forming regions in the UVIT far-UV image of NGC 628 using ProFound and the identified regions are characterized using Starburst99 models. The age and mass distribution of the star-forming regions across the galaxy supports the inside-out growth of the disc. We find that there is no significant difference in the star-formation properties between the two arms of NGC 628. We also quantify the azimuthal offset of the star-forming regions of different ages. Since we do not find an age gradient, we suggest that the spiral density waves might not be the possible formation scenario of the spiral arms of NGC 628. The headlight cloud present in the disc of the galaxy is found to be having the highest star-formation rate density (0.23 Myr-1 kpc-2) compared to other star-forming regions on spiral arms and the rest of the galaxy. 2022 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. -
Understanding the social identity of adolescents in the Indigenous Kodava Community of India
The social identity development of adolescents in marginalized communities across the globe holds paramount significance in determining the overall well-being of its future population. Focusing on one such community, the Kodavas, an Indigenous community in South India, this study aims to understand the shifting configurations of social identity based on the changing sociocultural structure and its implications on identity perception among the adolescents belonging to the Kodava community in Kodagu district in Karnataka, India. This study used a qualitative research design to develop an analytical framework of social identity formation and its transitions in the context of the Kodavas. Data were collected from 188 adolescents (47% boys, 53% girls) between 13 and 17 years (M age = 15 years), in the form of essay writing. The findings based on thematic analysis highlight the core traditional elements of Kodava identity, factors influencing the transition in identity, and its reflection in the contemporary period. 2024 Society for Research on Adolescence. -
Understanding the technological evolution in electronic payments system in India and the acceptance
Banking in India has seen amazing technical and infrastructure advancements during the last two decades. Businesses can use the payment and settlement system to receive and make payments for goods and services, as well as to repay money. The RBIs commitment to providing the general population with low-cost, accessible, and all-inclusive payment services has contributed in the quick acceptance and paradigm shift from paper to electronic medium. Using the larger TAM model, this article evaluates payment technology advancements from 2019 through 2022. According to the study, there was a 100% rise in UPI/IMPS and a 40% increase in NEFT compared to December 2018. The paper discusses the acceptability of the paradigm transition from paper to electronic payment media. The papers scope is limited to three years, from January 2019 to December 2021. The study contributes to various findings and insights on Indias embrace of digital payment and the payment paradigm change. 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Understanding user behavior through web utilization mining
This paper is focused on the efficiency of applications in Web Mining Algorithm for web log analysis which can be applied to identify user behavior and the context related to the pattern of an e-commerce website. The main objective is to find user behavior over the internet which can be done through the branch of web mining i.e., web utilization mining. So, it is mainly focused on learning the behavior of web user with their interaction with websites and application of web to extract hidden knowledge and information from World Wide Web. This motive can be accessed from the huge web log data and this data will be available in a log file of the server. Thus, the web server log file includes hidden knowledge and information of a visited user on web. This article provides a survey and analysis of current web mining system and technologies. Therefore, we implement how web mining techniques can apply to the web personalization by providing an efficient algorithm. 2018 IAEME Publication. All rights reserved. -
Unfolding the aggression and locus of control paradigm in sportspersons and non-sportspersons
The present study investigated Aggression and Locus of Control on Combat Sports Persons, Non-Combat Sports Persons, and Non-Sports Persons. In this study, a sample of 240 individuals (80 Combat sports, 80 Non-Combat Sports & 80 Non-Sportspersons) was used through purposive sampling. The tools administered were the Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire by Arnold H. Buss and Mark Perry and Rotters Locus of Control Scale by Julian Rotter respectively. The objective of the study was to investigate Aggression and Locus of Control in males and females from Combat, Non-Combat, and Non-Sports persons. This research also aims to explore the relationship between Aggression and Locus of Control. Mean, t-test, F-value (ANOVA), and correlation have been computed over SPSS-16. Results suggest that males from Combat have higher Aggression than people from non-sports and non-combat sports. There is also a significant difference between non-sports persons and sports people over the Locus of Control, sports persons showed internal locus of control compared to non-sports persons who were higher on external locus of control. The result also indicates a significant relationship between the anger dimension of the Aggression and Locus of Control. 2025 ARD Asociaci Espala. -
Unheard and Unseen: Exploring the Disenfranchisement of Perinatal Loss in North-Indian Men
Mental distress is recognised as common following perinatal loss. But often, existing literature and bereavement care standards focus on women, leaving a gap in understanding mens grief. This qualitative study examined the emotional experiences of males from some Northern states of India, who had experienced perinatal loss, with a focus on grief disenfranchisement. Eleven participants were interviewed using a semi-structured guide. Thematic analysis unveiled themes on the intersection of religiosity and grief, social structuring of grief patterns, gender-based grieving, inhibited expression of grief in men, disenfranchisement of grief, self-focused coping, coping with the help of others, and interpersonal barriers to emotional disclosure. The findings provide valuable insights, helping mental health practitioners better understand mens experiences of perinatal loss and develop more effective support strategies. 2024 SAGE Publications. -
Uniform Civil Code, Legal Pluralism and Inheritance Rights of Tribal Indian Women
The 42nd Amendment to the Indian Constitution heralded India as a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular Democratic Republic. It initiated a constitutional narrative that has sparked ongoing debates and scrutiny regarding the true essence of Indias secularism. With the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) led by Bhartiya Janta Party(BJP) forming government with after the 2024 general elections, the discussion on potential implementation of the Uniform Civil Code at the forefront of political discourse. In this commentary, the authors discuss legal pluralism in India and the impact of the introduction of a uniform civil code on on customary laws of tribes, placing special emphasis on the inheritance rights of tribal women. The paper also discusses the approach of the higher courts in securing property rights for tribal women in the absence of such a code. 2024, Spoldzielczy Instytut Naukowy. All rights reserved. -
Unique helical conformation of the fourth cytoplasmic loop of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor in a negatively charged environment
The proximal portion of the C-terminus of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor is a primary determinant for G-protein activation. A 17 residue proximal C-terminal peptide (rodent CB1 401-417), the intracellular loop 4 (IL4) peptide, mimicked the receptor's G-protein activation domain. Because of the importance of the cationic amino acids to G-protein activation, the three-dimensional structure of the IL4 peptide in a negatively charged sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar environment has been studied by two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance (2D 1H NMR) spectroscopy and distance geometry calculations. Unambiguous proton NMR assignments were carried out with the aid of correlation spectroscopy (DQF-COSY and TOCSY) and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY and ROESY) experiments. The distance constraints were used in torsion angle dynamics algorithm for NMR applications (DYANA) to generate a family of structures which were refined using restrained energy minimization and dynamics. In water, the IL4 peptide prefers an extended conformation, whereas in SDS micelles, 310-helical conformation is induced. The predominance of 310-helical domain structure in SDS represents a unique difference compared with structure in alternative environments, which can significantly impact global electrostatic surface potential on the cytoplasmic surface of the CB1 receptor and might influence the signal to the G-proteins. 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Unique Host Matrix to Disperse Pd Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Sensing of Morin: Sustainable Engineering Approach
Biomass-based carbon nanospheres derived from Mimosa pudica (commonly called "Touch-me-not") smeared on carbon fiber paper have been used as a host matrix for electrochemical deposition of palladium nanoparticles. The physicochemical characterization of modified electrodes was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to study the electroanalytical properties of the electrodes. The modified electrode demostrated an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of a flavonoid, morin, which gave a sensitive anodic peak at-0.30 V (vs SCE). An ultralow-level detection limit of 572 fM with a linear dynamic range of 37.50-130 pM was achieved. The proposed electrochemical sensor was successfully employed for the analysis of morin in mulberry and guava leaves. This is a sustainable engineering approach where a perfect unique host matrix is created using carbon nanospheres from biomass. Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society. -
Unique synergism in flame retardancy in ABS based composites through blending PVDF and halloysite nanotubes
This study demonstrates flame retardant materials designed using bi-phasic polymer blends of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and Cloisite 30B nanoclay. The prepared blends with and without nanoparticles were extensively characterized. The nanoparticles were added in different weight concentrations to improve the flame retardancy. It was observed that prepared ABS/PVDF blends showed better flame retardancy than ABS based composites. The flame resistance was further improved by the addition of nanoparticles in the blends. The microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) test showed better flame resistance in ABS/PVDF blends filled with 5 wt% HNTs than other composites. The total heat release of ABS/PVDF blend filled with 5 wt% HNTs decreased by 31% and also the heat of combustion decreased by 26% as compared to neat ABS. When compared with nanoparticles, the addition of PVDF reduced the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and increased the char residue more effectively. A synergistic improvement was observed from both PVDF and HNTs on the flame resistance properties. 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd.