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Amorphous versus crystalline Al2O3nanoparticles: A comparative study in photocatalytic dye degradation
This study focuses on the synthesis of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles and compares their amorphous and crystalline phases, emphasizing their suitability for photocatalytic dye degradation. The as-prepared Al2O3, synthesized using the sol-gel technique, is found to have an amorphous nature, which is later annealed at 1200C to obtain its ? phase of crystalline nature. Despite the widespread applications of aluminum oxide in various fields, the differences between its amorphous and crystalline phases are not well understood. This work bridges this gap by evaluating the amorphous and crystalline phases of Al2O3, particularly for dye degradation. As technologies advance to enhance aluminum-containing photocatalytic materials by doping, composites, and hybrids, understanding the impact of material phase on photocatalytic capabilities becomes crucial. The research comprehensively assesses structural, functional, morphological, optical, and dye degradation characteristics. Remarkably, amorphous Al2O3 demonstrates superior dye degradation efficacy compared with its crystalline counterpart, achieving an enhanced degradation efficiency of 87.2% for rhodamine B, a commonly used azo dye in the printing and textile industries. 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited: All rights reserved. -
A Deep Ensemble Framework for DDoS Attack Recognition and Mitigation in Cloud SDN Environment
Much research has been done in the recent past on the absolute shift of Internet infrastructure in order to make it more significantly programmable, configurable and make it more conveniently feasible. Software Defined Networking (SDN) forms the basis for this absolute shift in Internet infrastructure. When you look at the benefits of an SDN-based cloud environment they are monumental. Namely, network traffic control and elastic resource management. The SDN-based cloud environment becomes susceptible to cyber threats, especially like that of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks and other cyber-attacks that perturb the SDN-based cloud environment. Hence, automated Machine Learning (ML) models are an efficient way to protect against these cyber-attacks. This research will develop a deep learning-based ensemble model for DDoS attack detection and classification (DLEM-DDoS) in a cloud environment. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), 1-D Convolutional Neural Networks (1D-CNN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) are the three DL models integrated into an ensemble model that classifies the incoming packet by majority voting classifiers. Network traffic data including source and destination IP addresses, packet and byte counts, packet and byte rates, flow duration, protocol types and port numbers are fed into the DLEM-DDoS model. This model preprocesses this data by converting categorical values (like protocol types) into numerical values and removing any missing values. Once collected and preprocessed, the data is fed into deep learning models (LSTM, 1D-CNN, GRU) within the framework for analysis. Finally, in this research using the DLEM-DDoS technique an efficient DDoS attack mitigation scheme in an SDN-based cloud environment is demonstrated. The report shows comprehensive stimulations as well as a superiority into the current approaches in terms of several measures. 2024 S. Annie Christila and R. Sivakumar. This open-access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. -
The Role of Gratitude as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Belief in a Just World and Forgiveness Among Middle-Aged Adults in India
This research explores the relationship between personal belief in a just world (PBJW), gratitude, and forgiveness within the context of middle-aged adults in India. While prior research has established links between PBJW and forgiveness, this investigation delves deeper, examining how gratitude moderates these relationships. The primary objective is to unveil how gratitude moderates the connection between PBJW and forgiveness, filling a significant research gap within the Indian context. The researchers collected data from 386 middle-aged Indian adults through online and offline surveys. The study reveals a positive but weak correlation between PBJW and forgiveness. Gratitude significantly moderates this relationship, amplifying the impact of PBJW on forgiveness. These discoveries offer fresh insights into the complex dynamics underlying forgiveness processes among middle-aged adults in India, addressing a critical gap in the existing research landscape within this cultural context. Practical implications are drawn for counselors and formators that support efforts to promote forgiveness and enhance interpersonal harmony and psychological health. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
Presence or absence of Dunning-Kruger effect: Differences in narcissism, general self-efficacy and decision-making styles in young adults
The Dunning-Kruger effect is a cognitive bias in which individuals who are unskilled in certain domains overestimate their ability and are unaware of it. Past studies have focused on establishing the effect but have not looked into associated factors. This study aimed to see if the Dunning-Kruger effect has any influence on an individuals narcissism, general self-efficacy and decision making styles especially in young adults in the Indian population. The Dunning- Kruger effect was established using scores from the Cognitive Reflection Task and the Rationality scale from Rational Experiential Inventory, keeping the Unskilled and Unaware phrase under consideration, while establishing cut-offs. The participants were also divided into three groups - the group that was able to estimate their performance, the group that over-estimated their performance and the group that underestimated their performance. The dependent variables were measured using the NPI-16, General Self-Efficacy Scale and Flinders Decision-Making Styles Questionnaire. The Kruskal-Wallis H results showed that there is a significant difference between the group with Dunning-Kruger effect, without Dunning-Kruger effect and the group that underestimated their performance with reference to Narcissism, General Self-Efficacy, Vigilance and Hypervigilance decision-making styles. The Mann-Whitney U results further indicated a significant difference in Narcissism and Vigilance, between the groups that overestimated their performance and the group that accurately estimated their performance. However, there was no correlation between the CRT discrepancy scores of the individuals with Dunning-Kruger effect and the dependent variables. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature. -
Spider Monkey Crow Optimization Algorithm with Deep Learning for Sentiment Classification and Information Retrieval
The epidemic increase in online reviews' growth made the sentiment classification a fascinating domain in academic and industrial research. The reviews assist several domains, which is complicated to gather annotated training data. Several sentiment classification methodologies are devised for performing the sentiment analysis, but retrieval of information is not accurately performed, less effective, and less convergence speed. In this paper, we propose a sentiment paper proposes a sentiment classification model, namely Spider Monkey Crow Optimization algorithm (SMCA), for training the deep recurrent neural network (DeepRNN). In this method, the telecom review is employed to remove stop words and stemming to eliminate inappropriate data to minimize user's seeking time. Meanwhile, the feature extraction is performed using SentiWordNet to derive the sentiments from the reviews. The extracted SentiWordNet features and other features, like elongated words, punctuation, hashtag, and numerical values, are employed in the DeepRNN for classifying sentiments. To retrieve the required review, the Fuzzy K-Nearest neighbor (Fuzzy-KNN) is employed to retrieve the review based on a distance measure. With rigorous assessments and experimentation, it is observed that the proposed SMCA-based DeepRNN performs better in terms of accuracy of 97.7%, precision of 95.5%, recall of 94.6%, and F1-score 96.7%, respectively. 2013 IEEE. -
Development and validation of superstitious beliefs scale
Superstitions though considered as irrational beliefs are widely prevalent in all cultures. Most of the existing work on superstitions are predominantly based on traditional western beliefs. The relevance of established superstition scales which are developed in western societies in collective societies need to explored. Interdependent nature of self which is a characteristic of collectivistic culture also has a role in belief formation. The present study aims at developing a new self-report measure of superstitious beliefs scale. Study 1, focused on exploring the factor structure and establishing reliability over a sample of 338 undergraduate students. The 17-item Superstitious Belief Scale (SBS) developed distinguishes a six-factor structure namely, Popular Beliefs, Belief in Good Luck, Belief in Bad Luck, Personal Superstitions and Social Superstitions. The six-factor structure was evaluated on a new sample (N = 483) using confirmatory factor analysis in Study 2. The internal consistency values of the new SBS over Studies 1 and 2 indicated high reliability. The findings have important implications for existing theory on superstitions. The new framework proposes and demonstrates the need to base the understanding of measurement of superstitious beliefs relevant in India. AesthetixMS 2020. -
Measures of superstitious beliefs: A meta-analytic review of research
Superstition is a term which is widely used across the globe but, is understood differently by people from different cultures. Superstitious beliefs are challenged by emerging scientific knowledge, and they continue to persist even among advanced societies. In recent years, superstitions are viewed as a belief in luck. The instruments that are available to assess this phenomenon are few and have insufficient psychometric properties. There is a need for developing new standardised measures which explore the complex, conceptual nature of superstitions. A meta-analysis of existing literature was done to explore the existing measures of superstitious beliefs and to examine the relationship between reliability of scales and the various attributes of scales. A literature search was conducted in relevant databases. Suitable transformation procedures for coefficient alpha were used. Meta-regression analysis was done to explore the heterogeneity of data. 41 scales measuring superstitions were analysed. Results indicate that reliability coefficients were from heterogeneous samples. Regression analysis revealed that few characteristics of scales predicted reliability. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology. -
Young Adults Consumption Patterns and Attitude towards Minimalist Lifestyle during COVID-19 Pandemic- An Exploratory Study
Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the consumption patterns of people the world over. The patterns and trends of consumption that drive markets were no longer relevant during the pandemic. Newer factors drove the consumption decisions and consumers have changed their patterns. COVID pandemic enforced citizens globally to adopt minimalism. This research is aimed at qualitatively understanding the consumer experiences during the lockdown period and their future orientation towards a minimalist lifestyle. Method Participants were young adults of 18 to 25 years of age from India. A constructivist paradigm was adopted to understand the subjective meaning of their choices. Data was collected through Focused group discussions and content analysis was used to arrive at the themes. Findings Data revealed that priority was given to buying essential items during times of crisis. Stockpiling, conscious buying and simple living were the cornerstones of the consumption patterns. Practical implications Findings have implications for sustainable consumption practices with a minimalist approach. Understanding the future orientation of consumers towards adopting a minimalist lifestyle could help market researchers better understand sustainable consumption patterns, thereby helping them in tailoring their product marketing. The far-reaching implications of the results focus on green consumption values and ecological responsibility. Value This paper seeks to explore attitudes and beliefs on sustainable consumption in a young adult population during the Covid-19 outbreak and has implications for sustainable consumption practices using a minimalistic approach in the future. 2022 RESTORATIVE JUSTICE FOR ALL. -
Air Quality Index, Personality Traits and Their Impact on the Residential Satisfaction and Quality of Life: An Exploratory Path Analysis Model
The environment directly influences the behaviour, experiences, and also the well-being of people. It is not only the outside environment but the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) that also affects the well-being of its residents (Arif et al., 2016). The objective of the present study is to study the relationship between Air Quality Index (AQI), Personality traits, Residential Satisfaction, and quality of life among participants living in Bengaluru, Chennai, and Delhi NCR. A total of 685 residents aged 18-65, living in Bengaluru, Chennai, and Delhi NCR for over 2 years, who responded to the call for participation were selected for the study. Data was collected through online Google forms. Correlation and regression analysis were carried out to understand the strength and direction of the relationship between study variables. SPSS AMOS was used to estimate the measurement model and capture mediation paths. The results present an exploratory model which identifies air quality index and personality traits and their contribution towards the perceptions of residential satisfaction. The study also establishes a link between residential satisfaction and quality of life, the new ecological paradigm, and the dominant social paradigm. The present study highlights the necessity to adopt a pro-environmental approach to improve the quality of life. 2024 - IOS Press. All rights reserved. -
Ethical sensitivity of aspiring business leaders: Indian context
Ethical business leaders can make a huge impact in creating flourishing communities in todays world where Corporations are immensely powerful. In the business context, the first step of ethical decision-making is recognising the ethical dimension of a business problem itself, ethical sensitivity. This study investigates the impact of ethics education in the business program as well as role of early education environment in influencing the ethical sensitivity of business students. It was found that both these variables have significant impact in the ethical sensitivity of the participants of the study. The research has implications in revisiting the ethics education in universities and the role of early education environment in developing ethical business leaders for the sustainable future of our country. 2020 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore). -
Authentic leadership in a pandemic world: an exploratory study in the Indian context
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the strategies that helps leaders be authentic in order to be able to respond proactively and become effective in helping their organisations they lead in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: Using a qualitative approach, 25 business leaders from diverse sectors were interviewed to understand what sustained them in an adverse context. Findings: Results reveal various dimensions of authentic leadership in a disruptive environment. Authentic leaders have to exhibit distinct behaviours that stems from re-examining oneself to reaffirming organisational purpose. Reimagining the work is emerged as the newer dimension to the authentic leadership considering the context of COVID-19. Practical implications: The results of the study provides insights for anyone leading organisations in today's disruptive business environment. The findings of this study can be used further to undertake quantitative studies to test professional relationships and understand the leadership strategies at different time frames. Originality/value: This paper addresses the strategies that leaders successfully follow to withstand the COVID crisis and highlights the different roles and behaviours that helped leaders to address the crisis confidently. 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Exploring the Role of Multi-Catalytic Sites in an Amorphous Co-W-B Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions
Amorphous materials are used in multitude of catalytic applications, including electrocatalytic water-splitting. Identification and investigation of active sites in amorphous catalysts are rarely reported, mainly owing to the complexity of the systems. Herein, we report an amorphous bifunctional Co-W-B electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The optimized Co-W-B catalyst showed promising overpotential values of 97 mV (HER) and 292 mV (OER), respectively, to achieve 10 mA cm-2 in 1 M KOH, with good stability. The promoting effect of W in Co-B was investigated experimentally, while computational tools were used to identify all the possible catalytic sites in an amorphous Co-W-B model and classify the most preferred sites for HER and OER. The presence of multi-catalytic sites with specific selectivity toward HER and OER was observed, which explained the bifunctional activity of Co-W-B. This study will foster better understanding of the origin of catalytic activity in similar amorphous systems. 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. -
New constituents triterpene ester and sugar derivatives from Panax ginseng Meyer and their evaluation of antioxidant activities
Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae), is a well-known herb and used in the old established system of Oriental remedy, especially in Japan, China and Korea. Four new compounds characterized as (cis)- 7?,11?,19,21-tetra-O-decanoyl-18, 22?-dihydroxy-dammar-1-en-3-one (1), 3?,4?,12?-trihydroxystigmast-5-en-21-yl octadecan-9?,12?-dienoate (2), dammar-12, 24-dien-3?, 6?, 15?-triol-3?-D-arabinopyranosyl-6?-L-arabinopyranoside (3) and dammar-24-en-3?, 6?, 16?, 20?-tetraol-3?-D-arabinopyranosyl-6?-D-arabinopyranoside (4) were isolated and established from the ethyl acetate and butanol extracts of the roots of P. ginseng. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral data and chemical reactions. Natural compounds indicative a great reservoir of materials and compounds with evolved biological activity, including antioxidant. Compounds 14 were investigated in vitro for antioxidant potential using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity, reducing power, phosphomolybdenum and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging actions, and the decision showed the compounds 3and 4 have probablyessential antioxidant properties than the compounds 1and 2 presented weak activity. 2016 The Authors -
The effect of servant leadership on ad hoc schoolteachers affective commitment and psychological well-being: The mediating role of psychological capital
Progress on the fourth United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG4), which strives to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education, can only be made with teachers whose levels of job satisfaction and dedication to teaching are high. The authors of this article conducted a survey among ad hoc teachers (also referred to as para teachers) in rural India. The purpose of their study was to find out the extent to which being led by principals who practised a management style termed servant leadership positively impacted respondents affective commitment and psychological well-being. A servant leader seeks to serve by developing the followers selfhood in various relational, ethical, emotional and spiritual contexts. This has the effect of encouraging the followers to become the best version of themselves. Data collection involved the completion of a questionnaire by a sample of 1,120 (840 female, 280 male) para teachers from 17 non-formal community learning centres and 10 schools in the Indian state of Jharkhand. The results of the survey revealed that there is an indirect effect of servant leadership on affective commitment and psychological well-being through a set of three elements, hope, efficacy and resilience, which together amount to a para teachers personal resource of psychological capital. Relying on the findings of their research, the authors suggest that it will be beneficial for Jharkhands Department of Education to implement interventional teacher training programmes which nurture servant leadership among school principals and educational officers and thereby foster psychological capital among para teachers. 2020, UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning and Springer Nature B.V. -
Predictors of Positive Psychological Capital: An Attempt Among the Teacher Communities in Rural Jharkhand, India
In the recent times, researchers have shown an increased interest in positive psychological capital (PsyCap). However, it is acknowledged that due to the limited number of studies conducted on the antecedents of psychological capital, there is a lack of sufficient data for conclusively proving the antecedents of PsyCap. Consequently, this article aims to explore the potential antecedents of PsyCap as a reliable source of data in the context of rural school teachers. The focus is to investigate both the individual differences and the contextual factors as desirable variables that constitute PsyCap among the school teachers of rural Jharkhand, India. Samples of 1,120 respondents from different rural schools were collected and analysed with Structural Equation Modeling (AMOS 20.0). The findings of the study explained that both the individual differences (proactive personality and emotional intelligence) and the contextual factors (perceived organizational support, servant leadership and meaningful work) have a positive relationship with PsyCap. The impact of PsyCap on teacher performance can form the basis for further research on the subject. JEL Codes: M12, M53 2021 XLRI Jamshedpur, School of Business Management & Human Resources. -
The Jesuit educational mission in rural Chotanagpur, India: historical achievements and contemporary challenges
Jesuit schools, in particular, have been known for a long time to be centres of learning in Chotanagpur area, India, where tremendous efforts were made to achieve a high level of academic excellence; yet it appears that this legacy is not being sustained among rural, tribal, vernacular schools of Chotanagpur these days because of varied reasons. In addition, it is observed that the agents of education, namely teachers, working in these schools have ceased to represent desirable attitudes (psychological wellbeing and affective commitment) which are essential for the teaching-learning process. If Jesuits want to maintain relevant and inspirational education in Chotanagpur, then they need to discern, decide, and dedicate themselves to guarantee teachers psychological well-being and affective commitment so that teachers can become creators of the Jesuit education ethos. Against this backdrop, the present research paper discusses the scenario of Jesuit run rural schools in Chotanagpur its historical achievements and contemporary challenges. In addition, practical implications and recommendations for a better future are discussed. 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Effects of dark matter in red giants
Dark matter (DM) which constitutes five-sixths of all matter is hypothesized to be a weakly interacting non-baryonic particle, created in the early stages of cosmic evolution. It can affect various cosmic structures in the Universe via gravitational interactions. The effect of DM in main sequence stars and stellar remnants like neutron stars and white dwarfs has already been studied. Red giant phase is a late stage of the evolution of stars. In this work, we study, low-mass red giants stars with admixture of DM and how this can effectively change the intrinsic properties of red giants such as their luminosities, temperatures and lifetimes. 2020 Elsevier B.V. -
Psychosocial correlates of resilience among older adults in Mexico
There is a tremendousglobal increase in the older adultspopulation. Mental health in older age is as important in as it is for other age categories. Majority of older adults show healthy states, vitality, good humor and enthusiasm in performing various activities, interest in continuing to contribute to their family and society despite the difficulties of this stage of life due to large part to resilience they have. The aim of the study was to establish social and psychosocial factors associated with resilience.A cross-sectional and correlation study was conducted on older adults who were hospitalized in a public General Hospital of Mexico in 2013. Resilience, gender, occupation, family environment, self-esteem, presence of critical life events, and the presence of significant persons were assessed. 186 older adults participated. Higher levels of resilience were found in males and employed people. Participants with a functional family and high self-esteem had the highest levels of resilience. Besides, 15% of the variance of the total resilience score was explained by family environment, and 27% was explained by self-esteem (p<0.05).Although all participants were older adults, individual characteristics such as gender, occupation and self-esteem; besides family environment, were found to be associated to the levels of resilience in this population. Specific programs- -enhancing these factorsare needed to improve resilience. 2019 Oriental Scientific Publishing Company. All rights reserved. -
Translation and Validation of the Malayalam Version of the Subjective Happiness Scale
The subjective happiness scale (SHS) is a brief instrument used to measure global subjective happiness that has been translated from its original English to many other languages. To date, there is no reported translation of this scale into Malayalam, a language spoken by over 32 million people especially in the southern state of Kerala, India. In the present study, 656 community-dwelling older adults participating in the Kerala Einstein study (KES) completed the Malayalam version of the SHS. The Malayalam version demonstrated high internal consistency and good convergent validity, as assessed by comparison to measures of depression and anxiety. We also used factor analysis to determine that the Malayalam version of the SHS has a unidimensional structure, akin to the original English as well as other language adaptations. Our study adds to the repertoire of tools to measure happiness in non-English-speaking populations, enabling future research to explore the foundations of well-being across diverse cultures. The Author(s) 2024. -
Analysing the impact of the taxation law amendment of 2019 on corporate taxation in India
The Taxation Law (Amendment) Act, 2019 in India has brought major changes in the taxation revenue as well as in legal provisions. The actual ground reality of the Amendment on a microeconomic level is unknown, but a correlation analysis on macroeconomic indicators show that there is a high positive correlation between the corporate tax revenue and the GDP growth. The author also interlinks the effects of tax cuts on the economy with privatization and how it can mitigate the risks of tax evasion. There is a generalized misconception with privatization that it leads to a significant loss in taxation revenue. The study shows that in fact, privatization helps to expand the earnings of the Government by widening the taxation structure and slab, which the author has found through statistics. It is high time to have strong regulatory measures to prevent tax evasion by encouraging more corporate entities to become a part of the tax base. Indian Institute of Finance.