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Building Trust and Fostering Collaborations Through Community Policing: Insights from India and the Global Perspective
A novel approach to law enforcement, community policing places a strong emphasis on policecommunity cooperation to maintain safety, settle disputes, and foster trust. Community policing has been especially effective in India in tackling complicated social issues including gender-based violence, communal conflicts, and the grievances of marginalised people. Programmes such as the Mohalla Committees in Maharashtra and the Janamaithri Suraksha Project in Kerala are prime examples of grassroots efforts that place an emphasis on cooperation and communication between the public and law enforcement agencies. Globally, community policing models from the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan demonstrate how flexible it is in various sociocultural contexts. The Koban system in Japan and the Neighbourhood Policing model in the United Kingdom are renowned for promoting trust through proactive problem-solving, increased transparency, and the integration of law enforcement with local communities. With police officers acting as community allies in addition to executing the law, these approaches place an emphasis on reciprocal accountability. Nonetheless, issues such as a lack of resources, opposition to reform in police agencies, and possible politicisation still exist. Global success stories provide valuable insights into the significance of consistent training, incorporating under-represented perspectives, and utilising technology to improve community involvement. The potential of community policing to change antagonistic policecommunity dynamics into cooperative ones is examined in this research. The study highlights the importance of trust-building as a pillar of efficient law enforcement and inclusive governance by looking at Indian initiatives and learning from global experiences, opening the door to safer and more cohesive societies. 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Building trust in policing: challenges and strategy; [Construindo confian no polia: desafios e estratia]
In recent years, trust has gained significant importance when discussing the evolution of policing. This shift in focus has been acknowledged by scholars, policymakers, and law enforcement officials who are responsible for ensuring public safety. Unlike the traditional emphasis on crime reduction, there is now a shared recognition that building trust is a fundamental objective in the relationship between policing agencies and the communities they serve. This article discusses three commonly employed methods by policing agencies and their personnel to enhance public trust in the police: policy changes, police training, and citizen oversight boards. Further, it focuses to a less conventional avenue for change, which involves re-evaluating the laws enforced by the police. To achieve meaningful transformation within the police system, it is necessary not only to modify how officers perform their duties but also to examine and potentially revise the laws they are obligated to enforce. 2024 Centro Universitario de Brasilia. All rights reserved. -
Building Trustworthy 6G Networks with Generative Adversarial Learning
The imminent dawn of sixth-generation (6G) networks promises a future of unparalleled connectivity and communication speeds. However, this technological leap necessitates robust security measures to counter increasingly sophisticated cyberthreats targeting the intricate 6G infrastructure. This chapter investigates the potential of Generative Adversarial Learning (GALs) as a transformative tool for building trustworthy 6G networks. With the advent of 6G networks on the horizon, ensuring trustworthiness in communication systems becomes paramount. This chapter proposes a novel approach leveraging GAL to fortify the security and reliability of 6G networks. In traditional network security paradigms, adversaries exploit vulnerabilities, necessitating constant reactive measures. However, the proactive nature of GANs enables the creation of realistic synthetic data to train robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). By simulating diverse attack scenarios, a GAN-based IDS can identify and adapt to emerging threats, mitigating potential risks in real time. Moreover, GANs facilitate the generation of synthetic network traffic, enabling thorough testing of network defenses without risking actual data. Taking a proactive stance enables network operators to predict and preempt potential vulnerabilities before they are exploited. Our solution involves harnessing the power of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to address 6G network security comprehensively. GANs create authentic network traffic, allowing IDS to be trained effectively in identifying and mitigating actual cyberthreats. Moreover, GANs can learn to discern typical network patterns, thus alerting to potential anomalies that may signify ongoing or imminent attacks. This proactive strategy empowers security teams to maintain an edge in navigating the constantly evolving cyberthreat landscape. 2026 selection and editorial matter, E. Chandra Blessie, Pethuru Raj, and B. Sundaravadivazhagan; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Bulirsch-Stoer computations for bioconvective magnetized nanomaterial flow subjected to convective thermal heating and Stefan blowing: a revised Buongiorno model for theranostic applications
Theranostics is a novel procedure that integrates therapy and diagnosis in a single platform. For its application in theranostic and photothermal therapy for melanoma skin cancer, the hydromagnetic bioconvective flow of a nanomaterial over a lengthening surface is investigated. Realistic nanomaterial modeling is achieved by incorporating passive control of the nanoparticles at the boundary. The impact of the Newtonian heating and Stefan blowing constraints are also accounted. Apposite transformations are employed and then transmuted nonlinear ODEs are resolved using the Bulirsch-Stoer and Newton-Raphson methods. The influence of Stefan blowing parameter (Formula presented.), the magnetic field parameter (Formula presented.), and the Biot number (Formula presented.) on the heat transfer rate has been scrutinized and optimized utilizing the response surface methodology (RSM). The sensitivity of heat transport rate is computed. It is found that the Newtonian thermal condition intensifies the nanomaterial temperature that serves asa crucial role in the termination of cancerous cells or tumors. The maximum drag coefficient is experienced for the insignificant intensity of the magnetic field and Stefan blowing. Further, the heat transfer rate is maximum when the Stefan blowing and Biot numbers are at a high level and the Hartmann number is at a low level. 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Burnout Among Academicians: a Review of Antecedent and Protective Factors of Burnout in University Teaching Faculties
The producers and intermediaries of knowledge are teachers. In addition to their teaching duties, faculty have another responsibility to generate new knowledge through scientific research. Teaching faculties in such a multi-tasking environment may feel equally stressed in their job as those in other highly demanding roles. Such unaddressed work-related stresses would at times increase burnout among faculty members. Hence, it is a pressing need to understand the causes of burnout among teaching staff. This systematic review aims to provide evidence-based recommendations to all stakeholders in education by summarising the academic publications on the determinants of academic burnout. In addition, the study also aimed to identify protective factors against burnout among university teaching faculties. To achieve this goal, a literature search was conducted using the PRISMA-P 2015 methodology, encompassing studies of empirical research published between January 2010 and October 2025. The search yielded 2,731 records, of which 24 studies were selected after undergoing several rounds of screening to meet the study criteria. Based on the results, excessive workloads, pressure to publish, lack of support, low pay, and negative cognitive styles were identified as key risk factors for academic burnout. Protective variables such as strong individual qualities, perceived supervisor support, psychological capital, and self-efficacy were frequently identified as effective in reducing burnout. This concludes that there are complex interrelationships between institutional stressors and personal susceptibility that contribute to academic burnout among university faculty members. The findings provide valuable information for policymakers, teachers, and researchers who are struggling to reconcile the requirement to publish with the duty to teach in modern institutions of higher learning. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
Business and Environmental Perspectives of Submarine Cables in Global Market
If an individual uses any of the social media networking sites, such as Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter and the like, a subsea cable is involved there. Submarine cables are considered as critical global communications infrastructure. These cables are used by various telecom providers and content provider companies such as Google, Facebook, and Microsoft to provide seamless transmission of data for their services. Growing internet users and increasing internet traffic for various social media sites is the major reason for the growth of this market. Submarine cables enable data services such as the email, internet banking, social media networking, search engines and all other aspects related to internet that are taken for granted in daily life. These submarine cables scales up the ubiquity of cloud computing and builds digitization of activities. Undersea cable network is the new economic trade route and acts a commodity in Information age. This paper reviews the business and environmental impacts of submarine cables in the global market. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020. -
Business and Society: A Symbiotic Relationship
Business can be a for-profit, not-for-profit or hybrid organization. But all these businesses focus on the satisfaction of their stakeholders. Although many businesses adopt a limited perspective of their stakeholders, focusing primarily on the interests of their investors, customers and, in some cases, their employees, it is a fact that the long-term sustainability of any business will depend on its contributions to the society. The long-term objective of all businesses is to serve and support the society and contribute to the socioeconomic development of their people. Therefore, this chapter presents a comprehensive review of the relationship between business and society, with special reference to the three main types of businesses: commercial businesses, social enterprises and non-governmental organizations. As in the case of biological systems, the relationship between business and society may be characterized predominantly by one of the three types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism, commensalism and parasitism. However, the successful co-existence of business and society, in the long run, would depend on the degree of mutualism in their relationship. 2024 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. -
Business Forecasting and Error Handling Using AI
Business forecasting is the technique of accurately predicting the future of a business and outcomes using historical data and present trends. To evaluate historical data and find patterns, trends, and other elements that might be used to forecast future events, a variety of analytical tools and techniques are used. Business forecasting is a crucial component of strategic planning because it enables businesses to foresee market changes, spot possible risks and opportunities that may arise in the future, and make wise resource allocation and investment decisions. Businesses that use effective business forecasting can plan and carry out their programs that help them stay competitive, expand their operations, and meet their objectives. According to Glueck [1], Forecasting is a formal process of predicting future events that will significantly affect the functioning of an enterprise.. 2024 Sachi Nandan Mohanty, Preethi Nanjundan and Tejaswini Kar. -
Business Intelligence in Action: Way of Successful Implementation of Automated Systems
This chapter presents an overview of the role of automated systems in Business Intelligence (BI). BI has emerged as a critical element for modern organizations in decision-making processes by analyzing large volumes of data. Automated BI systems offer several advantages over traditional manual systems, including increased efficiency, accuracy, and customized insights. Despite these benefits, there are several limitations and challenges associated with the implementation of automated BI systems. This chapter examines the benefits and limitations of automated BI systems and identifies common success factors for successful implementation. The chapter also explores different types of automated systems, including predictive analytics, machine learning, natural language processing, and robotics process automation. These systems can help organizations analyze and interpret large amounts of data more quickly and accurately, enabling them to make informed decisions. However, despite the potential benefits of automated BI systems, there are several challenges associated with their implementation, including technical expertise and integration issues. To address these challenges, careful planning, collaboration, and ongoing monitoring are essential. In conclusion, this chapter highlights the importance of automated BI systems in modern businesses and provides valuable insights into their benefits and limitations. The chapter also emphasizes the need for careful planning, collaboration, and monitoring for the successful implementation of automated BI systems. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Nidhi Sindhwani, Rohit Anand, A. Shaji George and Digvijay Pandey; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Business intelligence techniques for customer relationship management in the banking sector /
International journal Of Applied Engineering Research, Vol.10, Issue 79, pp.835-838, ISSN No: 0973-4562. -
Business Resilience
Business resilience has emerged as one of the key elements for ensuring the survival and success of the organization in the 21st century which has been marked by socio-economic crisis, notable disruptions, and tumultuous market shifts. The term Business resilience is defined as the capacity of an organization to navigate through adversity, adapt to changing conditions, and emerge stronger from setbacks. Financial, operational, organizational, digital, and supply chain resilience are among the measures that resilient organizations invest on. Companies that are financially strong put careful money management first and protect shareholders wealth. Organizational resilience promotes flexibility and ongoing learning, whereas operational resilience guarantees the continuation of vital business operations. While supply chain resilience concentrates on minimizing disruptions, digital resilience entails strong cybersecurity measures. Effective leadership is essential for managing uncertainty, and a flexible strategy for enhancing resilience guarantees continuous adjustment. In the end, corporate resilience is about overcoming hardship and integrating resilience as a strategic requirement for sustained success in a changing business climate. 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. -
BUSINESS RESPONSES TOWARDS CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC; [RESPOSTAS DAS EMPRESAS EM RELAO RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL CORPORATIVA E METAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTEL DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19]
Objective: In India, incorporating structural transformation in corporate social responsibility for achieving sustainable development goals in the Covid-19 Pandemic has become a priority. Therefore, the present article aims to review the corporate social responsibility activities conducted by Nine Indian companies (two public sector organizations and seven private sector organizations) towards attaining Sustainable Development Goals in times of global pandemic. To explore CSR activities performed by the Indian companies (both public and private) in recent times of crisis of covid-19. To assess the impact of Covid-19 on the economic, social, and technological environment of Indian Companies in recent times. Method: For our research, we chose India since it was one of the earliest and worst-hit countries during the recent pandemic. Even though huge Asian corporations are a minority, It is a good fit for our study goal for various reasons. Less and medium-sized businesses, on the other hand, have a far smaller influence on society, Due to their prominence in the press, clients or consumers are more likely to provide feedback if they are proactive. As a second point, major companies have greater resources (e.g., human and financial) to spend on reporting and distributing social and environmental information. The existing study applied bibliometric analysis in the exploratory research. The data collection done through secondary sources in which articles extracted with the use of PRISMA flowchart. Result: The study's findings state that most selected Indian Companies spend Rupees 50-1000 crores as corporate social responsibility activities and contribute to the Pradhan Mantri Relief Fund as a business response to face challenges in times of pandemic. Moreover, private companies spend more on CSR activities than public companies in India. The study provides suggestions to the government to make the corporate social responsibility activities compulsory for all the profitable companies so that country can maintain a corporate pool of contingent funds that can utilize to meet such times of critical circumstances. Conclusion: Companies are taking steps to ensure the safety and protection of their personnel. This has been reflected in corporate social responsibility initiatives as well. Corporate social responsibility efforts must include pushing for and facilitating access to health insurance programmes and other equity indicators as a result. 2023 The Author(s). -
Business transaction privacy and security issues in near field communication
The main objective of this chapter is to discuss various security threats and solution in business transactions. The basic working principle and theoretical background of near field communication (NFC) technology is discussed. A component of NFC communication section is to be discussed on various NFC operation modes and RFID tags. NFC technology is used in various fields such as electronic toll collection and e-payment collection for shopping. This device-to-device payment system is facing major security issues. This NFC communication data is transferred from one terminal to another terminal by using short-range radio frequency. Data hackers try to access this radio frequency and attack the business transaction. This hybrid encryption algorithm is used to solve business transaction data security issues. This chapter deals with both key encryption and data encryption processes. 2021, IGI Global. -
Butterfly Optimization Algorithm-Based Optimal Sizing and Integration of Photovoltaic System in Multi-lateral Distribution Network for Interoperability
In this paper, a new and simple nature-inspired meta-heuristic search algorithm, namely butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA), is proposed for solving the optimal location and sizing of solar photovoltaic (SPV) system. An objective function for distribution loss minimization is formulated and minimized via optimally allocating the SPV system on themain feeder. At the first stage, the computational efficiency of BOA is compared with various other similar works and highlights its superiority in terms of global solution. In thesecond stage, the interoperability requirement of SPV system while determining the location and size of SPV system among multiple laterals in a distribution system is solved without compromises in radiality constraint. Various case studies on standard IEEE 33-bus system have shown the effectiveness of proposed concept of interline-photovoltaic (I-PV) system in improving the distribution system performance in terms of reduced losses and improved voltage profile via redistributing the feeder power flows effectively. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Buying intension of menstrual cups among women in India
Background: In this era of globalization, Menstrual Hygiene Management is to be concerned. However due to increasing menstrual health hygiene practices adopted by women are rapidly changing and are shifting towards healthier and sustainable products in the Indian market. Objectives: This study aims to identify and evaluate the factors effecting the buying intension of menstrual cups and to provide managerial implications in the future. Methods: The data was collected through a questionnaire survey method; Exploratory Factor Analysis was used to bring down the factor focusing on the prominent factor useful for the study. Sample size for the study was 455 where simple random sampling technique was adopted to give every element in the population to give an equal chance. Results: Through Exploratory Factor Analysis, the paper identifies five factors as product awareness, perception, external influence, product features and hygiene. Here, product awareness is the most influential factor when compared to other factor which affects the buying intension of the menstrual cups. Conclusion: The word Menstruation which was backed by religious and cultural beliefs has gone through tremendous change effect. The lack of product awareness and the existing taboos are restricting women to buy menstrual cups. The study highlights the innovations in the menstrual products and also the importance of buying healthier and eco-friendly menstrual products like menstrual cups which are economically and eye catching products among women. 2019 SERSC. -
BYJUS Survival at Stake: A Founders Dilemma
The focus of this case is the survival challenges faced by BYJUS due to mounting losses and financial mismanagement. This case discusses the strategic mistakes committed by BYJUS, such as the acquisitions-based growth strategy and overspending on marketing. It also discusses operational mistakes such as low customer retention, security and privacy issues and the use of hard selling to fuel rapid growth. The primary focus of this case is the CEOs dilemma in resolving the crisis. BYJUS business model is discussed to provide students with an overview of the dynamics and challenges of the EdTech business and the companys initiatives to enhance the robustness of its business model. An overview of prominent EdTech companies competing with BYJUS in India is presented in the case to enable the students to understand the competitive scenario of the EdTech industry. 2025 Lahore University of Management Sciences -
ByWalk: Unriddling Blind Overtake Scenario with Frugal Safety System
Safety is crucial, and the truth is ineluctable with its practicality. We strive forward to rev up the safety protocols even more in the field of Road Safety in particular. Countries like India face around 5,00,000 accidents, which lead to 1,80,000 demises each year. The two-lane one-way roads present a risk of the overtaking vehicle crashing onto an incoming car (from the opposite direction) that the overtaking vehicle is unaware of. We seek to achieve two equivocal milestones with our idea in the blind overtake issue, namely, technological aid and economic feasibility. This makes our concept equally impactful in all situations. The technological precision and advancement will help anyone with enough resources to use them tangibly, and economic feasibility ensures a threshold of safety levels that must be put into action. In fact, we are slightly inclined toward the frugality of the architecture paradigm of our idea because safety is everyones right. On the economic side, we propose an LED board-based solution that presents enough information about the incoming vehicle with which a blind overtake condition can be avoided. Besides, we put forward the idea of vehicle-to-vehicle communication for streaming the video content to the trailing cars with smarter selection and added ease to the drivers. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
C-CORDIAL LABELING OF BIPARTITE SIGNED GRAPHS
Let ?:= (V, E) be a graph and ?:= (?, ?) be a signed graph with underling graph ?. Let : V (?) ?? {+, ?} be a C-marking. Then the function is called C-cordial labeling of signed graph ?, if |e? (?1) ?e? (1)| ? 1 and |v (?) ?v (+)| ? 1, where v (+) and v (?) are the number of vertices of ? having label + and ?, respectively under . In this paper, we have characterized signed cycles with given number of negative sections, which admit C-cordial labeling. We have also obtained a characterization of signed bistars which admit C-cordial labeling. 2021 Allahabad Mathematical Society. -
C-cordial labeling of line signed graphs-I
Let S=(G, ?) be a signed graph. S admits C-cordial labeling if the difference between the number of negative and positive edges (vertices) differ by at most one under canonical marking of S. In this paper, we characterize signed paths and cycles having given number of negative sections where the line signed graphs admit C-cordial labeling. 2020 Author(s). -
CABiT Cabs Radhikas Dilemma
The focus of this case is the human resources management challenges faced by the Chief Human Resources Officer (CHRO) at CABiT Cabs. This case discusses the CHROs dilemma in resolving the challenges. CABiT Cabs operations and expansion are discussed to provide students an overview of the dynamics and challenges of the radio taxi business. In addition, this case explores the weakness in the CABiT business model and the challenges on the human resources front. The case extensively discusses the dynamics of a start-up and the pressures faced by the top management. Finally, the options available to the protagonist to address the challenges are discussed. The dilemma faced by the protagonist in her career front is also discussed in this case. 2024 by World Scientific Publishing Co. and Asia Academy of Management.